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Carbohydrate Metabolism: Glycolysis
Carbohydrate Metabolism: Glycolysis

... phosphate pathway. ...
BIOANALYTICAL/CLINICAL ANALYSIS
BIOANALYTICAL/CLINICAL ANALYSIS

... INSULIN NORMALLY PRODUCED IN PANCREAS: -PROMOTES GLYCOGENESIS AND LIPOGENESIS - INCREASES PERMEABILITY ...
Lesson 3.Carbohydrate Metabolism
Lesson 3.Carbohydrate Metabolism

... of fasting, starvation, or intense exercise and is highly endergonic. Gluconeogenesis is often associated with ketosis. Entering the pathway Several non-carbohydrate carbon substrates can enter the gluconeogenesis pathway. One common substrate is lactic acid, formed during anaerobic respiration in s ...
LOYOLA COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS), CHENNAI – 600 034
LOYOLA COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS), CHENNAI – 600 034

... Write the structural formulation of a nucleotide. Indicate clearly the nucleoside portion in it. ...
Biology Chp 7 Notes
Biology Chp 7 Notes

... a. Many dairy products are produced from lactic acid fermentation b. Also occurs in your muscle cells during strenuous exercise 1. when oxygen can’t be delivered fast enough, lactic acid fermentation occurs 2. lactic acid builds up in muscle cells making them sore 3. eventually it is removed by the ...
Title - Iowa State University
Title - Iowa State University

...  ATP ________ is the protein involved in ATP production.  The process by which H+ is pumped back across the membrane to create ATP is called _____________.  The amount of ATP produced is based on how many molecules of ______ are oxidized.  ATP synthase works as a ________ machine, where H+ chang ...
Lecture 40
Lecture 40

... published a book called "Dracula" that has served as the Vampire Guidebook. It is thought that Stoker's story, which is based in Transylvania, is loosely tied to Vlad III Dracula, aka Vlad Tepes, aka Vlad the Impaler, who lived in Transylvania in the 15th century. ...
Cell Respiration
Cell Respiration

... • Each NADH yields about 3 ATP’s (give or take) • Each FADH2 yields about 2 ATP’s (give or take) • As electrons flow down the chain they cause Hydrogens to get sucked out of the mitochondrial matrix into the inner membrane space. ...
Slides
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... • The amino acid sequence determines the structure which determines the function. • Proteins make up over 50% of the cell by dry weight. • Proteins give the cell its shape, they form receptors, enzymes, hormones and growth factors, toxins, transporters and antibodies. ...
Cellular Metabolism
Cellular Metabolism

... Decarboxylation (Link reaction) • This is mediated by a large enzyme complex (pyruvate dehydrogenase) that converts pyruvate to Acetyl CoA • Occurs within the mitochondria • NAD+ is reduced to NADH, • Carbon dioxide is released – This leaves a 2 carbon group (acetyl) to which CoA is attached ...
Problem set 7 - Review for final
Problem set 7 - Review for final

... 14. Constract the nucleic acid that is represented as G U A C. Draw the structure of the entire molecule. Use the letter abbreviations for the bases. Label the 5’ end and the 3’ end of the nucleic acid. Circle the backbone of the polynucleotide. What is(are) the secondary product(s)? You have constr ...
Cell Respiration
Cell Respiration

... • Each NADH yields about 3 ATP’s (give or take) • Each FADH2 yields about 2 ATP’s (give or take) • As electrons flow down the chain they cause Hydrogens to get sucked out of the mitochondrial matrix into the inner membrane space. ...
Baumgard Post absorptive CHO metabolism
Baumgard Post absorptive CHO metabolism

... Post absorptive CHO metabolism: ruminants vs. monogastrics ...
Fundamentals of Biochemistry 2/e
Fundamentals of Biochemistry 2/e

... Glycolysis converts to two C3 units. The free energy released in this process is harvested to synthesize ATP from ADP and Pi ...
Glucogenic and ketogenic amino acids
Glucogenic and ketogenic amino acids

... seven intermediates are produced during their catabolism . A. Glucogenic amino acids Amino acids whose catabolism yields pyruvate or one of the intermediates of the citric acid cycle. These intermediates are substrates for gluconeogenesis and, therefore, can give rise to the net formation of glucose ...
FIGURE 21–6 Part 1
FIGURE 21–6 Part 1

... cholesterol (Fig. 21–45). Two classes of steroid hormones are synthesized in the cortex of the adrenal gland: mineralocorticoids and glucocorticoids.  Sex hormones are produced in male and female gonads ...
Ch8_CellularRespiration
Ch8_CellularRespiration

... supply energy? Name some molecules that you think are good sources of energy. ...
The Body`s Essential Building Blocks, Article by Gloria Gilbère, N.D.
The Body`s Essential Building Blocks, Article by Gloria Gilbère, N.D.

... of protein in the muscles, skin, bones, hair, heart, teeth, blood, brain, skin and billions of biochemical activities. Apart from water, the most abundant substance in the body is contained in the amino acid group; the matrix into which these substances are incorporated is protein. The brain is made ...
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... •  NADH and FADH2 (from glycolysis and the citric acid cycle) donate electrons to the electron transport chain, which powers ATP synthesis via oxidative phosphorylation. ...
BIS103-002 (Spring 2008) - UC Davis Plant Sciences
BIS103-002 (Spring 2008) - UC Davis Plant Sciences

... degraded to CO2 and NADH/FADH2. At the same time, the TCA cycle also provides the starting building blocks (also called ‘precursors’) for a number of anabolic (or biosynthetic) pathways and reactions. ...
Class: X Subject: Biology Topic: Life processes No. of
Class: X Subject: Biology Topic: Life processes No. of

... Ans. B Amylase is an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of starch into sugars. Amylase is present in the saliva of humans and some other mammals, where it begins the chemical process of digestion. Foods that contain large amounts of starch but little sugar, such as rice and potatoes, may acquire a ...
The Energy Requirement for Growth: An A ~ ~ lication of
The Energy Requirement for Growth: An A ~ ~ lication of

... conversion of glucose t o acetyl-CoA yields 7 ATP Eq/mol acetyl-CoA formed. Similarly, whenever a mole of glucose or amino acid is only partially used, i t will be assumed that the remainder of the carbon skeleton is completely oxidized, which will yield a gain in ATP equivalents. The energy needed ...
Digestion System & Nutrition
Digestion System & Nutrition

... Most vital liver functions concern protein metabolism. This includes deaminating amino acids forming urea, synthesizing plasma proteins (clotting factors) and converting certain amino acids to other amino acids The liver also stores glycogen, iron, and vitamins A, D, and B12 Macrophages in the liver ...
Ch 4: Cellular Metabolism
Ch 4: Cellular Metabolism

... place in mitochondria. Occurs in three stages: – Acetyl-CoA binds a fourcarbon molecule and produces a six-carbon molecule. – Two carbons are removed as CO2. – Four-carbon starting material is regenerated. ...
Fact Sheet
Fact Sheet

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Fatty acid metabolism

Fatty acids are a family of molecules classified within the lipid macronutrient class. One role of fatty acids within animal metabolism is energy production in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthesis. When compared to other macronutrient classes (carbohydrates and protein), fatty acids yield the most ATP on an energy per gram basis by a pathway called β-oxidation. In addition, fatty acids are important for energy storage, phospholipid membrane formation, and signaling pathways. Fatty acid metabolism consists of catabolic processes that generate energy and primary metabolites from fatty acids, and anabolic processes that create biologically important molecules from fatty acids and other dietary sources.
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