Changes in Prefrontal Neuronal Activity after
... The prefrontal cortex is considered essential for learning to perform cognitive tasks though little is known about how the representation of stimulus properties is altered by learning. To address this issue, we recorded neuronal activity in monkeys before and after training on a task that required v ...
... The prefrontal cortex is considered essential for learning to perform cognitive tasks though little is known about how the representation of stimulus properties is altered by learning. To address this issue, we recorded neuronal activity in monkeys before and after training on a task that required v ...
mechanisms of visual attention in the human cortex
... The competition among multiple objects in visual cortex can be biased by both bottom-up sensory-driven mechanisms and top-down influences, such as selective attention. Functional brain imaging studies reveal that, both in the absence and in the presence of visual stimulation, biasing signals due to ...
... The competition among multiple objects in visual cortex can be biased by both bottom-up sensory-driven mechanisms and top-down influences, such as selective attention. Functional brain imaging studies reveal that, both in the absence and in the presence of visual stimulation, biasing signals due to ...
The seasonal hippocampus of food-storing birds.
... and tits is sensitive to energy balance, food availability, food predictability, and flock dominance structure (Brodin and Lundberg, 2003; Lucas et al., 1993; Lucas and Walter, 1991; Hurly, 1992). If change in the hippocampus is caused, even in part, by feedback from food-storing behaviour itself, th ...
... and tits is sensitive to energy balance, food availability, food predictability, and flock dominance structure (Brodin and Lundberg, 2003; Lucas et al., 1993; Lucas and Walter, 1991; Hurly, 1992). If change in the hippocampus is caused, even in part, by feedback from food-storing behaviour itself, th ...
Grounding conceptual knowledge in modality
... The human conceptual system contains knowledge that supports all cognitive activities, including perception, memory, language and thought. According to most current theories, states in modality-specific systems for perception, action and emotion do not represent knowledge – rather, redescriptions of ...
... The human conceptual system contains knowledge that supports all cognitive activities, including perception, memory, language and thought. According to most current theories, states in modality-specific systems for perception, action and emotion do not represent knowledge – rather, redescriptions of ...
The hippocampo-cortical loop: Spatio
... To account for the above-mentioned neural properties of mPFC neurons and hippocampal place cells in the continuous place navigation task, we propose a new neural network model endowed with the ability to perform spatial navigation (going to the goal) and temporal coding (waiting at the goal for 2 s) ...
... To account for the above-mentioned neural properties of mPFC neurons and hippocampal place cells in the continuous place navigation task, we propose a new neural network model endowed with the ability to perform spatial navigation (going to the goal) and temporal coding (waiting at the goal for 2 s) ...
Hello. I`m Michael Farries, a graduate student of David Perkel. I have
... homology with mammalian dorsal striatum. But I think there are other possibilities. To motivate this, consider the status of the avian pallium. Whether you subscribe to Karten’s hypothesis or Puelles’s or something else entirely, you have to invoke substantial reorganization during the evolution of ...
... homology with mammalian dorsal striatum. But I think there are other possibilities. To motivate this, consider the status of the avian pallium. Whether you subscribe to Karten’s hypothesis or Puelles’s or something else entirely, you have to invoke substantial reorganization during the evolution of ...
The rhinal cortices: a wall of inhibition between the
... than merely relay synchronous activity between neocortex and hippocampus. Rather, they support a gating mechanism whose properties remain to be identified. In spite of the demonstration of well-defined reciprocal connections between temporal neocortex and rhinal cortices, extracellular recordings an ...
... than merely relay synchronous activity between neocortex and hippocampus. Rather, they support a gating mechanism whose properties remain to be identified. In spite of the demonstration of well-defined reciprocal connections between temporal neocortex and rhinal cortices, extracellular recordings an ...
BRAINSTEM
... plexiform layer, w/ ganglion cells in inner plexiform layer. 2 types: ROD – synapses from many rod cells = less acuity, greater sensitivity. CONE – synapses from few cone cells = high acuity. Function: Link photoreceptors directly to retinal projection neurons (ganglion cells) (Ref: NA 167,169) Loca ...
... plexiform layer, w/ ganglion cells in inner plexiform layer. 2 types: ROD – synapses from many rod cells = less acuity, greater sensitivity. CONE – synapses from few cone cells = high acuity. Function: Link photoreceptors directly to retinal projection neurons (ganglion cells) (Ref: NA 167,169) Loca ...
Psychology Chapter A - Oxford University Press
... • explain what efferent and afferent nerve fibres are • compare the processes of the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions of the peripheral nervous system • describe the structure of neurons and synapses • explain communication within neurons and between neurons • describe the action and dysfun ...
... • explain what efferent and afferent nerve fibres are • compare the processes of the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions of the peripheral nervous system • describe the structure of neurons and synapses • explain communication within neurons and between neurons • describe the action and dysfun ...
Sensory Pathways and Emotional Context for Action
... Helen Barbas, Basilis Zikopoulos, and Clare Timbie Connections of the primate prefrontal cortex are associated with action. Within the lateral prefrontal cortex, there are preferential targets of projections from visual, auditory, and somatosensory cortices associated with directing attention to rel ...
... Helen Barbas, Basilis Zikopoulos, and Clare Timbie Connections of the primate prefrontal cortex are associated with action. Within the lateral prefrontal cortex, there are preferential targets of projections from visual, auditory, and somatosensory cortices associated with directing attention to rel ...
Intention, Action Planning, and Decision Making in Parietal
... review, we will refer to the hand and eye preference for movement planning as effector specificity, and this term is meant to indicate relative, not absolute, specificity. For example, an area may be active for planning a reach or a saccade, but if it is significantly more active for one plan over t ...
... review, we will refer to the hand and eye preference for movement planning as effector specificity, and this term is meant to indicate relative, not absolute, specificity. For example, an area may be active for planning a reach or a saccade, but if it is significantly more active for one plan over t ...
Model of Cortical-Basal Ganglionic Processing: Encoding the Serial
... of the subsequent sequential actions (Barone and Joseph 1989; Kermadi and Joseph 1995; Kermadi et al. 1993; Mushiake and Strick 1995; Tanji and Shima 1994). Such activity could represent commands for the conversion of a spatial pattern of activation into the temporal domain of movement. Together, th ...
... of the subsequent sequential actions (Barone and Joseph 1989; Kermadi and Joseph 1995; Kermadi et al. 1993; Mushiake and Strick 1995; Tanji and Shima 1994). Such activity could represent commands for the conversion of a spatial pattern of activation into the temporal domain of movement. Together, th ...
Role of right pregenual anterior cingulate cortex in self
... they watched a video clip of themselves singing. They also watched a sad film clip; these data were used to control for non-self-conscious emotional reactivity in response to audiovisual stimuli. Using Freesurfer to quantify regional brain volumes from structural magnetic resonance imaging, right pr ...
... they watched a video clip of themselves singing. They also watched a sad film clip; these data were used to control for non-self-conscious emotional reactivity in response to audiovisual stimuli. Using Freesurfer to quantify regional brain volumes from structural magnetic resonance imaging, right pr ...
Lungs - Dr. Par Mohammadian
... Transverse section through the thorax, viewed from above. Lungs, pleural membranes, and major organs in the mediastinum are shown. ...
... Transverse section through the thorax, viewed from above. Lungs, pleural membranes, and major organs in the mediastinum are shown. ...
Kandel ch. 42 - Weizmann Institute of Science
... Removal of the cerebellum does not alter sensory thresholds or the strength of muscle contraction. Thus the cerebellum is not necessary to basic elements of perception or movement. Rather, damage to the cerebellum disrupts the spatial accuracy and temporal coordination of movement. It impairs balanc ...
... Removal of the cerebellum does not alter sensory thresholds or the strength of muscle contraction. Thus the cerebellum is not necessary to basic elements of perception or movement. Rather, damage to the cerebellum disrupts the spatial accuracy and temporal coordination of movement. It impairs balanc ...
Parkinson`s Disease Backgrounder
... Parkinson’s is a chronic, degenerative brain disease, resulting from the loss of dopamine producing neurons. Dopamine controls a person’s motor functions (voluntary movements) such as walking, speech and handwriting. It also affects non-motor functions such as mood, attention and sleep. When the dop ...
... Parkinson’s is a chronic, degenerative brain disease, resulting from the loss of dopamine producing neurons. Dopamine controls a person’s motor functions (voluntary movements) such as walking, speech and handwriting. It also affects non-motor functions such as mood, attention and sleep. When the dop ...
Does Mental Activity Change the Oxidative Metabolism of the Brain?
... and posterior thalamus. These focal metabolic increases were so strong that the CMRO, of the whole brain increased by 10%. The rCBF increased proportionally in these active fields and structures, such that d(rCBF) in ml/100 gm/min = 11.1 d(rCMR0,). Thus, a dynamic coupling of the rCBF to the rCMR0, ...
... and posterior thalamus. These focal metabolic increases were so strong that the CMRO, of the whole brain increased by 10%. The rCBF increased proportionally in these active fields and structures, such that d(rCBF) in ml/100 gm/min = 11.1 d(rCMR0,). Thus, a dynamic coupling of the rCBF to the rCMR0, ...
Short frontal lobe connections of the human brain
... marginal sulcus (FMS). The connections between Broca and medial frontal areas (i.e. FAT) and those between the hand-knob motor region and post-central gyrus (PoCG) were found left lateralized in a group of twelve healthy right-handed subjects. The existence of these short frontal connections was con ...
... marginal sulcus (FMS). The connections between Broca and medial frontal areas (i.e. FAT) and those between the hand-knob motor region and post-central gyrus (PoCG) were found left lateralized in a group of twelve healthy right-handed subjects. The existence of these short frontal connections was con ...
Is the cerebellum involved in learning and cognition?
... of low frequency oscillators whose output varies sinusoidally for the duration of the CS. They propose that these oscillatory patterns may be generated by pre-cerebellar structures or between pre-cerebellar and cerebellar structures. The low frequency property of the oscillators effectively increase ...
... of low frequency oscillators whose output varies sinusoidally for the duration of the CS. They propose that these oscillatory patterns may be generated by pre-cerebellar structures or between pre-cerebellar and cerebellar structures. The low frequency property of the oscillators effectively increase ...
Précis of The Brain and Emotion
... medical disorders of these systems (such as altered emotional behavior after brain damage, depression, anxiety and addiction). It is because of the intended relevance to humans that emphasis is placed on research in non–human primates. It turns out that many of the brain systems involved in emotion ...
... medical disorders of these systems (such as altered emotional behavior after brain damage, depression, anxiety and addiction). It is because of the intended relevance to humans that emphasis is placed on research in non–human primates. It turns out that many of the brain systems involved in emotion ...
12 - PHSchool.com
... roughly 40% of total brain mass. Its many convolutions effectively triple its surface area. In the late 1800s, anatomists mapped subtle variations in the thickness and structure of the cerebral cortex. Most successful in these efforts was K. Brodmann, who in 1906 produced an elaborate numbered mosai ...
... roughly 40% of total brain mass. Its many convolutions effectively triple its surface area. In the late 1800s, anatomists mapped subtle variations in the thickness and structure of the cerebral cortex. Most successful in these efforts was K. Brodmann, who in 1906 produced an elaborate numbered mosai ...
Wrinkles, Wormholes, and Hamlet
... speakers, and much exercise of his own style” (2001:179). The “exercise” of stage plays, says Crane, churns out material change in the world from the collision of imitation and personal “style.” Plays are “material practice, analogous to other ‘real’ endeavors such as studies, trades, or sports whic ...
... speakers, and much exercise of his own style” (2001:179). The “exercise” of stage plays, says Crane, churns out material change in the world from the collision of imitation and personal “style.” Plays are “material practice, analogous to other ‘real’ endeavors such as studies, trades, or sports whic ...
Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Learning and Memory
... Pavlovian conditioning involves the learning of a relation between a neutral stimulus, the conditioned stimulus (CS), which on its own does not elicit a response, and an unconditioned stimulus (US), which on its own elicits an unconditioned response (UR). After CS–US pairings, the CS comes to elicit ...
... Pavlovian conditioning involves the learning of a relation between a neutral stimulus, the conditioned stimulus (CS), which on its own does not elicit a response, and an unconditioned stimulus (US), which on its own elicits an unconditioned response (UR). After CS–US pairings, the CS comes to elicit ...
Basal Ganglia and Cerebellar Inputs to `AIP`
... the extensive interconnections between AIP and PMv, we sought to examine whether these two cortical areas received inputs from common sources. PMv is the target of output from both the dentate and the internal segment of the globus pallidus (GPi) (Hoover and Strick, 1993; Dum and Strick, 2002). Whil ...
... the extensive interconnections between AIP and PMv, we sought to examine whether these two cortical areas received inputs from common sources. PMv is the target of output from both the dentate and the internal segment of the globus pallidus (GPi) (Hoover and Strick, 1993; Dum and Strick, 2002). Whil ...
Neuroanatomy of memory
The neuroanatomy of memory encompasses a wide variety of anatomical structures in the brain.