• Study Resource
  • Explore Categories
    • Arts & Humanities
    • Business
    • Engineering & Technology
    • Foreign Language
    • History
    • Math
    • Science
    • Social Science

    Top subcategories

    • Advanced Math
    • Algebra
    • Basic Math
    • Calculus
    • Geometry
    • Linear Algebra
    • Pre-Algebra
    • Pre-Calculus
    • Statistics And Probability
    • Trigonometry
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Astronomy
    • Astrophysics
    • Biology
    • Chemistry
    • Earth Science
    • Environmental Science
    • Health Science
    • Physics
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Anthropology
    • Law
    • Political Science
    • Psychology
    • Sociology
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Accounting
    • Economics
    • Finance
    • Management
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Aerospace Engineering
    • Bioengineering
    • Chemical Engineering
    • Civil Engineering
    • Computer Science
    • Electrical Engineering
    • Industrial Engineering
    • Mechanical Engineering
    • Web Design
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Architecture
    • Communications
    • English
    • Gender Studies
    • Music
    • Performing Arts
    • Philosophy
    • Religious Studies
    • Writing
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Ancient History
    • European History
    • US History
    • World History
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Croatian
    • Czech
    • Finnish
    • Greek
    • Hindi
    • Japanese
    • Korean
    • Persian
    • Swedish
    • Turkish
    • other →
 
Profile Documents Logout
Upload
Document
Document

... • The “words” of the DNA “language” are triplets of bases called codons – 3 bases or nucleotides make one codon – Each codon specifies an amino acid – The codons in a gene specify the amino acid sequence of a polypeptide ...
to Unit 10 Notes
to Unit 10 Notes

... Introns – sequences in the DNA that are NOT used to make mRNA or to make a protein. They are NOT transcribed *  Exons – sequences in the DNA that are expressed or used to make mRNA and and ultimately are used to make a protein ...
Bioteh_Klonesana un in vivo inhenierija_2015
Bioteh_Klonesana un in vivo inhenierija_2015

... a | Nuclease-induced double-strand breaks (DSBs) can lead to sequence insertion, nucleotide correction or change (red box) through homology-directed repair (HDR) in the presence of a donor DNA or a single-strand oligodeoxynucleotide (ssODN), both of which contain homology arms. DSBs can also be repa ...
PowerPoint 演示文稿
PowerPoint 演示文稿

... parental phages. More recently, DNA has been used to transfect new properties into eukaryotic cells. ...
Genetics - DNA
Genetics - DNA

... The two are wound around each other giving DNA its double helix structure. The phosphate & sugar groups of each nucleotide are strung together end to end to form the back-bone of the DNA molecule. DNA contains 4 different types of bases A (Adenine), T (Thymine), C (Cytosine), G (Guanine). These base ...
Sex linked inheritance, sex linkage in Drosophila and man, XO, XY
Sex linked inheritance, sex linkage in Drosophila and man, XO, XY

... and serves as a breakpoint for the DNA deletion. A single base (boldface type) is altered in KS, aside from the deleted ...
Lecture 9 - Bacterial Genetics Chpt. 8
Lecture 9 - Bacterial Genetics Chpt. 8

... What are mutations? • Change in the base sequence of the DNA • Do they always change the genetic code? ...
Unit 4 exam - Geneti..
Unit 4 exam - Geneti..

... 7. A mutation occurs in a cell. Which sequence best represents the correct order of the events involved for this mutation to affect the traits expressed by this cell? A. joining amino acids in sequence  a change in the sequence of DNA bases  appearance of characteristic B. a change in the sequence ...
Towards DNA sequencing by force
Towards DNA sequencing by force

... How to detect states in such noise data? ...
DNA STRUCTURE (Sections 10.1 – 10.3)
DNA STRUCTURE (Sections 10.1 – 10.3)

... 4. All good students of biology should know the names of the two guys who created the double helix model of DNA – who are they? 5. What are the names of the other two people who were instrumental in this discovery, though they didn’t initially receive credit? 6. Describe Chargaff’s rule. 7. Label as ...
From DNA to Protein
From DNA to Protein

... proteins as the parent cell. A skin cell should be able to produce skin proteins, a hair follicle cell hair proteins. The linear polymer DNA with all the information about proteins can be easily duplicated in cell division. How does it work? To make new proteins, the living cell uses the genetic cod ...
Honors
Honors

... Molecules • All compounds are either organic or inorganic. • Organic compounds are made of carbon. • This is NOT the same organic from the food store or farmers market. ...
Chapter 10 Protein Synthesis
Chapter 10 Protein Synthesis

... B.TL occurs in the cytoplasm on Ribosomes C. TL is also called Protein Synthesis ...
Nervous System
Nervous System

...  It has a beginning (the “promoter”) and an end (the “termination signal”).  A gene holds the information (“recipe”) for making a specific polypeptide (protein). ...
Teacher practical Make your own protein Specification references
Teacher practical Make your own protein Specification references

... Provide students with a worksheet that explains how to build proteins using a DNA template. You will need to provide the DNA template and table to read the codons. One is supplied in the example data below, but could be customised to suit your equipment. You could introduce complexity by having a se ...
Chapter 17 Guided Notes
Chapter 17 Guided Notes

... o ____________________ of 64 triplets code for amino acids. o The codon AUG not only codes for the amino acid _____________________________ but also indicates the “__________________” or initiation of ______________________________. o Three codons do not indicate amino acids but are “_______________ ...
Protocol for T4 Polynucleotide Kinase, Cloned
Protocol for T4 Polynucleotide Kinase, Cloned

... 3′,5′-diphosphates to form a 3′ hydroxyl. T4 PNK has many uses, including labeling the 5′ ends of DNA or RNA with 32P for use in sequencing, as hybridization probes, or in transcript mapping with S1 nuclease or Mung Bean Nuclease. The enzyme can also be used to phosphorylate oligodeoxynucleotide lin ...
File
File

... 3. Molecule A contains the [1] (1) starch necessary for ribosome synthesis in the cytoplasm (2) organic substance that is broken down into molecules B, C, and D (3) proteins that form the ribosome in the cytoplasm (4) directions for the synthesis of molecules B, C, and D 4. Molecules B, C, and D ar ...
Information- Part 1 Study Guide
Information- Part 1 Study Guide

... (A) Viruses have highly efficient replicative capabilities that allow for rapid evolution and acquisition of new phenotypes. (B) Viruses replicate via a component assembly model allowing one virus to produce many progeny simultaneously via the lytic cycle. (C) Virus replication allows for mutations ...
UNIT 2: BIOCHEMISTRY/ENZYMES
UNIT 2: BIOCHEMISTRY/ENZYMES

... • Most also contain hydrogen • Associated with living things ...
“Command Center” because it houses all the genetic material in every
“Command Center” because it houses all the genetic material in every

... Genes are made up of DNA, and are responsible for determining all of the specific traits of an organism ...
Key for Practice Exam 4
Key for Practice Exam 4

... control the production of colicins. Colicins are secreted by E. coli cells and kill other bacteria lacking the ability to synthesize colicins. Why would these plasmids be particularly useful in recombinant DNA studies? 4 pts The genes that control the production of colicins can be used as selectable ...
DNA sequencing by the Sanger method
DNA sequencing by the Sanger method

... You begin at the right, which are the smallest DNA fragments. The sequence that you read will be in the 5'-3' direction. This sequence will be exactly the same as the RNA that would be generated to encode a protein. The difference is that the T bases in DNA will be replaced by U residues. As an exam ...
Document
Document

... 5. Suppose individuals 1 and 5 married. Assuming no recombination occurs within the region in question, how many potentially different patterns would be observed among their progeny on Southern blot analysis? a) only 1; b) 2; c) 3; d) 4 e) 6. ...
Ch 13 Genetic Engineering
Ch 13 Genetic Engineering

... Genetic engineering = making changes in the DNA code of a living organism • Extract DNA from cells • Cutting DNA with restriction enzymes • Separate DNA using gel electrophoresis • Identify the sequence using different dyes that attach to nitrogen bases • Make copies using polymerase chain reaction ...
< 1 ... 832 833 834 835 836 837 838 839 840 ... 1036 >

Nucleic acid analogue



Nucleic acid analogues are compounds which are analogous (structurally similar) to naturally occurring RNA and DNA, used in medicine and in molecular biology research.Nucleic acids are chains of nucleotides, which are composed of three parts: a phosphate backbone, a pucker-shaped pentose sugar, either ribose or deoxyribose, and one of four nucleobases.An analogue may have any of these altered. Typically the analogue nucleobases confer, among other things, different base pairing and base stacking properties. Examples include universal bases, which can pair with all four canonical bases, and phosphate-sugar backbone analogues such as PNA, which affect the properties of the chain (PNA can even form a triple helix).Nucleic acid analogues are also called Xeno Nucleic Acid and represent one of the main pillars of xenobiology, the design of new-to-nature forms of life based on alternative biochemistries.Artificial nucleic acids include peptide nucleic acid (PNA), Morpholino and locked nucleic acid (LNA), as well as glycol nucleic acid (GNA) and threose nucleic acid (TNA). Each of these is distinguished from naturally occurring DNA or RNA by changes to the backbone of the molecule.In May 2014, researchers announced that they had successfully introduced two new artificial nucleotides into bacterial DNA, and by including individual artificial nucleotides in the culture media, were able to passage the bacteria 24 times; they did not create mRNA or proteins able to use the artificial nucleotides. The artificial nucleotides featured 2 fused aromatic rings.
  • studyres.com © 2026
  • DMCA
  • Privacy
  • Terms
  • Report