• Study Resource
  • Explore Categories
    • Arts & Humanities
    • Business
    • Engineering & Technology
    • Foreign Language
    • History
    • Math
    • Science
    • Social Science

    Top subcategories

    • Advanced Math
    • Algebra
    • Basic Math
    • Calculus
    • Geometry
    • Linear Algebra
    • Pre-Algebra
    • Pre-Calculus
    • Statistics And Probability
    • Trigonometry
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Astronomy
    • Astrophysics
    • Biology
    • Chemistry
    • Earth Science
    • Environmental Science
    • Health Science
    • Physics
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Anthropology
    • Law
    • Political Science
    • Psychology
    • Sociology
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Accounting
    • Economics
    • Finance
    • Management
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Aerospace Engineering
    • Bioengineering
    • Chemical Engineering
    • Civil Engineering
    • Computer Science
    • Electrical Engineering
    • Industrial Engineering
    • Mechanical Engineering
    • Web Design
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Architecture
    • Communications
    • English
    • Gender Studies
    • Music
    • Performing Arts
    • Philosophy
    • Religious Studies
    • Writing
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Ancient History
    • European History
    • US History
    • World History
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Croatian
    • Czech
    • Finnish
    • Greek
    • Hindi
    • Japanese
    • Korean
    • Persian
    • Swedish
    • Turkish
    • other →
 
Profile Documents Logout
Upload
Document
Document

... Determination of DNA sequence allows the researcher to determine genotype at the most fundamental level - the order of bases along the DNA molecule. This method uses DNA polymerase to synthesize new DNA strands in the presence of dideoxy nucleotides. Since these lack a 3’ OH group, whenever one is ...
Group presentations guide 10-4
Group presentations guide 10-4

... the production of proteins. If a cell's DNA is mutated, an abnormal protein may be produced, which can disrupt the body's usual processes and lead to a disease, such as cancer. The Human Genome Project The Human Genome Project, which was led at the National Institutes of Health, produced a very high ...
Chapter 5
Chapter 5

... I am now a product. In addition I am a glucose now. to what you know. I am a substrate. ...
Slides
Slides

... • 3’ and 5’ untranslated regions (UTRs) – Translation does not start or finish right at the ends of the mRNA – Contain information relevant to gene stability, etc ...
DNA: The Genetic Material
DNA: The Genetic Material

... Drill ...
biochem study guide
biochem study guide

... 7. Differentiate between the various levels of protein structure-primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary. Explain why proteins are so sensitive to changes in temperature and pH. 8. Diagram an individual nucleotide, identify the five-carbon sugar, the phosphate group and the nitrogenous base. 9. ...
Genetic Engineering
Genetic Engineering

... The simple addition, deletion, or manipulation of a single trait in an organism to create a desired change. ...
Proteins Chapter 3 pages 54-58
Proteins Chapter 3 pages 54-58

... QUESTION The myoglobin protein, which carries oxygen in muscle cells, only has the first three levels of protein structure (it lacks a quaternary level). From this you can conclude that myglobin: a)Is made of nucleic acids b)Is made of only one polypeptide chain c)Lacks hydrogen bonds d)Is not heli ...
Mechanism of ribonuclease
Mechanism of ribonuclease

... In the formation of 2’,3’ cyclic phosphate diester intermediate. • His 12 acts as general base and remove the proton from 2‘-hydroxy group of ribose. • This will increase the nucleophilic character of the oxygen atom. • His 119 will act as general acid and protonate one oxygen of the phosphate ...
1 The structure and replication of DNA
1 The structure and replication of DNA

... base. These nucleotides join together to form a sugar–phosphate backbone. - Base pairing occurs between the two strands of DNA between adenine, thymine and guanine, cytosine. These base pairs bond by weak hydrogen bonds. - The DNA helix is double stranded, and has an anti-parallel structure, with de ...
Phosphate group
Phosphate group

... • Ribose sugar • Phosphate group • 4 nitrogen bases o Adenine o Uracil o Guanine o Cytosine ...
How are animal proteins made from DNA?
How are animal proteins made from DNA?

... What is “transcription?” • A part of the DNA double helix within the nucleus is ________, cut by _______, and then copied onto a new ______ ______, called mRNA. This process is called ___________.” • Once the DNA is transcribed, the single strand moves from the ______ to a ________ in the _________ ...
Genes, Protein Synthesis, and Mutations
Genes, Protein Synthesis, and Mutations

... be produced, and ultimately the way the trait or cell product is formed. b. The “new” code may cause the organism to have a trait it never had before, cause it to lose a trait it once had, or change an existing trait. B. Mutations are not always negative. 1. Negative mutations a. If the mutation cau ...
Lecture notes: Genetics a.p.
Lecture notes: Genetics a.p.

... occurs when a nucleotide and its partner in the complementary DNA strand are replaced with another pair of nucleotides according to base-pairing rules  Missense mutation: Base-pair substitution that alters an amino acid codon (sense codon) to a new codon that codes for a different amino acid. These ...
The first midterm will consist of 20 four
The first midterm will consist of 20 four

... 7) A SNP is an example of a) a frame shift mutation 
b) transpositional control
 c) genetic regulation
 d) a genetic marker 8) The gene defect for both Huntington's Disease and Fragile-X syndrome consists of
 a) 
 a series of repeated nucleotide sequences
 b) a mispairing of base pairs
 c) a major ...
Foundations in Microbiology
Foundations in Microbiology

... conveyed to RNA molecules through the process of transcription. • The information contained in the RNA molecule is then used to produce proteins in the process of translation. ...
Honors Biology Final Outline
Honors Biology Final Outline

...  Chargaff’s Rules & the relationship to Watson & Crick’s proposed base-pairs  The central dogma for biological information: DNA, RNA, & Protein  The DNA of a gene serves as a template for transcribing this information into RNA (base pairing)  RNA must first be processed (introns, exons) in eukar ...
Biochemistry Notes Powerpoint presentation
Biochemistry Notes Powerpoint presentation

abstract
abstract

... Nucleic acid insights into present and past microbial activities in marine sediment William D Orsi, Aquaculture and Restoration Ecology Laboratory, University of Maryland Marine sediment contains the largest reservoir of reactive carbon on Earth, which represents a vast habitat for microbial life. H ...
dna and protein synthesis webquest
dna and protein synthesis webquest

... 5. Click on the link “Are you ready to transcribe a DNA sequence and translate it into a protein – Click here to begin” 6. Type in the correct mRNA sequence based on the DNA template. 7. Drag the cursor over the start codon and click. (Note: If you don’t remember what the start codon is, look it up ...
Nucleic Acid
Nucleic Acid

... • Pyrimidines have a single six-membered ring. • The three different pyrimidines, cytosine (C), thymine (T), and uracil (U) differ in atoms attached to the ring. • Purine have a six-membered ring joined to a fivemembered ring. • The two purines are adenine (A) and guanine (G). ...
Biology I - San Pedro Senior High
Biology I - San Pedro Senior High

... Cellular Transport ...
05E-NucleicAcids - Scranton Prep Biology
05E-NucleicAcids - Scranton Prep Biology

... • Pyrimidines have a single six-membered ring. • The three different pyrimidines, cytosine (C), thymine (T), and uracil (U) differ in atoms attached to the ring. • Purine have a six-membered ring joined to a fivemembered ring. • The two purines are adenine (A) and guanine (G). ...
Basic Chemistry - The Naked Science Society
Basic Chemistry - The Naked Science Society

... Cellular Transport ...
05E-NucleicAcids
05E-NucleicAcids

... • Pyrimidines have a single six-membered ring. • The three different pyrimidines, cytosine (C), thymine (T), and uracil (U) differ in atoms attached to the ring. • Purine have a six-membered ring joined to a fivemembered ring. • The two purines are adenine (A) and guanine (G). ...
< 1 ... 872 873 874 875 876 877 878 879 880 ... 1036 >

Nucleic acid analogue



Nucleic acid analogues are compounds which are analogous (structurally similar) to naturally occurring RNA and DNA, used in medicine and in molecular biology research.Nucleic acids are chains of nucleotides, which are composed of three parts: a phosphate backbone, a pucker-shaped pentose sugar, either ribose or deoxyribose, and one of four nucleobases.An analogue may have any of these altered. Typically the analogue nucleobases confer, among other things, different base pairing and base stacking properties. Examples include universal bases, which can pair with all four canonical bases, and phosphate-sugar backbone analogues such as PNA, which affect the properties of the chain (PNA can even form a triple helix).Nucleic acid analogues are also called Xeno Nucleic Acid and represent one of the main pillars of xenobiology, the design of new-to-nature forms of life based on alternative biochemistries.Artificial nucleic acids include peptide nucleic acid (PNA), Morpholino and locked nucleic acid (LNA), as well as glycol nucleic acid (GNA) and threose nucleic acid (TNA). Each of these is distinguished from naturally occurring DNA or RNA by changes to the backbone of the molecule.In May 2014, researchers announced that they had successfully introduced two new artificial nucleotides into bacterial DNA, and by including individual artificial nucleotides in the culture media, were able to passage the bacteria 24 times; they did not create mRNA or proteins able to use the artificial nucleotides. The artificial nucleotides featured 2 fused aromatic rings.
  • studyres.com © 2026
  • DMCA
  • Privacy
  • Terms
  • Report