Cellular Respiration
... Electrons at the end of the chain are donated to oxygen. Oxygen, with these new electrons, can combine with H+ ions to form water. 4H+ + 4e- + O2 → 2H2O ...
... Electrons at the end of the chain are donated to oxygen. Oxygen, with these new electrons, can combine with H+ ions to form water. 4H+ + 4e- + O2 → 2H2O ...
7.014 Quiz I Handout
... to CO2 and H 2O, producing NADH and FADH2. e) Electron transport produces ATP directly from the transfer of electrons from NADH to O2. f) In eukaryotic cells, glycolysis occurs in the cytosol, whereas the reaction of the citric acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation take place only in the mitochon ...
... to CO2 and H 2O, producing NADH and FADH2. e) Electron transport produces ATP directly from the transfer of electrons from NADH to O2. f) In eukaryotic cells, glycolysis occurs in the cytosol, whereas the reaction of the citric acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation take place only in the mitochon ...
Chapter 11 354 11.1 Convert line drawings to structural formulas
... this type of polymer. Polymers of α-glucose, of which cellulose is an example, form planar sheets. It is easier to see the distinction between the two polymers by looking at them from a side-on view (as shown). In the drawings, the dark solid lines indicate the direction of the continuing chain: ...
... this type of polymer. Polymers of α-glucose, of which cellulose is an example, form planar sheets. It is easier to see the distinction between the two polymers by looking at them from a side-on view (as shown). In the drawings, the dark solid lines indicate the direction of the continuing chain: ...
Antioxidant activity of anacardic acids Food Chemistry
... Lipoxygenase (EC 1.13.11.12) is a non heme iron enzyme that catalyzes the dioxygenation of polyunsaturated fatty acids containing a 1(Z),4(Z)-pentadiene system, such as linoleic acid and arachidonic acid, into their 1-hydroperoxy-2(E),4(Z)-pentadiene products (Shibata & Axelrod, 1995). In this conne ...
... Lipoxygenase (EC 1.13.11.12) is a non heme iron enzyme that catalyzes the dioxygenation of polyunsaturated fatty acids containing a 1(Z),4(Z)-pentadiene system, such as linoleic acid and arachidonic acid, into their 1-hydroperoxy-2(E),4(Z)-pentadiene products (Shibata & Axelrod, 1995). In this conne ...
CASE 30
... Once in the upper small intestine, the acids aid in the absorption of lipidsoluble materials. Most of the bile acids then are absorbed, mostly in the ileum, by a carrier-mediated process. They return to the liver in the portal blood and are extracted by the hepatocytes by another carrier-mediated pr ...
... Once in the upper small intestine, the acids aid in the absorption of lipidsoluble materials. Most of the bile acids then are absorbed, mostly in the ileum, by a carrier-mediated process. They return to the liver in the portal blood and are extracted by the hepatocytes by another carrier-mediated pr ...
The Breakdown on Digestive Enzymes
... the duodenum, where it gets further degraded by a secretion from the pancreas known as “Pancreatic Juice” containing more amylase, protease and ...
... the duodenum, where it gets further degraded by a secretion from the pancreas known as “Pancreatic Juice” containing more amylase, protease and ...
Hexokinase
... • Products are 2 pyruvate, 2 ATP and 2 NADH • Essentially all cells carry out glycolysis • Ten reactions - same in all cells - but rates differ ...
... • Products are 2 pyruvate, 2 ATP and 2 NADH • Essentially all cells carry out glycolysis • Ten reactions - same in all cells - but rates differ ...
Probing peroxisomal β-oxidation and the labelling of acetyl
... those of malonyl-CoA and the acetyl moiety of citrate (P < 0.05). The concentration of acetate was < 0.05 mM in the effluent perfusate. Free [13 C]acetate presumably results from the hydrolysis of [1-13 C]acetyl-CoA by a peroxisomal acyl-CoA hydrolase [1,27]. Leighton et al. [28] demonstrated the pr ...
... those of malonyl-CoA and the acetyl moiety of citrate (P < 0.05). The concentration of acetate was < 0.05 mM in the effluent perfusate. Free [13 C]acetate presumably results from the hydrolysis of [1-13 C]acetyl-CoA by a peroxisomal acyl-CoA hydrolase [1,27]. Leighton et al. [28] demonstrated the pr ...
39 Carbohydrates.p65
... Compact storage molecule in mammalian liver and in fungal cells and can be broken down to release glucose. The structure of glycogen allows faster hydrolysis than starch which is important as animals may need emergency glucose faster than plants. ...
... Compact storage molecule in mammalian liver and in fungal cells and can be broken down to release glucose. The structure of glycogen allows faster hydrolysis than starch which is important as animals may need emergency glucose faster than plants. ...
PPT23Chapter23DigestiveSystem
... Detoxification of drugs and other harmful substances which allows for kidneys to excrete ...
... Detoxification of drugs and other harmful substances which allows for kidneys to excrete ...
Regulation of metabolic products and gene expression in Fusarium
... Acetyl-CoA-related genes and metabolic products and fatty acid β-oxidization The expression level of the gene encoding isocitric acid dehydrogenase was not affected by the presence of agmatine (Table 6). However, the amount of pyruvic acid in samples decreased less than 11 % after agmatine addition ...
... Acetyl-CoA-related genes and metabolic products and fatty acid β-oxidization The expression level of the gene encoding isocitric acid dehydrogenase was not affected by the presence of agmatine (Table 6). However, the amount of pyruvic acid in samples decreased less than 11 % after agmatine addition ...
Respiration
... Respiration Compared • Both processes use glycolysis to oxidize glucose and other organic fuels to pyruvate • The processes have different final electron acceptors: an organic molecule (such as pyruvate) in fermentation and O2 in cellular ...
... Respiration Compared • Both processes use glycolysis to oxidize glucose and other organic fuels to pyruvate • The processes have different final electron acceptors: an organic molecule (such as pyruvate) in fermentation and O2 in cellular ...
Cytoplasmic Unsaturated Free Fatty Acids Inhibit ATP
... had incubated the cytosolic fraction with proteases for ⵑ30 min at 37⬚C. This procedure probably inactivated certain lipids as well as proteins. Therefore, we reevaluated the nature of the putative inhibitor by considering the possibility that the inhibitor is a lipid molecule rather than a protein. ...
... had incubated the cytosolic fraction with proteases for ⵑ30 min at 37⬚C. This procedure probably inactivated certain lipids as well as proteins. Therefore, we reevaluated the nature of the putative inhibitor by considering the possibility that the inhibitor is a lipid molecule rather than a protein. ...
Amino acid and protein
... Why benzene ring in phenylalanine is inactive Phenylalanine still reacts with nitric acid, just not as readily as Tyr or Trp because Tyr and Trp have electron donors (hydroxyl and the nitrogen heteroatom), which make the ring a lot more attractive for electrophilic nitration. To get Phe to reac ...
... Why benzene ring in phenylalanine is inactive Phenylalanine still reacts with nitric acid, just not as readily as Tyr or Trp because Tyr and Trp have electron donors (hydroxyl and the nitrogen heteroatom), which make the ring a lot more attractive for electrophilic nitration. To get Phe to reac ...
Amino acid and protein
... Why benzene ring in phenylalanine is inactive Phenylalanine still reacts with nitric acid, just not as readily as Tyr or Trp because Tyr and Trp have electron donors (hydroxyl and the nitrogen heteroatom), which make the ring a lot more attractive for electrophilic nitration. To get Phe to reac ...
... Why benzene ring in phenylalanine is inactive Phenylalanine still reacts with nitric acid, just not as readily as Tyr or Trp because Tyr and Trp have electron donors (hydroxyl and the nitrogen heteroatom), which make the ring a lot more attractive for electrophilic nitration. To get Phe to reac ...
HighFour Biology Round 2 Category D: Grades 11 – 12 Tuesday
... The F1 generation of the RR and rr roses will all have a heterozygous genotype (Rr). The F2 generation ensues from the self-pollination of the F1 generation. This self-pollination will result to three genotypes, namely RR, Rr, and rr. Only those with the rr genotype will have a white phenotype. Out ...
... The F1 generation of the RR and rr roses will all have a heterozygous genotype (Rr). The F2 generation ensues from the self-pollination of the F1 generation. This self-pollination will result to three genotypes, namely RR, Rr, and rr. Only those with the rr genotype will have a white phenotype. Out ...
7 rounds of beta oxidation
... Fatty acids (FA) from the diet or from the degradation of triglycerides stored in adipose cells are broken down further to smaller molecules to completely metabolize them and therefore release energy. This process of catabolism of FA includes three major parts: ...
... Fatty acids (FA) from the diet or from the degradation of triglycerides stored in adipose cells are broken down further to smaller molecules to completely metabolize them and therefore release energy. This process of catabolism of FA includes three major parts: ...
Allelopathic relations in the rhizosphere between
... Allelopathic effects by neighbour plants Allelopathic effects caused by plants in the neighborhood are well known. Germination stimulation of parasitic plants by strigolactones in root exudates of host or non-host plants belong to them. Germination inhibition by metabolites, exuded by roots or wash ...
... Allelopathic effects by neighbour plants Allelopathic effects caused by plants in the neighborhood are well known. Germination stimulation of parasitic plants by strigolactones in root exudates of host or non-host plants belong to them. Germination inhibition by metabolites, exuded by roots or wash ...
1. phylum: firmicutes - Fermentation-SN
... Clostridium tetani is the causative agent of tetanus. The mycoplasmas, or Mollicutes, lack a cell wall, but are close relatives of Clostridium—many species, such as Mycoplasma pneumoniae, are pathogenic to humans. Micrococcus spp. differ from Staphylococcus in that they are obligate aerobes that are ...
... Clostridium tetani is the causative agent of tetanus. The mycoplasmas, or Mollicutes, lack a cell wall, but are close relatives of Clostridium—many species, such as Mycoplasma pneumoniae, are pathogenic to humans. Micrococcus spp. differ from Staphylococcus in that they are obligate aerobes that are ...
BIOCHEMISTRY
... Digestive mechanism for the lipids and absorption in gastrointestinal tract. Structure, functions and metabolism of the bile acids. Re-esterification, formation of chylomicrons, transport. Lipoproteins metabolism, clinical disorders of lipoproteins metabolism. Lypolysis of triacylglycerols in tissu ...
... Digestive mechanism for the lipids and absorption in gastrointestinal tract. Structure, functions and metabolism of the bile acids. Re-esterification, formation of chylomicrons, transport. Lipoproteins metabolism, clinical disorders of lipoproteins metabolism. Lypolysis of triacylglycerols in tissu ...