Gene expression
... ANSWER: There are 64 possible codons, but only 20 amino acids. In most cases, a single amino acid is specified by more than one codon, and this is what is meant by redundancy. For example, tyrosine is specified by either UAU or UAC. ...
... ANSWER: There are 64 possible codons, but only 20 amino acids. In most cases, a single amino acid is specified by more than one codon, and this is what is meant by redundancy. For example, tyrosine is specified by either UAU or UAC. ...
Some Products Made Using Biotechnology
... DNA profiles can be used to determine whether a particular person is the parent of a child. A childs paternity (father) and maternity(mother) can be determined. This information can be used in ...
... DNA profiles can be used to determine whether a particular person is the parent of a child. A childs paternity (father) and maternity(mother) can be determined. This information can be used in ...
Chapter 3
... codon - sequence of three nucleotides in DNA or mRNA that specifies a particular amino acid during protein synthesis; also called triplet. Of the 64 possible codons, three are stop codons, which do not specify amino acids complementary DNA (cDNA) - DNA that is synthesized in the laboratory from a me ...
... codon - sequence of three nucleotides in DNA or mRNA that specifies a particular amino acid during protein synthesis; also called triplet. Of the 64 possible codons, three are stop codons, which do not specify amino acids complementary DNA (cDNA) - DNA that is synthesized in the laboratory from a me ...
Document
... Proteins consist of polypeptide chains The chains are sequences of amino acids that correspond to sequences of nucleotide bases in DNA called genes ...
... Proteins consist of polypeptide chains The chains are sequences of amino acids that correspond to sequences of nucleotide bases in DNA called genes ...
From DNA to Protein
... The chains are sequences of amino acids that correspond to sequences of nucleotide bases in DNA called genes The path leading from genes to proteins has two steps: transcription and translation ...
... The chains are sequences of amino acids that correspond to sequences of nucleotide bases in DNA called genes The path leading from genes to proteins has two steps: transcription and translation ...
Key for Exam 1 Part 1 - Evolutionary Biology
... and DNA has four (D) RNA is a single strand polynucleotide and DNA is a double strand (E) RNA molecules are smaller than chromosomal DNA molecules 35. In the double helix of DNA, what belongs on the complimentary DNA strand opposite adenine? (A) thyamine (B) adenine (C) cytosine (D) guanine (E) urac ...
... and DNA has four (D) RNA is a single strand polynucleotide and DNA is a double strand (E) RNA molecules are smaller than chromosomal DNA molecules 35. In the double helix of DNA, what belongs on the complimentary DNA strand opposite adenine? (A) thyamine (B) adenine (C) cytosine (D) guanine (E) urac ...
013368718X_CH15_229-246.indd
... For Questions 1–5, write True if the statement is true. If the statement is false, change the underlined word or words to make the statement true. ...
... For Questions 1–5, write True if the statement is true. If the statement is false, change the underlined word or words to make the statement true. ...
T. Hill
... A light-emitting DNA probe can also be used for detection of the PCR product. Various probe designs exist but use the bringing together or separation of two fluorophores (when the DNA probe binds to the target) and exploit the transfer of fluorescence resonance energy between them (excitation of one ...
... A light-emitting DNA probe can also be used for detection of the PCR product. Various probe designs exist but use the bringing together or separation of two fluorophores (when the DNA probe binds to the target) and exploit the transfer of fluorescence resonance energy between them (excitation of one ...
The structure of DNA
... DNA is a double helix. Each strand is made of nucleotides. The two linear strands of a DNA molecule are bound together by complementary pairing of the nucleotides. ...
... DNA is a double helix. Each strand is made of nucleotides. The two linear strands of a DNA molecule are bound together by complementary pairing of the nucleotides. ...
Basic Concepts of Human Genetics
... ⎯ The human genome has about 3x109 bps in length. ⎯ 97% of the human genome is non-coding regions called introns. 3% is responsible for controlling the human genetic behavior. The coding region is called extron. ⎯ There are totally about 40,000 genes, over 5000 have been identified. There are much m ...
... ⎯ The human genome has about 3x109 bps in length. ⎯ 97% of the human genome is non-coding regions called introns. 3% is responsible for controlling the human genetic behavior. The coding region is called extron. ⎯ There are totally about 40,000 genes, over 5000 have been identified. There are much m ...
Exemplar exam questions – Chapter 7, Nucleic acids and proteins
... secondary structure is held in place by many weak hydrogen bonds. Tertiary structure is formed when the secondary structure is further folded into a three-dimensional arrangement held in place by disulfide bridges. Some proteins have quaternary structure, which occurs when several subunits with tert ...
... secondary structure is held in place by many weak hydrogen bonds. Tertiary structure is formed when the secondary structure is further folded into a three-dimensional arrangement held in place by disulfide bridges. Some proteins have quaternary structure, which occurs when several subunits with tert ...
Using a Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP)
... • For a variation to be considered a SNP, it must occur in at least 1% of the population. • SNPs, which make up about 90% of all human genetic variation, occur every 100 to 300 bases along the 3-billion-base human genome. ...
... • For a variation to be considered a SNP, it must occur in at least 1% of the population. • SNPs, which make up about 90% of all human genetic variation, occur every 100 to 300 bases along the 3-billion-base human genome. ...
Topic 4.4 genetic engineering
... 4.4.8 Outline a basic technique used for gene transfer involving plasmids, a host cell ( bacterium, yeast or other cell), restriction enzymes and DNA ligase. [ The use of E. coli in gene technology is well documented. Most of its DNA is in one circular chromosome, but it also has plasmids ( smaller ...
... 4.4.8 Outline a basic technique used for gene transfer involving plasmids, a host cell ( bacterium, yeast or other cell), restriction enzymes and DNA ligase. [ The use of E. coli in gene technology is well documented. Most of its DNA is in one circular chromosome, but it also has plasmids ( smaller ...
Chemistry
... Single strand RNA’s sugar ribose does not contain oxygen. RNA does not contain the nitrogenous base thymine, instead it contains Uracil. RNA has a specific role to perform with DNA in protein synthesis. ...
... Single strand RNA’s sugar ribose does not contain oxygen. RNA does not contain the nitrogenous base thymine, instead it contains Uracil. RNA has a specific role to perform with DNA in protein synthesis. ...
Nucleic Acids
... When RNA is produced initially from the gene is still not ready to be used in translation yet. It is known as Pre-mRNA, primary transcript or heterogenous nuclear hn RNA. It needs to be processed first. This occurs in the nucleus. DNA is formed from o Exons – parts of the DNA that will be tran ...
... When RNA is produced initially from the gene is still not ready to be used in translation yet. It is known as Pre-mRNA, primary transcript or heterogenous nuclear hn RNA. It needs to be processed first. This occurs in the nucleus. DNA is formed from o Exons – parts of the DNA that will be tran ...
Genetic Engineering
... the patient and mixed with a virus that contains the normal gene which codes for the production of this enzyme. The virus enters the white blood cells, carrying with it the normal gene. These genetically engineered white blood cells are returned to the patient. This treatment serves only temporarily ...
... the patient and mixed with a virus that contains the normal gene which codes for the production of this enzyme. The virus enters the white blood cells, carrying with it the normal gene. These genetically engineered white blood cells are returned to the patient. This treatment serves only temporarily ...
Document
... Energy - organisms must make or obtain energy (food) – ‘metabolism’ Cells - all living things are made of cells or at least one cell (unicellular) Respond - responding to stimuli such as temperature, pH, needs such as food,….etc. Viruses - They are NOT alive. They do not meet all of the HOGRECR - An ...
... Energy - organisms must make or obtain energy (food) – ‘metabolism’ Cells - all living things are made of cells or at least one cell (unicellular) Respond - responding to stimuli such as temperature, pH, needs such as food,….etc. Viruses - They are NOT alive. They do not meet all of the HOGRECR - An ...
Nucleic acid analogue
Nucleic acid analogues are compounds which are analogous (structurally similar) to naturally occurring RNA and DNA, used in medicine and in molecular biology research.Nucleic acids are chains of nucleotides, which are composed of three parts: a phosphate backbone, a pucker-shaped pentose sugar, either ribose or deoxyribose, and one of four nucleobases.An analogue may have any of these altered. Typically the analogue nucleobases confer, among other things, different base pairing and base stacking properties. Examples include universal bases, which can pair with all four canonical bases, and phosphate-sugar backbone analogues such as PNA, which affect the properties of the chain (PNA can even form a triple helix).Nucleic acid analogues are also called Xeno Nucleic Acid and represent one of the main pillars of xenobiology, the design of new-to-nature forms of life based on alternative biochemistries.Artificial nucleic acids include peptide nucleic acid (PNA), Morpholino and locked nucleic acid (LNA), as well as glycol nucleic acid (GNA) and threose nucleic acid (TNA). Each of these is distinguished from naturally occurring DNA or RNA by changes to the backbone of the molecule.In May 2014, researchers announced that they had successfully introduced two new artificial nucleotides into bacterial DNA, and by including individual artificial nucleotides in the culture media, were able to passage the bacteria 24 times; they did not create mRNA or proteins able to use the artificial nucleotides. The artificial nucleotides featured 2 fused aromatic rings.