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Chapter 4 • Lesson 26
Chapter 4 • Lesson 26

... Cloning might also be used together with recombinant DNA to produce medically or commercially valuable substances. For example, recombinant DNA could be used to make goats whose milk contains valuable proteins. The goats could then be cloned to produce a new population of goats that would produce mi ...
Mutation, repair, and recombination
Mutation, repair, and recombination

... •The mutation is a frameshift mutation. •The amino acid change is conservative. •The amino acid change is silent. •This organism displays no codon bias. ...
DNA Packaging
DNA Packaging

... Higher-order DNA compaction in a eukaryotic chromosome. This model shows the levels of organization that could provide the observed degree of DNA compaction in the chromosomes of eukaryotes. First the DNA is wrapped around histone octamers, then H1 stimulates formation of the 30 nm filament. Further ...
Unit 2 Biomolecules NGSS
Unit 2 Biomolecules NGSS

... nucleic acids) using unique characteristics and primary functions. ...
Chapter 20~ DNA Technology & Genomics
Chapter 20~ DNA Technology & Genomics

... RFLP / electrophoresis use in forensics • 1st case successfully using DNA evidence ...
The Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) provides an extremely
The Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) provides an extremely

Inquiry into Life Twelfth Edition
Inquiry into Life Twelfth Edition

... • Comparison of different s gene sequences reveals 4 regions of similarity among a wide variety of sources • Subregions 2.4 and 4.2 are involved in promoter -10 box and -35 box recognition • The s-factor by itself cannot bind to DNA, but DNA interaction with core unmasks a DNAbinding region of s • R ...
• Will a base pair substitution, addition or deletion cause a
• Will a base pair substitution, addition or deletion cause a

... Retrieval of Genetic Information: Central to any information storage system is the ability to access and retrieve the information and to convert it to a usable form. In addition to the sequence information that will be translated into protein via the triplet code, a gene also contains sequence infor ...
Recombinant DNA II
Recombinant DNA II

... and causing insertion or deletion during DNA replication or recombination. Other examples: Ethidium Bromide, DAPI. ...
Photosynthesis - Mrs. Brenner's Biology
Photosynthesis - Mrs. Brenner's Biology

... • Cloning is the production of identical copies of DNA, cells, or organisms  Members of a bacterial colony on a petri dish are clones because they all came from division of the same cell.  Identical twins are clones • A single embryo separates to become two. ...
Chapter 1 - bYTEBoss
Chapter 1 - bYTEBoss

... • It is easier to use DNA to exclude a person from suspicion than to prove that the person is the only suspect. • The Innocence Project reports that three times more suspects are proven innocent by DNA analysis than are proven guilty. • The loci used for DNA matches must be chosen to minimize the ch ...
all atom and coarse grained dna simulation studies
all atom and coarse grained dna simulation studies

... DNA helix is a sequence of nucleotides, monomer units of DNA. Each nucleotide is composed of three fundamental parts: a nitrogen-rich base, sugar and phosphate group (Figure 1a). One strand of DNA if formed by successive nucleotides that are connected together via phosphate groups. As the DNA strand ...
DNA - PROTEIN SYNTHESIS: Quick Check In this activity, you have
DNA - PROTEIN SYNTHESIS: Quick Check In this activity, you have

... DNA - PROTEIN SYNTHESIS: Quick Check In this activity, you have done DNA translation as a code-deciphering process, but you were asked to follow intermediate steps much the way molecular intermediaries in our cells do it. In order to check your understanding of the cellular players in the real proce ...
Amino Acids, Peptides and Proteins
Amino Acids, Peptides and Proteins

... 7. The protein ______ participates in oxygen dispersal in muscle. 8. A polypeptide can fold into an individual unit of structure called a ______________. 9. A protein that contains more than one subunit is called ______. 10. A secondary structure which forms a coiled shape with a specific repeating ...
Have Good Genes in a Good Environment in Early
Have Good Genes in a Good Environment in Early

Replication of the DNA
Replication of the DNA

chapter 16: the molecular basis of inheritance
chapter 16: the molecular basis of inheritance

... 10) Explain how RNA polymerase recognizes where transcription should begin. Describe the promoter, the terminator, and the transcription unit. 11) Explain the general process of transcription, including the three major steps of initiation, elongation, and termination. 12) Explain how RNA is modified ...
More on Genetics2013
More on Genetics2013

... ________________________-DNA produced by combining DNA from different sources __________________In the process of transforming bacteria,the foreign DNA is joined to this small,circular DNA _____________________-contain genes plasmids from other species---used for making insulin…. clone A ___________ ...
Construction and stable transformation of Tetrahymena
Construction and stable transformation of Tetrahymena

... of these genes in lifecycle by using functional complementation analysis based on phenotype with transfering genomic DNA library into mutant Tetrahymena cells using AC based vectors. There is no published literature describing an artificial chromosome for T.thermophila, Therefore, the aim of this st ...
03g - Protein Synth other roles of DNA
03g - Protein Synth other roles of DNA

... Incoming aminoacyltRNA hydrogen bonds via its anticodon to complementary mRNA sequence (codon) at the A site on the ribosome. ...
Structure of the human DNA repair gene HAP1 and its localisation to
Structure of the human DNA repair gene HAP1 and its localisation to

... principally because the gene contains only four introns of which three are less than 220 bp in length. One of these introns lies within the 5' non-coding region and thus the ATG initiation codon is located within the second exon. Amino terminal amino acid sequencing indicated that the proposed ATG i ...
Document
Document

... C15. If a mutation within the germ line is passed to an offspring, all the cells of the offspring’s body will carry the mutation. A somatic mutation affects only the somatic cell in which it originated and all of the daughter cells that the somatic cell produced. If a somatic mutation occurs early d ...
C1. A. G→A, which is a transition. B. T→G, which is a transversion. C
C1. A. G→A, which is a transition. B. T→G, which is a transversion. C

... C15. If a mutation within the germ line is passed to an offspring, all the cells of the offspring’s body will carry the mutation. A somatic mutation affects only the somatic cell in which it originated and all of the daughter cells that the somatic cell produced. If a somatic mutation occurs early d ...
Slide 1
Slide 1

...  The long stretches of noncoding regions of DNA are unique to each individual.  DNA fingerprinting involves separating these DNA fragments to observe the distinct banding patterns that are unique to every individual. ...
Chemistry of Living Things
Chemistry of Living Things

... Organic compounds: contain the elements Carbon and Hydrogen with Carbon-Carbon Bonds Ex. Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins Inorganic compounds: Compounds that do not contain Carbon and Hydrogen Ex. NaCl-salt H2O-Water Macromolecules: large molecules formed by the joining of smaller compounds in a proc ...
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Nucleic acid analogue



Nucleic acid analogues are compounds which are analogous (structurally similar) to naturally occurring RNA and DNA, used in medicine and in molecular biology research.Nucleic acids are chains of nucleotides, which are composed of three parts: a phosphate backbone, a pucker-shaped pentose sugar, either ribose or deoxyribose, and one of four nucleobases.An analogue may have any of these altered. Typically the analogue nucleobases confer, among other things, different base pairing and base stacking properties. Examples include universal bases, which can pair with all four canonical bases, and phosphate-sugar backbone analogues such as PNA, which affect the properties of the chain (PNA can even form a triple helix).Nucleic acid analogues are also called Xeno Nucleic Acid and represent one of the main pillars of xenobiology, the design of new-to-nature forms of life based on alternative biochemistries.Artificial nucleic acids include peptide nucleic acid (PNA), Morpholino and locked nucleic acid (LNA), as well as glycol nucleic acid (GNA) and threose nucleic acid (TNA). Each of these is distinguished from naturally occurring DNA or RNA by changes to the backbone of the molecule.In May 2014, researchers announced that they had successfully introduced two new artificial nucleotides into bacterial DNA, and by including individual artificial nucleotides in the culture media, were able to passage the bacteria 24 times; they did not create mRNA or proteins able to use the artificial nucleotides. The artificial nucleotides featured 2 fused aromatic rings.
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