Micro 2 transcripts to be made into flashcards
... NOTE: Know which wells have what color of a positive test: Brown, Orange or Red, Blue, Yellow, Diffused black pigment, Pink ring on top, etc. CATALASE TEST (Control: positive = Staph aureus) Some facultative aerobes have the enzyme called catalase, which breaks down hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) into har ...
... NOTE: Know which wells have what color of a positive test: Brown, Orange or Red, Blue, Yellow, Diffused black pigment, Pink ring on top, etc. CATALASE TEST (Control: positive = Staph aureus) Some facultative aerobes have the enzyme called catalase, which breaks down hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) into har ...
Absence of cellular responses to a putative autoantigen in
... Patients were brought to a central examination area for bleeding and ocular examination. One hundred seventeen persons infected with O. volvulus were recruited (INF group). Selection was based on data compiled as part of a community-based study of the efficacy of the macrofilaricidal drug amocarzine ...
... Patients were brought to a central examination area for bleeding and ocular examination. One hundred seventeen persons infected with O. volvulus were recruited (INF group). Selection was based on data compiled as part of a community-based study of the efficacy of the macrofilaricidal drug amocarzine ...
Lecture_5
... • First stage selects clones capable of recognizing self peptide in an individual’s own MHC molecules - positive selection • Second stage eliminates overtly self reactive clones with high affinity for self peptide:MHC- negative selection *** (Self-peptides are used as a surrogate for foreign peptide ...
... • First stage selects clones capable of recognizing self peptide in an individual’s own MHC molecules - positive selection • Second stage eliminates overtly self reactive clones with high affinity for self peptide:MHC- negative selection *** (Self-peptides are used as a surrogate for foreign peptide ...
NS1 antigen ELISA
... nucleic acid to DENV, and virus isolation have been used for laboratory diagnostic assays for dengue. Nonstructural 1 (NS1) antigen which releases from DENV infected cells is also a useful diagnostic tool. The measure of duration and intensity of immune response and the first detection time of antib ...
... nucleic acid to DENV, and virus isolation have been used for laboratory diagnostic assays for dengue. Nonstructural 1 (NS1) antigen which releases from DENV infected cells is also a useful diagnostic tool. The measure of duration and intensity of immune response and the first detection time of antib ...
mic.sgmjournals.org
... Candida parapsilosis is responsible for severe cases of non-albicans systemic candidiasis and is one of the leading causes of mortality in neonates. The molecular mechanisms underlying this organism’s virulence remain unknown. Unlike C. albicans, which can exist in several morphogenetic forms, C. pa ...
... Candida parapsilosis is responsible for severe cases of non-albicans systemic candidiasis and is one of the leading causes of mortality in neonates. The molecular mechanisms underlying this organism’s virulence remain unknown. Unlike C. albicans, which can exist in several morphogenetic forms, C. pa ...
... Most enzymes are pH dependent for their activity. Usually they have a pH-optimum which is suited to the environment in which they are generally found. Reasons for this may be that the amino acids in the active site need to be in a certain state of ionization to be active, that the substrate has to ...
Cross-Clade Protective Immune Responses to Influenza Viruses
... since pre-clinical and clinical studies have shown that some of these antigens such as those from H5N1 viruses are less immunogenic than antigens from seasonal influenza subtypes (Reviewed in: [1– 4]). Recent research, however, has shown improved immunogenicity of some H5N1 antigens if supplemented ...
... since pre-clinical and clinical studies have shown that some of these antigens such as those from H5N1 viruses are less immunogenic than antigens from seasonal influenza subtypes (Reviewed in: [1– 4]). Recent research, however, has shown improved immunogenicity of some H5N1 antigens if supplemented ...
Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte–Defined Human Minor
... recipient-derived EBV-LCL as antigen-presenting cells (APC), 2.5 3 105/mL g-irradiated (35 Gy) PBMC as feeder cells, and 2 cells/mL (0.4 cells/well) of responder T cells. In some experiments, CD41 T cells were depleted from the T-cell lines before cloning by adherence to tissue culture flasks coated ...
... recipient-derived EBV-LCL as antigen-presenting cells (APC), 2.5 3 105/mL g-irradiated (35 Gy) PBMC as feeder cells, and 2 cells/mL (0.4 cells/well) of responder T cells. In some experiments, CD41 T cells were depleted from the T-cell lines before cloning by adherence to tissue culture flasks coated ...
Prediction of B cell epitopes
... Prediction of B cell epitopes can potentially guide experimental epitope mapping Predictions of antigenicity in proteins can be used for selecting subunits in rational vaccine design Predictions of B cell epitopes may also be valuable for interpretation of results from experiments based on an ...
... Prediction of B cell epitopes can potentially guide experimental epitope mapping Predictions of antigenicity in proteins can be used for selecting subunits in rational vaccine design Predictions of B cell epitopes may also be valuable for interpretation of results from experiments based on an ...
Effects of transformation on the hemagglutinins of Haemophilus paragallinarum L. R.R. BRAGG
... they did not require NAD for growth. On the other hand, Mouahid et at. (1992), using DNNDNA hybridization, and Bragg et at. (1993a), using monoclonal antibodies (Mabs), established that these isolates were atypical NAD-independent H. paragallinarum. In the same year (1990), NAD-independent H. parain ...
... they did not require NAD for growth. On the other hand, Mouahid et at. (1992), using DNNDNA hybridization, and Bragg et at. (1993a), using monoclonal antibodies (Mabs), established that these isolates were atypical NAD-independent H. paragallinarum. In the same year (1990), NAD-independent H. parain ...
A Study of the Ebola Virus Glycoprotein
... no licensed vaccines or antivirals for EBOV and our understanding of viral pathogenesis is limited. Therefore, further studies examining the pathogenic mechanisms of EBOV are necessary to fully understand and effectively treat EHF. The main Ebola virus glycoprotein (GP) is the only viral protein fou ...
... no licensed vaccines or antivirals for EBOV and our understanding of viral pathogenesis is limited. Therefore, further studies examining the pathogenic mechanisms of EBOV are necessary to fully understand and effectively treat EHF. The main Ebola virus glycoprotein (GP) is the only viral protein fou ...
April - Cleveland Clinic Laboratories
... metabolism converts Leflunomide to its active metabolite, teriflunomide (also called A77 1726), which acts by inhibiting pyrimidine synthesis. Teriflunomide has a very long half-life, on average >2 weeks. Enhanced elimination of the drug may be required in patients who are or who wish to become preg ...
... metabolism converts Leflunomide to its active metabolite, teriflunomide (also called A77 1726), which acts by inhibiting pyrimidine synthesis. Teriflunomide has a very long half-life, on average >2 weeks. Enhanced elimination of the drug may be required in patients who are or who wish to become preg ...
Immune Complex Deposits as a Characteristic Feature of
... Eenennaam et al., 2002; Yang et al., 2003): systemic scleroderma (58% of cases), SLE (39% of cases), rheumatoid arthritis (60% of cases). The presence of autoantibodies to fibrillarin in patients' blood is a suitable diagnostic marker for the early stages of autoimmune diseases development (Tormey e ...
... Eenennaam et al., 2002; Yang et al., 2003): systemic scleroderma (58% of cases), SLE (39% of cases), rheumatoid arthritis (60% of cases). The presence of autoantibodies to fibrillarin in patients' blood is a suitable diagnostic marker for the early stages of autoimmune diseases development (Tormey e ...
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus - UC Irvine`s Department of Medicine
... Clinical Indications for ANA ANA is NOT a good screening test given its low specificity Presence of ANA does NOT mandate the presence of rheumatologic illness A negative ANA is more useful and makes Lupus very unlikely ANA titers correlate poorly with disease activity so serial measurements ...
... Clinical Indications for ANA ANA is NOT a good screening test given its low specificity Presence of ANA does NOT mandate the presence of rheumatologic illness A negative ANA is more useful and makes Lupus very unlikely ANA titers correlate poorly with disease activity so serial measurements ...
Limonene_Synthase-Plant Physiol.-1999-Turner-879-86
... dedicated step of monoterpene biosynthesis in mint species, appears to be translated as a preprotein bearing a long plastidial transit peptide. Immunogold labeling using polyclonal antibodies raised to the native enzyme demonstrated the specific localization of limonene synthase to the leucoplasts o ...
... dedicated step of monoterpene biosynthesis in mint species, appears to be translated as a preprotein bearing a long plastidial transit peptide. Immunogold labeling using polyclonal antibodies raised to the native enzyme demonstrated the specific localization of limonene synthase to the leucoplasts o ...
ImmunoPursuit - Manchester Immunology Group
... Q. Which type of cells are used to produce monoclonal antibodies? A15 ...
... Q. Which type of cells are used to produce monoclonal antibodies? A15 ...
TIR-Domain-Containing Adapter-Inducing Interferon
... antigen-presenting cells. Mucosal B cells can be directly activated by antigens and TLR signaling which results in immunoglobulin class switching and rapid secretion of IgA in the gut mucosa without interacting with T cells [14]. In the T cell-dependent pathway, follicular B cells within PPs are act ...
... antigen-presenting cells. Mucosal B cells can be directly activated by antigens and TLR signaling which results in immunoglobulin class switching and rapid secretion of IgA in the gut mucosa without interacting with T cells [14]. In the T cell-dependent pathway, follicular B cells within PPs are act ...
The Adaptive Immune System
... on such innate immune responses as a first line of defense (discussed in Chapter 24), but they can also mount much more sophisticated defenses, called adaptive immune responses. In vertebrates, the innate responses call the adaptive immune responses into play, and both work together to eliminate the ...
... on such innate immune responses as a first line of defense (discussed in Chapter 24), but they can also mount much more sophisticated defenses, called adaptive immune responses. In vertebrates, the innate responses call the adaptive immune responses into play, and both work together to eliminate the ...
chronic st. louis encephalitis virus infection in the golden hamster
... drocarbon Laboratories, River Edge, NJ), exsanguinated by cardiac puncture, and necropsied. The blood was allowed to clot, and the serum was saved for antibody studies. At necropsy, the abdomen was opened; any urine present in the bladder was aspirated directly with a 1-mL syringe and a 26gauge need ...
... drocarbon Laboratories, River Edge, NJ), exsanguinated by cardiac puncture, and necropsied. The blood was allowed to clot, and the serum was saved for antibody studies. At necropsy, the abdomen was opened; any urine present in the bladder was aspirated directly with a 1-mL syringe and a 26gauge need ...
Biological Inventions
... A plant wherein a toxin gene having a base sequence of ATGACT･･････ is inserted and the said gene is expressed. Example 3: A transgenic non-human mammal, having a recombinant DNA obtained by linking a structural gene encoding any protein to the regulatory region of a gene involved in the production ...
... A plant wherein a toxin gene having a base sequence of ATGACT･･････ is inserted and the said gene is expressed. Example 3: A transgenic non-human mammal, having a recombinant DNA obtained by linking a structural gene encoding any protein to the regulatory region of a gene involved in the production ...
Intervention (Mild and Moderate Reactions)
... 2. The cells which mediate immunity include lymphocytes and phagocytes. Lymphocytes recognize antigens on pathogens. Phagocytes internalize pathogens and degrade them 3. An Immune response consists of two phases. In the first phase, antigen activates specific lymphocytes that recognize it; in the ef ...
... 2. The cells which mediate immunity include lymphocytes and phagocytes. Lymphocytes recognize antigens on pathogens. Phagocytes internalize pathogens and degrade them 3. An Immune response consists of two phases. In the first phase, antigen activates specific lymphocytes that recognize it; in the ef ...
Dual role for B-1a cells in immunity to influenza virus infection
... WT mice at least partially restored protection (26). However, typical influenza virus infection is highly restricted to the respiratory tract and protection might be mediated by local immune defense mechanisms. Because IgM can be transported onto the mucosal surface of the respiratory tract (24, 25) ...
... WT mice at least partially restored protection (26). However, typical influenza virus infection is highly restricted to the respiratory tract and protection might be mediated by local immune defense mechanisms. Because IgM can be transported onto the mucosal surface of the respiratory tract (24, 25) ...
Figure 6. p16INK4a-deficiency results in an alteration - HAL
... does not modulate macrophage cell cycle progression. In order to assess whether and in which mature immune cell types p16INK4a is expressed, p16INK4a mRNA was measured in dendritic cells (DC), bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDM) and neutrophils, all of myeloid origin, and in B- and T-lymphocytes. ...
... does not modulate macrophage cell cycle progression. In order to assess whether and in which mature immune cell types p16INK4a is expressed, p16INK4a mRNA was measured in dendritic cells (DC), bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDM) and neutrophils, all of myeloid origin, and in B- and T-lymphocytes. ...
M261 MHC class I antigen presentation April 17, 2000
... MHC class II molecules present antigens taken up by the cell through endocytosis. MHC polypeptides (a and b) are synthesized on ER and are chaperoned to a specialized antigen loading compartment by invariant chain (Ii); invariant chain serves two purposes, it functions as a chaperone and occupies th ...
... MHC class II molecules present antigens taken up by the cell through endocytosis. MHC polypeptides (a and b) are synthesized on ER and are chaperoned to a specialized antigen loading compartment by invariant chain (Ii); invariant chain serves two purposes, it functions as a chaperone and occupies th ...
CD4 T cells promote tissue inflammation via CD40 signaling without
... mice.4,6 Thus, the question arises of how T cells function in this innate immunity-dominated response and in the absence of exogenous Ag stimulation? T cells may function in an Ag-independent manner by secreting cytokines and up-regulating costimulatory molecules. The role of T cell– derived CD28, C ...
... mice.4,6 Thus, the question arises of how T cells function in this innate immunity-dominated response and in the absence of exogenous Ag stimulation? T cells may function in an Ag-independent manner by secreting cytokines and up-regulating costimulatory molecules. The role of T cell– derived CD28, C ...
Monoclonal antibody
Monoclonal antibodies (mAb or moAb) are monospecific antibodies that are made by identical immune cells that are all clones of a unique parent cell, in contrast to polyclonal antibodies which are made from several different immune cells. Monoclonal antibodies have monovalent affinity, in that they bind to the same epitope.Given almost any substance, it is possible to produce monoclonal antibodies that specifically bind to that substance; they can then serve to detect or purify that substance. This has become an important tool in biochemistry, molecular biology and medicine. When used as medications, the non-proprietary drug name ends in -mab (see ""Nomenclature of monoclonal antibodies""), and many immunotherapy specialists use the word mab anacronymically.