The influence of dispersal on zooplankton community structure and
... 2004; Worm et al. 2006). To remedy some of the global changes that have occurred, it is crucial that we make the effort to explore the basic drivers that shape community structure and species interactions. Expanding our knowledge of how ecological communities, which comprise our ecosystems, function ...
... 2004; Worm et al. 2006). To remedy some of the global changes that have occurred, it is crucial that we make the effort to explore the basic drivers that shape community structure and species interactions. Expanding our knowledge of how ecological communities, which comprise our ecosystems, function ...
COEXISTENCE OF TEMPORALLY PARTITIONED SPINY MICE
... russatus is driven into a diurnal activity mode by its ‘‘somewhat more vigorous’’ (albeit smaller) congener. That A. russatus shifts back to nocturnal activity in the absence of A. cahirinus implies that the two species compete, and that the fitness cost of diurnal activity for A. russatus is higher ...
... russatus is driven into a diurnal activity mode by its ‘‘somewhat more vigorous’’ (albeit smaller) congener. That A. russatus shifts back to nocturnal activity in the absence of A. cahirinus implies that the two species compete, and that the fitness cost of diurnal activity for A. russatus is higher ...
CBD
... flexible Integral Population Model approach (see the book by Kery and Schaub, Bayesian Population Analysis Using WinBugs). In 2016, the first empirical results from the Daphnia experimental system set up by Professor Sigurd Einum appeared. This system is excellent for parameterizing models describin ...
... flexible Integral Population Model approach (see the book by Kery and Schaub, Bayesian Population Analysis Using WinBugs). In 2016, the first empirical results from the Daphnia experimental system set up by Professor Sigurd Einum appeared. This system is excellent for parameterizing models describin ...
How fast do migratory songbirds have to adapt to keep pace with
... shifting nest placement based on prior experience with nest predators (adaptive behavioral response) or by evolving (adaptive genetic response) different nestsite preferences and avoiding habitat edges altogether (Martin 1998; Forstmeier and Weiss 2004; Chalfoun and Martin 2010; Halupka et al. 2014) ...
... shifting nest placement based on prior experience with nest predators (adaptive behavioral response) or by evolving (adaptive genetic response) different nestsite preferences and avoiding habitat edges altogether (Martin 1998; Forstmeier and Weiss 2004; Chalfoun and Martin 2010; Halupka et al. 2014) ...
Light, temperature and competition
... Many persons have contributed to this work. First of all I want to thank my main supervisor and co-supervisor, Raul Primicerio and Susanne Kortsch at the Nowergian College of Fishery Science, UiT the Arctic University of Norway. Without their knowledge, commitment and encouraging words this thesis c ...
... Many persons have contributed to this work. First of all I want to thank my main supervisor and co-supervisor, Raul Primicerio and Susanne Kortsch at the Nowergian College of Fishery Science, UiT the Arctic University of Norway. Without their knowledge, commitment and encouraging words this thesis c ...
Unit 30D Population and Community Dynamics
... Recall from Unit 30 C that all individuals of the same species possess a common genome, except for sex chromosomes (when present). However, each individual has a different genotype. Differences in genotypes and environmental influences account for differences among the phenotypes of individuals of t ...
... Recall from Unit 30 C that all individuals of the same species possess a common genome, except for sex chromosomes (when present). However, each individual has a different genotype. Differences in genotypes and environmental influences account for differences among the phenotypes of individuals of t ...
Environmental variation has stronger effects than plant genotype on
... comes from plants. For example, Trifolium repens exhibits fine-scale adaptation to competition with specific plant species (Turkington & Harper 1979), and even to specific genotypes within competing species (Aarssen & Turkington 1985). Recent studies also show that variation among plant genotypes ca ...
... comes from plants. For example, Trifolium repens exhibits fine-scale adaptation to competition with specific plant species (Turkington & Harper 1979), and even to specific genotypes within competing species (Aarssen & Turkington 1985). Recent studies also show that variation among plant genotypes ca ...
Environmental context determines multi-trophic effects of consumer species loss
... at both ambient and enriched nutrient conditions in a marine benthic system and tested for interactions between the loss of functional diversity and nutrient enrichment on ecosystem functioning. We found that enrichment interacted with food web structure to alter the effects of species loss in natur ...
... at both ambient and enriched nutrient conditions in a marine benthic system and tested for interactions between the loss of functional diversity and nutrient enrichment on ecosystem functioning. We found that enrichment interacted with food web structure to alter the effects of species loss in natur ...
The tortoise and the hare: ecology of angiosperm
... ex Carr) and widespread species (Pinus resinosa Ait., Thujaplicata Donn ex D.Don). Thus some conifers can survive and even thrive despite inbreeding and low genetic variability (Ledig & Conkle, 1983). Even if insect pollination could be shown to maintain greater genetic variation at low densities, i ...
... ex Carr) and widespread species (Pinus resinosa Ait., Thujaplicata Donn ex D.Don). Thus some conifers can survive and even thrive despite inbreeding and low genetic variability (Ledig & Conkle, 1983). Even if insect pollination could be shown to maintain greater genetic variation at low densities, i ...
The significance of inter- and intraspecific variation in bacterivorous
... high resolution video microscopy revealed that their feeding strategies and grazing rates are diverse. There is an important conceptual difference between uptake rates measured in short-term (min to h) experiments and grazing rates averaged over a longer-term (d). This is because the latter are stro ...
... high resolution video microscopy revealed that their feeding strategies and grazing rates are diverse. There is an important conceptual difference between uptake rates measured in short-term (min to h) experiments and grazing rates averaged over a longer-term (d). This is because the latter are stro ...
Variation in Population Synchrony in a Multi
... different populations of single species [1–5]. In contrast, synchrony among sympatric populations of different species has received much less attention [6–9]. In the limited number of studies examining synchrony in more than one species, variation in only a single demographic parameter, such as popu ...
... different populations of single species [1–5]. In contrast, synchrony among sympatric populations of different species has received much less attention [6–9]. In the limited number of studies examining synchrony in more than one species, variation in only a single demographic parameter, such as popu ...
species introduction and replacement among mosquitoes
... Abstract. Mechanisms by which an introduced container-dwelling mosquito, Aedes albopictus, may cause declines in a resident container-dwelling mosquito, Aedes aegypti, in South Florida were tested using a combination of field experiments and field observations. Field experiment 1 tested which specie ...
... Abstract. Mechanisms by which an introduced container-dwelling mosquito, Aedes albopictus, may cause declines in a resident container-dwelling mosquito, Aedes aegypti, in South Florida were tested using a combination of field experiments and field observations. Field experiment 1 tested which specie ...
Species evenness and productivity in experimental plant communities
... versus uncommon species may affect both evenness and the extent to which these mechanisms operate, because common and uncommon species may differ in their interspecific interactions. Competitive ability includes both the ability of an individual to reduce resources for others (competitive effect), a ...
... versus uncommon species may affect both evenness and the extent to which these mechanisms operate, because common and uncommon species may differ in their interspecific interactions. Competitive ability includes both the ability of an individual to reduce resources for others (competitive effect), a ...
The role of interspecific competition and hybridization in phenotypic
... processes. I found a complex pattern of sympatric convergence, divergence and parallel shifts in the different traits and species. This complexity may be a result of the interplay between gene flow and divergent and convergent natural selection affecting the traits. However, the Spanish sparrow stoo ...
... processes. I found a complex pattern of sympatric convergence, divergence and parallel shifts in the different traits and species. This complexity may be a result of the interplay between gene flow and divergent and convergent natural selection affecting the traits. However, the Spanish sparrow stoo ...
Growth strategies of ectothermic animals in temperate
... ectotherms this is particularly true. The life cycles of temperate ectotherms must be completed within the limits set by seasonality, and the timing of life history events will have a strong influence on fitness. For example, reproductive success typically depends on the occurrence of resources that ...
... ectotherms this is particularly true. The life cycles of temperate ectotherms must be completed within the limits set by seasonality, and the timing of life history events will have a strong influence on fitness. For example, reproductive success typically depends on the occurrence of resources that ...
Biological Control Through Intraguild Predation
... Interspecific interactions include competition and predation. The combination of these two is intraguild predation (IGP), defined as the killing or eating of species that use similar, often limiting, resources and are thus potential competitors (Polis et al., 1989). The importance and occurrence of ...
... Interspecific interactions include competition and predation. The combination of these two is intraguild predation (IGP), defined as the killing or eating of species that use similar, often limiting, resources and are thus potential competitors (Polis et al., 1989). The importance and occurrence of ...
early primary succession on mount st. helens: impact of insect
... and Schemske 1998). The number of seeds matured (i.e., after predispersal predation) was estimated by discounting each plant’s seed production by estimates of proportion of seeds damaged by chewing insects. Analyses.—For each of the three types of herbivore damage, leaf mining, caudex boring, and se ...
... and Schemske 1998). The number of seeds matured (i.e., after predispersal predation) was estimated by discounting each plant’s seed production by estimates of proportion of seeds damaged by chewing insects. Analyses.—For each of the three types of herbivore damage, leaf mining, caudex boring, and se ...
Metapopulation Ecology - Department of Ecology and Evolutionary
... made up of patches that are suitable for and accessible to the individuals in the species. Only some of the patches are occupied at a given instant, and there is limited migration between local populations. Several ecological processes characterise metapopulations: (1) frequent local extinction and ...
... made up of patches that are suitable for and accessible to the individuals in the species. Only some of the patches are occupied at a given instant, and there is limited migration between local populations. Several ecological processes characterise metapopulations: (1) frequent local extinction and ...
Influence of migratory ungulate management on competitive
... areas can influence organisms that are resident within them. For instance, a species that performs seasonal migrations between protected areas and areas where it is harvested may compete with resident protected species. The level of interspecific competition will be influenced by management strategi ...
... areas can influence organisms that are resident within them. For instance, a species that performs seasonal migrations between protected areas and areas where it is harvested may compete with resident protected species. The level of interspecific competition will be influenced by management strategi ...
b 2 - Videolectures
... Small patches remain small if the water resource is already exhausted by all other patches (even remote ones) ...
... Small patches remain small if the water resource is already exhausted by all other patches (even remote ones) ...
Predation in bird populations
... populations, with the costs of non-lethal effects being ubiquitous and usually dominant. This review explores these two ideas: that cases where there are no population effects due to predation, and cases where lethal effects dominate, are unusual and involve special circumstances. First, systems whe ...
... populations, with the costs of non-lethal effects being ubiquitous and usually dominant. This review explores these two ideas: that cases where there are no population effects due to predation, and cases where lethal effects dominate, are unusual and involve special circumstances. First, systems whe ...
changing competitive advantage Lethal effects of habitat
... can be profound, and are well documented for a broad range of ecosystems [7– 9]; however, the underlying mechanisms of change are often unknown. The interactions between organisms that share key resources can strongly influence growth, life-history characteristics, mortality and therefore species ab ...
... can be profound, and are well documented for a broad range of ecosystems [7– 9]; however, the underlying mechanisms of change are often unknown. The interactions between organisms that share key resources can strongly influence growth, life-history characteristics, mortality and therefore species ab ...