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Chemical digestion
Chemical digestion

... • Enzymes provide site where reactants are brought together. • Reactants = substrate • Substrate binds to active site of enzyme; enzyme substrate complex • Reaction occurs. • Product released; enzyme freed for another reaction. ...
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... forms a non-covalent homochiral octamer in a mass spectrometer via electrospray ionization Octamer was found to be chiroselective—formed from enantiopure samples, but not racemic ones!  one L-serine selects to bind with 7 more L-enantiomers Also found that they could incorporate more than one type ...
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Blackline Master 4.2-2 NAME: DATE: 4.2
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Glycolysis is the first step in the breakdown of glucose to

... Nearly all of the energy used by living cells comes to them from the energy in the bonds of the sugar glucose. Glucose enters heterotrophic cells in two ways. One method is through secondary active transport in which the transport takes place against the glucoseconcentration gradient. The other mech ...
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... active. In starvation, the level of free fatty acids rises because hormones such as epinephrine and glucagon stimulate adipose-cell lipase. Insulin, in contrast, inhibits lipolysis. Acetyl CoA carboxylase also plays a role in the regulation of fatty acid degradation. Malonyl CoA, the product of the ...
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... Carbohydrates, like lipids and proteins, can be very complex structures that require breakdown before they can be absorbed. Some forms of carbohydrates like cellulose (plant fiber) are too complex for the human digestive system to break down. Breakdown of carbohydrates begins in the mouth where an e ...
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Animal Nutrition - De Anza College

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... vertebrate blood, transports oxygen from the lungs to other parts of the body. Other proteins transport molecules across cell membranes. ...
CITRIC ACID CYCLE
CITRIC ACID CYCLE

... It is the second of three metabolic pathways that are involved in fuel molecule catabolism and ATP production, the other two being glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation. The citric acid cycle also provides precursors for many compounds such as certain amino acids, and some of its reactions are th ...
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Fatty acid metabolism

Fatty acids are a family of molecules classified within the lipid macronutrient class. One role of fatty acids within animal metabolism is energy production in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthesis. When compared to other macronutrient classes (carbohydrates and protein), fatty acids yield the most ATP on an energy per gram basis by a pathway called β-oxidation. In addition, fatty acids are important for energy storage, phospholipid membrane formation, and signaling pathways. Fatty acid metabolism consists of catabolic processes that generate energy and primary metabolites from fatty acids, and anabolic processes that create biologically important molecules from fatty acids and other dietary sources.
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