Lipids (lect 5, 6))
... Sphingomyeline is formed of sphingosine base, fatty acyl CoA, phosphate and choline. (Remembr structure, first lecture). Steps of synthesis: see figure 1- Palmitic acid is activated by CoA to give palmitoyl CoA. 2- Combination of palmitoyl CoA with serine to form sphingosine base. 3- Then sphingosin ...
... Sphingomyeline is formed of sphingosine base, fatty acyl CoA, phosphate and choline. (Remembr structure, first lecture). Steps of synthesis: see figure 1- Palmitic acid is activated by CoA to give palmitoyl CoA. 2- Combination of palmitoyl CoA with serine to form sphingosine base. 3- Then sphingosin ...
Lipid Metabolism Catabolism Overview
... Ketone Bodies • Water soluble form of lipids • Less potential energy than FA • Main energy source of brain in starvation • Also used in muscle and intestine ...
... Ketone Bodies • Water soluble form of lipids • Less potential energy than FA • Main energy source of brain in starvation • Also used in muscle and intestine ...
Lecture 22-Lutz
... •Gain knowledge of enzymes that create PGs and TXs (COX-1 and -2) •Explore physiological functions of these molecules •Ascertain how pharmacological inhibitors work to block activity ...
... •Gain knowledge of enzymes that create PGs and TXs (COX-1 and -2) •Explore physiological functions of these molecules •Ascertain how pharmacological inhibitors work to block activity ...
Practical Methods for Biocatalysis and Biotransformations Brochure
... More information from http://www.researchandmarkets.com/reports/2174997/ ...
... More information from http://www.researchandmarkets.com/reports/2174997/ ...
Comments on metabolic needs for glucose and the role of
... certainly true: the branching of glycogen together with the fact that multiple glycogen phosphorylase molecules can be simultaneously active on the different branches allows rapid glycogenolysis to provide fuel for rapid use within tissues (muscle) or to provide blood glucose (liver). Clearly the wa ...
... certainly true: the branching of glycogen together with the fact that multiple glycogen phosphorylase molecules can be simultaneously active on the different branches allows rapid glycogenolysis to provide fuel for rapid use within tissues (muscle) or to provide blood glucose (liver). Clearly the wa ...
pH-induced conformational changes in human ABO(H) blood group
... fucose moiety (Johal et al. 2012; Alfaro et al. 2008), the C-terminal loop is not ordered in any of the structures with simple galactose as an acceptor analog at any pH. ABBA was chosen for this study as it was known to have loop stability intermediate between GTA and GTB (Johal et al. 2012). In all ...
... fucose moiety (Johal et al. 2012; Alfaro et al. 2008), the C-terminal loop is not ordered in any of the structures with simple galactose as an acceptor analog at any pH. ABBA was chosen for this study as it was known to have loop stability intermediate between GTA and GTB (Johal et al. 2012). In all ...
Sequence - BIOTEC - Biotechnology Center TU Dresden
... Species are composed of organisms Organisms are composed of cells Cells are composed of molecules ...
... Species are composed of organisms Organisms are composed of cells Cells are composed of molecules ...
Analysis of distribution of bases in the coding
... choice patterns resemble each other but they differ between distant species (5). Such a fact was regarded as a 'genome hypothesis' by Grantham et al. (1, 2). The same fact was called a 'codon dialect' by Ikemura (7). The situation is somewhat similar to the ...
... choice patterns resemble each other but they differ between distant species (5). Such a fact was regarded as a 'genome hypothesis' by Grantham et al. (1, 2). The same fact was called a 'codon dialect' by Ikemura (7). The situation is somewhat similar to the ...
Slide 1
... • Liver mitochondria can convert acetyl CoA derived from the oxidation of fatty acids to ketone bodies which are: 1- Acetoacetate 2- 3-hydroxybutyrate (or b-hydroxybutyrate) 3- Acetone (nonmetabolized side product) • Acetoacetate & 3-hydroxybutyrate synthesized in the liver are transported via blood ...
... • Liver mitochondria can convert acetyl CoA derived from the oxidation of fatty acids to ketone bodies which are: 1- Acetoacetate 2- 3-hydroxybutyrate (or b-hydroxybutyrate) 3- Acetone (nonmetabolized side product) • Acetoacetate & 3-hydroxybutyrate synthesized in the liver are transported via blood ...
Farnesyl diphosphate synthase, the target for nitrogen
... the mammalian mevalonate pathway enzymes remains unclear. The pathway has also been investigated in plants and it appears that some, but not all, of the enzymes are peroxisomal, and that there may also be mitochondrial isoenzymes of both isopentenyl diphosphate isomerase and FDPS [3,11–13]. However, ...
... the mammalian mevalonate pathway enzymes remains unclear. The pathway has also been investigated in plants and it appears that some, but not all, of the enzymes are peroxisomal, and that there may also be mitochondrial isoenzymes of both isopentenyl diphosphate isomerase and FDPS [3,11–13]. However, ...
Lipids Metabolism - GIT
... • Liver mitochondria can convert acetyl CoA derived from the oxidation of fatty acids to ketone bodies which are: 1- Acetoacetate 2- 3-hydroxybutyrate (or b-hydroxybutyrate) 3- Acetone (nonmetabolized side product) • Acetoacetate & 3-hydroxybutyrate synthesized in the liver are transported via blood ...
... • Liver mitochondria can convert acetyl CoA derived from the oxidation of fatty acids to ketone bodies which are: 1- Acetoacetate 2- 3-hydroxybutyrate (or b-hydroxybutyrate) 3- Acetone (nonmetabolized side product) • Acetoacetate & 3-hydroxybutyrate synthesized in the liver are transported via blood ...
Plant and soil
... supernatant were taken, and the IAA concentration was determined by HPLC as described by Carreño-López et al. (2000). Three replicates were performed, and the experiment was repeated twice. Total AAT enzyme activity was determined from the cell pellets, which was used to produce a cell-free extract ...
... supernatant were taken, and the IAA concentration was determined by HPLC as described by Carreño-López et al. (2000). Three replicates were performed, and the experiment was repeated twice. Total AAT enzyme activity was determined from the cell pellets, which was used to produce a cell-free extract ...
Sugar Amino Acids - The Krasavin research group
... Most research in the field of β-SAAs has concentrated on the furanosidic scaffold. In the group of β-SAAs encompassing both furanosidic and pyranosidic structures, two major subgroups can be ascribed as a function of the position of the carboxylic and amino functions, one group embracing all the com ...
... Most research in the field of β-SAAs has concentrated on the furanosidic scaffold. In the group of β-SAAs encompassing both furanosidic and pyranosidic structures, two major subgroups can be ascribed as a function of the position of the carboxylic and amino functions, one group embracing all the com ...
12 Measuring Bacterial Biomass Production and Growth Rates from
... In nature, bacteria seldom if ever live in the absence of protist grazers and viruses, both of which cause bacterial mortality. In most natural systems, most of the time, bacterial production is matched by mortality such that (dB/dt),,~.~ = 0. However, the methods discussed here measure 'gross produ ...
... In nature, bacteria seldom if ever live in the absence of protist grazers and viruses, both of which cause bacterial mortality. In most natural systems, most of the time, bacterial production is matched by mortality such that (dB/dt),,~.~ = 0. However, the methods discussed here measure 'gross produ ...
Kein Folientitel
... Are (human) genes patentable or (non-patentable) discoveries ? Directive Article 5 1. The human body, at the various stages of its formation and development, and the simple discovery of one of its elements, including the sequence or partial sequence of a gene, cannot constitute patentable invent ...
... Are (human) genes patentable or (non-patentable) discoveries ? Directive Article 5 1. The human body, at the various stages of its formation and development, and the simple discovery of one of its elements, including the sequence or partial sequence of a gene, cannot constitute patentable invent ...
Chapter 4 - Neurasync
... threaded into the lysosomal lumen, in an ATP-dependent fashion. This process is assisted by a resident lysosomal chaperone, lys Hsc70. The substrate is then finally degraded into amino acids. For this process to work optimally, lysosomal membrane levels and conformation of Lamp2a are critical. The m ...
... threaded into the lysosomal lumen, in an ATP-dependent fashion. This process is assisted by a resident lysosomal chaperone, lys Hsc70. The substrate is then finally degraded into amino acids. For this process to work optimally, lysosomal membrane levels and conformation of Lamp2a are critical. The m ...
CHEM F351
... Be able to explain the molecular basis of disease and cellular signaling. Learning Outcomes 1. Understand structure-function relationships of proteins, and enzymes. 2. Comprehend the concept of metabolic pathways. 3. Discuss biomedical/disease-related aspects of topics. 4. Generalize the concept o ...
... Be able to explain the molecular basis of disease and cellular signaling. Learning Outcomes 1. Understand structure-function relationships of proteins, and enzymes. 2. Comprehend the concept of metabolic pathways. 3. Discuss biomedical/disease-related aspects of topics. 4. Generalize the concept o ...
Studies on a Mutant Strain of Escherichia coli which
... the presence of methionine the mutant responded to lysine and to diaminopimelic acid, but there was no response to lanthionine or to DL-allo-$-(OH)-lysine. There was no response by the mutant in minimal medium to p-aminobensoic acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, ascorbic acid, biotin, folic acid, glutathi ...
... the presence of methionine the mutant responded to lysine and to diaminopimelic acid, but there was no response to lanthionine or to DL-allo-$-(OH)-lysine. There was no response by the mutant in minimal medium to p-aminobensoic acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, ascorbic acid, biotin, folic acid, glutathi ...
Turnover-based in vitro selection and evolution of biocatalysts from
... other unselected antibody fragments or by BSA was not observed. These findings are consistent with covalent trapping of the scFv fragments by the turnover-based inhibitor. Identification and characterization of scFv TT1 as a catalyst To examine their phospho-monoesterase activity, the selected scFvs ...
... other unselected antibody fragments or by BSA was not observed. These findings are consistent with covalent trapping of the scFv fragments by the turnover-based inhibitor. Identification and characterization of scFv TT1 as a catalyst To examine their phospho-monoesterase activity, the selected scFvs ...
The Role of Reactive Oxygen Species and Antioxidants in Oxidative
... and tissues, for example an overdose of paracetamol (acetaminophen) damaged the liver of experimental rats, partly through its production of reactive oxygen species [20, 21]. Some of the conditions that make a substance serve as pro-oxidants are the concentration of the chemical and if oxygen or tra ...
... and tissues, for example an overdose of paracetamol (acetaminophen) damaged the liver of experimental rats, partly through its production of reactive oxygen species [20, 21]. Some of the conditions that make a substance serve as pro-oxidants are the concentration of the chemical and if oxygen or tra ...
The role of photosynthesis and amino acid metabolism in the energy
... Under normal conditions, respiration depends on the oxidation of carbohydrates. However, during situations in which carbohydrate supply is limited, the plant cell can modify its metabolism to utilize alternative respiratory substrates. Among these substrates are proteins. Protein degradation is a hi ...
... Under normal conditions, respiration depends on the oxidation of carbohydrates. However, during situations in which carbohydrate supply is limited, the plant cell can modify its metabolism to utilize alternative respiratory substrates. Among these substrates are proteins. Protein degradation is a hi ...
Proteolysis
Proteolysis is the breakdown of proteins into smaller polypeptides or amino acids. Uncatalysed, the hydrolysis of peptide bonds is extremely slow, taking hundreds of years. Proteolysis is typically catalysed by cellular enzymes called proteases, but may also occur by intra-molecular digestion. Low pH or high temperatures can also cause proteolysis non-enzymatically.Proteolysis in organisms serves many purposes; for example, digestive enzymes break down proteins in food to provide amino acids for the organism, while proteolytic processing of a polypeptide chain after its synthesis may be necessary for the production of an active protein. It is also important in the regulation of some physiological and cellular processes, as well as preventing the accumulation of unwanted or abnormal proteins in cells. Consequently, dis-regulation of proteolysis can cause diseases, and is used in some venoms to damage their prey.Proteolysis is important as an analytical tool for studying proteins in the laboratory, as well as industrially, for example in food processing and stain removal.