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B2 Remediation Packet
B2 Remediation Packet

... is built. An enzyme called RNA polymerase binds to DNA and separates the DNA strands. It then uses one strand of DNA as a template from which nucleotides are assembled into a strand of mRNA. ...
Slide
Slide

... is being carried out with delinquent prospective parents. Charles S. and Caril Ann F. have been arrested on charges of robbery and assault, and Caril Ann is pregnant with Charle s’s child. You obtain DNA samples from Charles, Caril Ann, and the fetus, and on each you per-form two Southern blots usin ...
ESSAY 1: CONCEPTION
ESSAY 1: CONCEPTION

... There are many ethical and biological concerns with doing this. I don’t think it would be considered right, especially religiously, to ‘edit’ people and try to control their lives. Even as someone who doesn’t really believe in God, it is still not okay to choose and set your child’s destiny. It shou ...
Protein Nucleic Acids - Sewanhaka Central High School District
Protein Nucleic Acids - Sewanhaka Central High School District

... • Enzyme names end with the -ase suffix, • the -ase suffix is added to the substrate name. • For example, sucrase is the enzyme that breaks down the substrate sucrose, a disaccharide, into the monosaccharides glucose and ...
protein synthesis worksheet
protein synthesis worksheet

... Grab a Book!!! Turn to Section 11.3 13. What is any change in the DNA sequence called? ______________________________ 14. Any agent that causes a mutation would be called a _______________________________. 15. What are some examples of things that cause mutations? 16. What are the two types of DNA o ...
Exam 2a - web.biosci.utexas.edu
Exam 2a - web.biosci.utexas.edu

... There are a total of 100 points. It will count as one third of your final grade. Place your name at the top of each page and check that your exam is complete. Answer ALL questions. Be brief and precise in your answers. Do not ramble! Choose the BEST answer, circle the appropriate answer, fill in the ...
II. Lecture Section 2 CELL SPECIALIZATION: Regulation of
II. Lecture Section 2 CELL SPECIALIZATION: Regulation of

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Genetics notes
Genetics notes

Lecture 1: Fundamentals of Protein Structure
Lecture 1: Fundamentals of Protein Structure

Stem cells - Plain Local Schools
Stem cells - Plain Local Schools

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Cell Cycle - Humble ISD
Cell Cycle - Humble ISD

... • The _________________ always the same. phosphate The component that differs is the nitrogenous bases (or nitrogen base). ...
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How do viruses differ?

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Chapter 4 DNA, RNA, and the Flow of Genetic Information
Chapter 4 DNA, RNA, and the Flow of Genetic Information

... time intervals during the growth of the bacteria, representing different stages of replication (generations). They examined the DNA using density-gradient equilibrium sedimentation and observed that no “heavy” DNA was present in the first generation, but that the DNA was intermediate between light a ...
Chapter 15 - jl041.k12.sd.us
Chapter 15 - jl041.k12.sd.us

... Prokaryotes have only one DNA molecule (circular and not protected by nuclear envelope) and this DNA molecule is not bound up with histones. Thus, gene regulation in prokaryotes is unique. One of the best known pathways of gene recognition is the lac Operon, a regulatory pathway by which bacteria ar ...
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Biomolecules … another worksheet

... _______________________ 2. Animal fat, corn oil, cholesterol, chlorophyll, and bee’s wax, olive oil, whale blubber _______________________ 3. Meat, hair, skin, muscle, enzymes _______________________ 4. Information molecules like DNA & RNA, energy transfer molecules like ATP ...
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The Chemistry of Life
The Chemistry of Life

... 3.2.4 State one function of glucose, lactose and glycogen in animals, and of fructose, sucrose and cellulose in plants. 3.2.5 Outline the role of condensation and hydrolysis in the relationships between monosaccharides, disaccharides and polysaccharides; between fatty acids, glycerol and triglyceri ...
Question about phospholipids:
Question about phospholipids:

... Histidine (H) are two of the amino acids important for binding the substrate? R and H both have positively charged sidechains. It makes sense that they would be able to form interactions with the negatively charged phosphate groups in the backbone of DNA/ RNA molecules and thus help the enzyme bind ...
Lab 5 minipreps
Lab 5 minipreps

... proteins that recognize and bind to specific DNA sequences and cut the DNA at or near the recognition site. Restriction enzymes were originally discovered through their ability to break down, or "restrict" foreign DNA. In their natural environment, the bacterial cell, they serve a protective functio ...
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Pre – AP Biology
Pre – AP Biology

... – Need to then attach a promoter sequence (expression vector) at the beginning of the c DNA molecule so that a transcription complex (“factory”) can be build. – Then attach “sticky end” sequences and insert into the bacteria to start production. ...
1. Explain the importance of the fossil record to the study of evolution.
1. Explain the importance of the fossil record to the study of evolution.

... Protein comparison  similarities in amino acid sequences of two proteins from different species indicates that the genes for those proteins evolved from a common gene present in a shared ancestor DNA and RNA comparisons  a. DNA-DNA hybridization – compares whole genomes by measuring the degree of ...
Cell: • Small, membrane-enclosed unit • Filled with a concentrated
Cell: • Small, membrane-enclosed unit • Filled with a concentrated

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Nucleic acid analogue



Nucleic acid analogues are compounds which are analogous (structurally similar) to naturally occurring RNA and DNA, used in medicine and in molecular biology research.Nucleic acids are chains of nucleotides, which are composed of three parts: a phosphate backbone, a pucker-shaped pentose sugar, either ribose or deoxyribose, and one of four nucleobases.An analogue may have any of these altered. Typically the analogue nucleobases confer, among other things, different base pairing and base stacking properties. Examples include universal bases, which can pair with all four canonical bases, and phosphate-sugar backbone analogues such as PNA, which affect the properties of the chain (PNA can even form a triple helix).Nucleic acid analogues are also called Xeno Nucleic Acid and represent one of the main pillars of xenobiology, the design of new-to-nature forms of life based on alternative biochemistries.Artificial nucleic acids include peptide nucleic acid (PNA), Morpholino and locked nucleic acid (LNA), as well as glycol nucleic acid (GNA) and threose nucleic acid (TNA). Each of these is distinguished from naturally occurring DNA or RNA by changes to the backbone of the molecule.In May 2014, researchers announced that they had successfully introduced two new artificial nucleotides into bacterial DNA, and by including individual artificial nucleotides in the culture media, were able to passage the bacteria 24 times; they did not create mRNA or proteins able to use the artificial nucleotides. The artificial nucleotides featured 2 fused aromatic rings.
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