136KB - NZQA
... Two products are formed in this reaction because propene is an asymmetric alkene. When another asymmetric molecule such as hydrogen chloride, HCl, is added to it, there are two possible products. One product is produced in greater quantities (the major product) than the other (minor product). The ru ...
... Two products are formed in this reaction because propene is an asymmetric alkene. When another asymmetric molecule such as hydrogen chloride, HCl, is added to it, there are two possible products. One product is produced in greater quantities (the major product) than the other (minor product). The ru ...
chemistry- sch4u - final exam
... ____ 61. The theoretical effect of an increase in the initial concentration of a reactant can be explained in terms of collision theory because it affects I. the collision geometry involved in the reaction II. the total number of collisions that occur III. the fraction of collisions that are effecti ...
... ____ 61. The theoretical effect of an increase in the initial concentration of a reactant can be explained in terms of collision theory because it affects I. the collision geometry involved in the reaction II. the total number of collisions that occur III. the fraction of collisions that are effecti ...
Lecture 13a - UCLA Chemistry and Biochemistry
... the microwave because ferrocene compounds can ignite in the microwave if they are overheated (power setting too high or uneven heating) • Note that many of these reactions can also be carried out using Grindstone chemistry (=mixing in a mortar) which is preferential because it is greener ...
... the microwave because ferrocene compounds can ignite in the microwave if they are overheated (power setting too high or uneven heating) • Note that many of these reactions can also be carried out using Grindstone chemistry (=mixing in a mortar) which is preferential because it is greener ...
polar covalent bonds.
... sp2 Hybrids create trigonal structures. Hybridization of a 2s and two 2p orbitals results in three new hybrid orbitals that point to the corners of an equilateral triangle. The remaining p orbital points up and down, perpendicular to each of the three hybrid orbitals. Bond angles in molecules using ...
... sp2 Hybrids create trigonal structures. Hybridization of a 2s and two 2p orbitals results in three new hybrid orbitals that point to the corners of an equilateral triangle. The remaining p orbital points up and down, perpendicular to each of the three hybrid orbitals. Bond angles in molecules using ...
Determination of the reaction order Determination of the reaction
... frequency of collisions regardless their energy. The product of both represents the number of successful collisions in time. ...
... frequency of collisions regardless their energy. The product of both represents the number of successful collisions in time. ...
Biochemistry 462a - Enzymes Extra Questions
... 1. A chemical reaction has a Go = -2000 kJ/mol. If this were an enzyme-catalyzed reaction what can you predict about the kinetics? a. It will exhibit very rapid kinetics b. It will exhibit very slow kinetics c. The kinetics of the reaction can not be predicted d. The kinetics depend on the nature ...
... 1. A chemical reaction has a Go = -2000 kJ/mol. If this were an enzyme-catalyzed reaction what can you predict about the kinetics? a. It will exhibit very rapid kinetics b. It will exhibit very slow kinetics c. The kinetics of the reaction can not be predicted d. The kinetics depend on the nature ...
Chapter 16 Handout
... reactions have not ceased. They occur simultaneously at the same rate. During dynamic equilibrium: –The ____________________. and concentrations of chemical substances remain constant. –The total gas ____________________. is constant (if gases are involved) –The ____________________. us constant –Th ...
... reactions have not ceased. They occur simultaneously at the same rate. During dynamic equilibrium: –The ____________________. and concentrations of chemical substances remain constant. –The total gas ____________________. is constant (if gases are involved) –The ____________________. us constant –Th ...
Preparation of an Alkyl Halide Nucleophilic Substitution, S
... Nucleophilic Substitution All good nucleophiles in this reaction possess ...
... Nucleophilic Substitution All good nucleophiles in this reaction possess ...
Inorganic Reaction Mechanisms at the Molecular Level Oxford
... Oxidation catalysts are typically based on the highest oxidation states of a particular metal complex, e.g., OsVIIIO4, RuVIIIO4, MnVIIO4-, etc. This seems consistent since the strongest “oxidants” should most efficiently catalyze “oxidation” reactions. However, this reasoning only holds if the rate ...
... Oxidation catalysts are typically based on the highest oxidation states of a particular metal complex, e.g., OsVIIIO4, RuVIIIO4, MnVIIO4-, etc. This seems consistent since the strongest “oxidants” should most efficiently catalyze “oxidation” reactions. However, this reasoning only holds if the rate ...
The Grignard Reagent
... change in color when the reaction has started. – Use your time wisely. While one partner monitors reaction 1 the other should prepare the ester for reaction 2. – Most of the Mg will dissolve during the reaction. Any remaining Mg will dissolve in the work-up (week 2). – At the end of this week’s proc ...
... change in color when the reaction has started. – Use your time wisely. While one partner monitors reaction 1 the other should prepare the ester for reaction 2. – Most of the Mg will dissolve during the reaction. Any remaining Mg will dissolve in the work-up (week 2). – At the end of this week’s proc ...
std 8 9 reviewanswers
... A The larger the amount of activation energy, the more unstable the transition state is B The activation energy is the difference energy between the products and the transition state C A catalyst works by lowering the activation energy for the reaction 9. Chemical equilibrium is a dynamic process at ...
... A The larger the amount of activation energy, the more unstable the transition state is B The activation energy is the difference energy between the products and the transition state C A catalyst works by lowering the activation energy for the reaction 9. Chemical equilibrium is a dynamic process at ...
org test 1
... 2. Why is Sulphuric acid not used during reaction of alcohol with KI? 3. Why is preparation of ethers by acid catalysed dehydration of 2° and 3° alcohols not a suitable method? 4. Of benzene and phenol, which is more easily nitrated and why? 5. Ethers possess a net dipole moment even if they are sym ...
... 2. Why is Sulphuric acid not used during reaction of alcohol with KI? 3. Why is preparation of ethers by acid catalysed dehydration of 2° and 3° alcohols not a suitable method? 4. Of benzene and phenol, which is more easily nitrated and why? 5. Ethers possess a net dipole moment even if they are sym ...
... Johnson Matthey have published an informative 82-page brochure, “The Catalyst Technical Handbook”, which covers the use of catalysts for chemical reactions important in industrial synthesis. The handbook recommends platinum group metal homogeneous, heterogeneous and FibreCatm anchored homogeneous ca ...
2.9 database - DrBravoChemistry
... Addition reactions to alkenes can result in the formation of isomeric compounds. Choose an alkene with molecular formula C4H8 which reacts with HBr to form two structural isomers. Give the structures of these two isomers and name the type of structural isomerism shown. Outline a mechanism for the fo ...
... Addition reactions to alkenes can result in the formation of isomeric compounds. Choose an alkene with molecular formula C4H8 which reacts with HBr to form two structural isomers. Give the structures of these two isomers and name the type of structural isomerism shown. Outline a mechanism for the fo ...
Equilibrium 4 Noteform - IndustrialProcesses
... (Think about the factors that affect the rate of a chemical reaction.) ...
... (Think about the factors that affect the rate of a chemical reaction.) ...
C h e m g u id e –... ESTERS: PREPARATION
... mixture in a flask and distil off and collect the ester as it is formed. Why does this work effectively for the small esters? 2. a) You can also make esters by reacting an acyl chloride with an alcohol. Write the general equation for this using a form similar to the one in Q1(a). b) Describe the rea ...
... mixture in a flask and distil off and collect the ester as it is formed. Why does this work effectively for the small esters? 2. a) You can also make esters by reacting an acyl chloride with an alcohol. Write the general equation for this using a form similar to the one in Q1(a). b) Describe the rea ...
Woodward–Hoffmann rules
The Woodward–Hoffmann rules, devised by Robert Burns Woodward and Roald Hoffmann, are a set of rules in organic chemistry predicting the barrier heights of pericyclic reactions based upon conservation of orbital symmetry. The Woodward–Hoffmann rules can be applied to understand electrocyclic reactions, cycloadditions (including cheletropic reactions), sigmatropic reactions, and group transfer reactions. Reactions are classified as allowed if the electronic barrier is low, and forbidden if the barrier is high. Forbidden reactions can still take place but require significantly more energy.The Woodward–Hoffmann rules were first formulated to explain the striking stereospecificity of electrocyclic reactions under thermal and photochemical control. Thermolysis of the substituted cyclobutene trans-1,2,3,4-tetramethylcyclobutene (1) gave only one diastereomer, the (E,E)-3,4-dimethyl-2,4-hexadiene (2) as shown below; the (Z,Z) and the (E,Z) diastereomers were not detected in the reaction. Similarly, thermolysis of cis-1,2,3,4-tetramethylcyclobutene (3) gave only the (E,Z) diastereomer (4).Due to their elegance and simplicity, the Woodward–Hoffmann rules are credited with first exemplifying the power of molecular orbital theory to experimental chemists. Hoffmann was awarded the 1981 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for this work, shared with Kenichi Fukui who developed a similar model using frontier molecular orbital (FMO) theory; because Woodward had died two years before, he was not eligible to win what would have been his second Nobel Prize for Chemistry.