Frontal Eye Fields - Psychological Sciences
... FEF contributes to selecting the target and shifting attention before gaze shifts, both saccadic and pursuit [8]. It is also crucial to note that the neural signals occurring in FEF coincide with identical signals occurring in a network of interconnected structures including the superior colliculus ...
... FEF contributes to selecting the target and shifting attention before gaze shifts, both saccadic and pursuit [8]. It is also crucial to note that the neural signals occurring in FEF coincide with identical signals occurring in a network of interconnected structures including the superior colliculus ...
Acetylcholine - American College of Neuropsychopharmacology
... (15). M4 receptors are also involved in locomotion; these knockout animals exhibit increased basal locomotor activity and a potentiated locomotor response to D1-selective dopaminergic agonists (16). Like the M2 receptors, the ␣4/2 subtype of nAChR is implicated in antinociceptive cholinergic pathwa ...
... (15). M4 receptors are also involved in locomotion; these knockout animals exhibit increased basal locomotor activity and a potentiated locomotor response to D1-selective dopaminergic agonists (16). Like the M2 receptors, the ␣4/2 subtype of nAChR is implicated in antinociceptive cholinergic pathwa ...
Preliminary fMRI findings concerning the influence of 5‐HTP on food
... in the vitamin C group were located at the right temporal gyrus, the occipital gyrus, the right VLPFC, whereas for the 5-HTP group, activity was observed at the left VMPFC, the parahippocampal gyrus bilaterally, the occipital lobe, and middle temporal gyri. Discussion: In line with the hypotheses, ...
... in the vitamin C group were located at the right temporal gyrus, the occipital gyrus, the right VLPFC, whereas for the 5-HTP group, activity was observed at the left VMPFC, the parahippocampal gyrus bilaterally, the occipital lobe, and middle temporal gyri. Discussion: In line with the hypotheses, ...
Mechanisms of Visual Attention in the Human Cortex
... Annu. Rev. Neurosci. 2000.23:315-341. Downloaded from arjournals.annualreviews.org by Boston University on 08/11/08. For personal use only. ...
... Annu. Rev. Neurosci. 2000.23:315-341. Downloaded from arjournals.annualreviews.org by Boston University on 08/11/08. For personal use only. ...
A Stress-Induced Shift From Trace to Delay Conditioning Depends
... presented twice (4 seconds) capturing the orienting response, followed by a gray screen (CSinterval, 3 seconds) and an intertrial interval showing a fixation cross (11 seconds, 12 seconds, or 13 seconds). For acquisition, participants were instructed to find out whether there was a relationship betwee ...
... presented twice (4 seconds) capturing the orienting response, followed by a gray screen (CSinterval, 3 seconds) and an intertrial interval showing a fixation cross (11 seconds, 12 seconds, or 13 seconds). For acquisition, participants were instructed to find out whether there was a relationship betwee ...
The posterior parietal cortex: Sensorimotor interface for the planning
... leftmost column shows 3 neurons that encode target and hand position separably, in eye coordinates. Each cell is tuned for a target location in the upper visual field but one responds to rightward position (the top cell), another center, and the third leftward (bottom cell). These cells are also tun ...
... leftmost column shows 3 neurons that encode target and hand position separably, in eye coordinates. Each cell is tuned for a target location in the upper visual field but one responds to rightward position (the top cell), another center, and the third leftward (bottom cell). These cells are also tun ...
Functional segregation of the temporal lobes into highly
... hemispheres to all types of stimuli. The responses to tones as well as to the sound stimuli are stronger within the right auditory cortex, with an increasing cluster size and significance level from tones to sounds. In addition to the activations found during tone perception, the sound trials showed ...
... hemispheres to all types of stimuli. The responses to tones as well as to the sound stimuli are stronger within the right auditory cortex, with an increasing cluster size and significance level from tones to sounds. In addition to the activations found during tone perception, the sound trials showed ...
Goal-direction and top-down control
... rational, behaviour—it allows us to not just react to the world but act upon it in order to obtain a desired outcome. Here, we discuss the neural mechanisms that support such top-down control. Specifically, we suggest goal-directed behaviour uses two complementary systems that can explicitly learn t ...
... rational, behaviour—it allows us to not just react to the world but act upon it in order to obtain a desired outcome. Here, we discuss the neural mechanisms that support such top-down control. Specifically, we suggest goal-directed behaviour uses two complementary systems that can explicitly learn t ...
Subcortical loops through the basal ganglia
... and subcortical inputs to the basal ganglia might act independently, co-operatively or competitively to influence the mechanisms of action selection. Introduction Basal ganglia dysfunctions have long been associated with a range of debilitating clinical conditions whose most obvious manifestations a ...
... and subcortical inputs to the basal ganglia might act independently, co-operatively or competitively to influence the mechanisms of action selection. Introduction Basal ganglia dysfunctions have long been associated with a range of debilitating clinical conditions whose most obvious manifestations a ...
Impaired odour discrimination on desynchronization of odour
... synchronization of assemblies of projection neurons and that this synchronization is also selectively abolished by picrotoxin, an antagonist of the GABAA (g-aminobutyric acid) receptor. By using a behavioural learning paradigm, we show that picrotoxininduced desynchronization impairs the discriminat ...
... synchronization of assemblies of projection neurons and that this synchronization is also selectively abolished by picrotoxin, an antagonist of the GABAA (g-aminobutyric acid) receptor. By using a behavioural learning paradigm, we show that picrotoxininduced desynchronization impairs the discriminat ...
Neural Correlates of First-Person Perspective as One Constituent of
... variable number of red objects (Figure 1). Subjects were asked to assess the number of red balls (ranging from 1 to 3) as seen from either the avatar’s (3PP) or their own perspective (1PP). To determine whether taking 3PP or 1PP interacts with the camera view on the scene, two views of the scene, na ...
... variable number of red objects (Figure 1). Subjects were asked to assess the number of red balls (ranging from 1 to 3) as seen from either the avatar’s (3PP) or their own perspective (1PP). To determine whether taking 3PP or 1PP interacts with the camera view on the scene, two views of the scene, na ...
Motor systems Basal ganglia
... a static or resting tremor, which refers to the involuntary 4-5 Hz movements when the limb is held at rest but disappears during a voluntary movement. This contrasts sharply with the intention tremor of cerebellar signs. The loss of postural reflexes results in balance problems, which can manifest a ...
... a static or resting tremor, which refers to the involuntary 4-5 Hz movements when the limb is held at rest but disappears during a voluntary movement. This contrasts sharply with the intention tremor of cerebellar signs. The loss of postural reflexes results in balance problems, which can manifest a ...
Brainstem Nuclei and Tracts
... the cerebellum through the middle cerebellar peduncle. The information from cerebral cortex could then be transmitted to cerebellum by the relay of pontine nuclei. Precision and efficiency of voluntary movements. ...
... the cerebellum through the middle cerebellar peduncle. The information from cerebral cortex could then be transmitted to cerebellum by the relay of pontine nuclei. Precision and efficiency of voluntary movements. ...
Time Related Effects on Functional Brain Connectivity After
... rate, and baseline measurements as covariates. Although both compounds did not change cognitive performance on several tests, significant effects were found on connectivity with multiple resting state networks. Serotonergic stimulation primarily reduced connectivity with the sensorimotor network and ...
... rate, and baseline measurements as covariates. Although both compounds did not change cognitive performance on several tests, significant effects were found on connectivity with multiple resting state networks. Serotonergic stimulation primarily reduced connectivity with the sensorimotor network and ...
PDF - Oxford Academic - Oxford University Press
... effect of drug intake) yields the opposite effect. Thus, this work suggests a circuit scenario according to which endogenous DSI is beneficial for, whereas an exogenous drug such as marijuana is detrimental to, working memory and possibly other prefrontal functions. Keywords: continuous attractor ne ...
... effect of drug intake) yields the opposite effect. Thus, this work suggests a circuit scenario according to which endogenous DSI is beneficial for, whereas an exogenous drug such as marijuana is detrimental to, working memory and possibly other prefrontal functions. Keywords: continuous attractor ne ...
Comparison of Quantities: Core and Format
... standard template. During normalization, the functional volumes were resampled to a 3 3 3 3 3--mm3 resolution. Last, functional images were smoothed using an isotropic Gaussian kernel (full-width at halfmaximum = 8 mm). Functional data were subjected to a general linear model analysis as implemented ...
... standard template. During normalization, the functional volumes were resampled to a 3 3 3 3 3--mm3 resolution. Last, functional images were smoothed using an isotropic Gaussian kernel (full-width at halfmaximum = 8 mm). Functional data were subjected to a general linear model analysis as implemented ...
Cortical afferents to the smooth-pursuit region of the macaque
... the arcuate sulcus (Fig. 2A, f). Only layers I and II of this fold of cortex were exposed to tracer. The injection ...
... the arcuate sulcus (Fig. 2A, f). Only layers I and II of this fold of cortex were exposed to tracer. The injection ...
Neuronal Competition and Selection During Memory Formation
... that individual lateral amygdala neurons were recruited into a fear memory trace. Our results suggest a competitive model underlying memory formation, in which eligible neurons are selected to participate in a memory trace as a function of their relative CREB activity at the time of learning. ompeti ...
... that individual lateral amygdala neurons were recruited into a fear memory trace. Our results suggest a competitive model underlying memory formation, in which eligible neurons are selected to participate in a memory trace as a function of their relative CREB activity at the time of learning. ompeti ...
Three-dimensional reconstruction of the lentiform nucleus from
... achieving clinical improvement [4]. Neurophysiological maps of the globus pallidus are being developed to help define the optimal lesion site precisely [5]. As mentioned previously, there are only a few data related to the lentiform nucleus of the human brain in the literature. Additionally, the com ...
... achieving clinical improvement [4]. Neurophysiological maps of the globus pallidus are being developed to help define the optimal lesion site precisely [5]. As mentioned previously, there are only a few data related to the lentiform nucleus of the human brain in the literature. Additionally, the com ...
Visuomotor development
... must solve (Churchland and Sejnowski, 1992). Despite exploring the same problem, studies carried out in these fields have arrived at different solutions. These differences arose mainly due to the divergent research goals. Robotic models, rather than revealing how nervous systems attain sensorimotor ...
... must solve (Churchland and Sejnowski, 1992). Despite exploring the same problem, studies carried out in these fields have arrived at different solutions. These differences arose mainly due to the divergent research goals. Robotic models, rather than revealing how nervous systems attain sensorimotor ...
The impact of iconic gestures on foreign language word learning
... French, Italian, and Spanish), and with proper nouns comprising names of products available on the German market. The artificial words were assigned common meanings like bridge and suitcase. Familiarity of the semantics of the items was controlled for using the word frequency counter of German provid ...
... French, Italian, and Spanish), and with proper nouns comprising names of products available on the German market. The artificial words were assigned common meanings like bridge and suitcase. Familiarity of the semantics of the items was controlled for using the word frequency counter of German provid ...
Modeling Visual Cognition
... and Bundesen (2007), we manipulated the spatial separation between several stimulus letters in whole report while keeping the eccentricity of the stimuli constant. We found that the proportion of correctly identified letters was a strictly increasing decelerating function of the spatial separation o ...
... and Bundesen (2007), we manipulated the spatial separation between several stimulus letters in whole report while keeping the eccentricity of the stimuli constant. We found that the proportion of correctly identified letters was a strictly increasing decelerating function of the spatial separation o ...
New insights into the anatomo-functional connectivity of the
... The patient was never informed when the brain was stimulated. The duration of each stimulation was 4 s. At least one picture presentation without stimulation separated each stimulation, and no site was stimulated twice in a row in order to avoid seizures. Each cortical site (size: 5 mm 3 5 mm, due t ...
... The patient was never informed when the brain was stimulated. The duration of each stimulation was 4 s. At least one picture presentation without stimulation separated each stimulation, and no site was stimulated twice in a row in order to avoid seizures. Each cortical site (size: 5 mm 3 5 mm, due t ...
Paraneoplastic Syndrome and Mimics: What the
... MRI demonstrates significantly more involvement than the CT, and we see the characteristic imaging pattern of asymmetric abnormal T2/FLAIR signal intensity involving the temporal lobes and insula.The parietal lobe is also involved as seen on CT, and the T1 image demonstrates hyperintensitymirroring ...
... MRI demonstrates significantly more involvement than the CT, and we see the characteristic imaging pattern of asymmetric abnormal T2/FLAIR signal intensity involving the temporal lobes and insula.The parietal lobe is also involved as seen on CT, and the T1 image demonstrates hyperintensitymirroring ...
Neuroanatomy of memory
The neuroanatomy of memory encompasses a wide variety of anatomical structures in the brain.