Population ecology of the Three-toed Woodpecker under
... development and prey abundance, and its variability in time and space are key factors in understanding individual responses and population processes in the woodpecker. In agreement with previous studies of factors limiting forest bird populations, I found the woodpecker breeding density and success ...
... development and prey abundance, and its variability in time and space are key factors in understanding individual responses and population processes in the woodpecker. In agreement with previous studies of factors limiting forest bird populations, I found the woodpecker breeding density and success ...
Invasion in a heterogeneous world: resistance, coexistence or
... Our focus is the effect on invasions of heterogeneity per se, such as might be quantified by the statistical variance. There are different types of heterogeneity. One important distinction is between environmental (or abiotic) heterogeneity vs. biotic heterogeneity. Environmental heterogeneity is va ...
... Our focus is the effect on invasions of heterogeneity per se, such as might be quantified by the statistical variance. There are different types of heterogeneity. One important distinction is between environmental (or abiotic) heterogeneity vs. biotic heterogeneity. Environmental heterogeneity is va ...
Integrative and Comparative Biology
... Experimental physiologists have borrowed the toxicological concept of determining the concentrations at which a physiological parameter produces effects on organismal functioning, behavior, health, or fitness (Peek et al. 2002; Romero et al. 2009; Costantini et al. 2010), hereafter designated as dos ...
... Experimental physiologists have borrowed the toxicological concept of determining the concentrations at which a physiological parameter produces effects on organismal functioning, behavior, health, or fitness (Peek et al. 2002; Romero et al. 2009; Costantini et al. 2010), hereafter designated as dos ...
Issues of Elk Productivity for Research and
... Elk (Cervus elaphus) populations in western North America have been intensively managed for the past century. The species’ popular appeal as an animal for hunting and viewing, and its potential to damage agricultural crops and compete with livestock make it a species that is closely scrutinized by m ...
... Elk (Cervus elaphus) populations in western North America have been intensively managed for the past century. The species’ popular appeal as an animal for hunting and viewing, and its potential to damage agricultural crops and compete with livestock make it a species that is closely scrutinized by m ...
BIO 315 MART Perfect Education-bio315mart.com
... What is your personal definition of ecology? How do the definitions of ecology presented by Essentials of Ecology and the one proposed by Ernst Haeckel vary? Which of these previous definitions of ecology do you agree with and why? ...
... What is your personal definition of ecology? How do the definitions of ecology presented by Essentials of Ecology and the one proposed by Ernst Haeckel vary? Which of these previous definitions of ecology do you agree with and why? ...
Modelling the distribution and interaction of introduced rodents on
... that it is undetected (a spatial error). This error may vary with other factors measured (area, settlement history, species type) or unmeasured (island visitation rate, sampling effort) in the study. Measurement of such error would be difficult (McArdle et al., 1990). The co-occurrence of species pr ...
... that it is undetected (a spatial error). This error may vary with other factors measured (area, settlement history, species type) or unmeasured (island visitation rate, sampling effort) in the study. Measurement of such error would be difficult (McArdle et al., 1990). The co-occurrence of species pr ...
Mesopredator Release and Prey Abundance: Reply to Litvaitis
... and raccoons because wolves were extirpated nearly two centuries ago. However, decline or extinction of other potential intraguild predators of foxes and raccoons should also have been considered before speculating on the subject. For example, foxes and raccoons could be killed by coyotes (RaIls & ...
... and raccoons because wolves were extirpated nearly two centuries ago. However, decline or extinction of other potential intraguild predators of foxes and raccoons should also have been considered before speculating on the subject. For example, foxes and raccoons could be killed by coyotes (RaIls & ...
reviews - Gary Bucciarelli
... Fig. 1. The potential consequences of a nonnative species being introduced into an ecosystem that includes native amphibian species. Known invasion outcomes are presented across the top of the figure. The long term effects of a nonnative invasion are played out through time under each outcome. ...
... Fig. 1. The potential consequences of a nonnative species being introduced into an ecosystem that includes native amphibian species. Known invasion outcomes are presented across the top of the figure. The long term effects of a nonnative invasion are played out through time under each outcome. ...
Coevolution of Cycads and Dinosaurs
... Quammen 1996) where isolated populations gave rise to great taxonomic diversity, with each taxon having very restricted range. Lacking large animals to disperse their seeds, cycad populations became genetically isolated much like populations of plants and animals that become separated by vast stretc ...
... Quammen 1996) where isolated populations gave rise to great taxonomic diversity, with each taxon having very restricted range. Lacking large animals to disperse their seeds, cycad populations became genetically isolated much like populations of plants and animals that become separated by vast stretc ...
Trophic complementarity drives the biodiversityecosystem
... (2008) to focus on coexistence mechanisms at the intermediate trophic level. Predators only experience density-dependent mortality, in the form of the aP per capita rate. In this article, these assumptions are conserved because they allow focusing on productivity, and as they promote coexistence, to ...
... (2008) to focus on coexistence mechanisms at the intermediate trophic level. Predators only experience density-dependent mortality, in the form of the aP per capita rate. In this article, these assumptions are conserved because they allow focusing on productivity, and as they promote coexistence, to ...
Phylogenetic diversity of plants alters the effect of species
... variety of nutritional resources for generalist herbivores, which may prefer to eat in diverse patches, and may thrive more in them too (Unsicker et al., 2008; Schuldt & Baruffol, 2010). I will refer to this idea as the Dietary Mixing Hypothesis (after Bernays et al., 1994). Unfortunately, previous ...
... variety of nutritional resources for generalist herbivores, which may prefer to eat in diverse patches, and may thrive more in them too (Unsicker et al., 2008; Schuldt & Baruffol, 2010). I will refer to this idea as the Dietary Mixing Hypothesis (after Bernays et al., 1994). Unfortunately, previous ...
ppt檔案
... 1. Replicate—perform each treatment more than once. 2. Assign treatments at random. 3. Statistical analysis is used to determine significant effects. Replication: As the number of replicates increases, it becomes less likely that the results were actually due to a variable that was not measured or ...
... 1. Replicate—perform each treatment more than once. 2. Assign treatments at random. 3. Statistical analysis is used to determine significant effects. Replication: As the number of replicates increases, it becomes less likely that the results were actually due to a variable that was not measured or ...
Branches in the lines of descent: Charles
... importance by Mayr (1942, 1963, 1970), in the formation of new species, including its greater importance in vagile, sexually reproducing organisms (including most birds, the group on which Mayr conducted most of his empirical research). Nor should it be assumed that Darwin’s reference to the formati ...
... importance by Mayr (1942, 1963, 1970), in the formation of new species, including its greater importance in vagile, sexually reproducing organisms (including most birds, the group on which Mayr conducted most of his empirical research). Nor should it be assumed that Darwin’s reference to the formati ...
TISSIER-THESIS - eCommons@USASK
... multidimensional scaling ordination, and examined their associations with different environmental conditions and plant traits. Multivariate analyses indicated a strong relationship between community composition and distance from shore. Slope was the most important variable affecting whether a plot h ...
... multidimensional scaling ordination, and examined their associations with different environmental conditions and plant traits. Multivariate analyses indicated a strong relationship between community composition and distance from shore. Slope was the most important variable affecting whether a plot h ...
Adopting adoption - Santa Fe Institute
... position of adopting families may also influence the tendency of adoptees to adopt in the future. If adoption is common in a particular region of the colony, young within this region, including adoptees, may learn by observation, and the tendency to adopt may diffuse from this locality. The more ado ...
... position of adopting families may also influence the tendency of adoptees to adopt in the future. If adoption is common in a particular region of the colony, young within this region, including adoptees, may learn by observation, and the tendency to adopt may diffuse from this locality. The more ado ...
The intraspecific scaling of metabolic rate with body mass in fishes
... for animals and plants, both within and between species (Bokma 2004; Glazier 2005; White et al. 2006; Seibel 2007; Makarieva et al. 2008). A key question is to what extent is this variation just statistical ÔnoiseÕ about an average scaling relationship, compared with systematic variation that could ...
... for animals and plants, both within and between species (Bokma 2004; Glazier 2005; White et al. 2006; Seibel 2007; Makarieva et al. 2008). A key question is to what extent is this variation just statistical ÔnoiseÕ about an average scaling relationship, compared with systematic variation that could ...
Pages 304-308 - Lakeland Regional High School
... Genetic diversity • Encompasses the differences in DNA among individuals within species and populations • The raw material for adaptation to local conditions - May decrease as species adapt to local conditions ...
... Genetic diversity • Encompasses the differences in DNA among individuals within species and populations • The raw material for adaptation to local conditions - May decrease as species adapt to local conditions ...
Integrating spatial and temporal approaches to understanding
... approach generates spatial patterns, in part, from the clustering of individuals in two-dimensional space (Harte et al. 2008, 2009). To generate spatio-temporal predictions, we can consider time as a third dimension and then predict the probability of individuals occurring in blocks of different siz ...
... approach generates spatial patterns, in part, from the clustering of individuals in two-dimensional space (Harte et al. 2008, 2009). To generate spatio-temporal predictions, we can consider time as a third dimension and then predict the probability of individuals occurring in blocks of different siz ...
Sequence Entropy and the Absolute Rate of Amino Acid Substitutions
... that sequences from real proteins, as well as proteins from evolutionary simulations under selection for thermostability, tend to have a narrow range of stability values(23, 25-28). This stability range occurs where the decreasing effectiveness of selection for g ...
... that sequences from real proteins, as well as proteins from evolutionary simulations under selection for thermostability, tend to have a narrow range of stability values(23, 25-28). This stability range occurs where the decreasing effectiveness of selection for g ...
Dispersal vacuum in the seedling recruitment of a primate
... Unregulated hunting of large-bodied frugivores is ubiquitous in tropical forests. Due to their low fecundity and complex social organization, large primates are often the first tropical forest vertebrates to be extirpated by hunting. Large primates are important seed dispersers and the only dispersal ...
... Unregulated hunting of large-bodied frugivores is ubiquitous in tropical forests. Due to their low fecundity and complex social organization, large primates are often the first tropical forest vertebrates to be extirpated by hunting. Large primates are important seed dispersers and the only dispersal ...
Observations on the role of nuclear medicine in molecular imaging
... glucose metabolism. One PET agent is 11Cpalmitate which behaves identically to natural fatty acids in uptake and metabolism in the myocardium. Fatty acids may also be labeled with 123I and used for the same purpose but with SPECT. One such agent is labeled iodophenypentadecanoic acid (i.e., 123I-IPP ...
... glucose metabolism. One PET agent is 11Cpalmitate which behaves identically to natural fatty acids in uptake and metabolism in the myocardium. Fatty acids may also be labeled with 123I and used for the same purpose but with SPECT. One such agent is labeled iodophenypentadecanoic acid (i.e., 123I-IPP ...
(k(:i)logia Patterns of variation in life history among
... coded as either O-No adults (applied only to two species of annual k.illifish), I-Skewed in favor of juvenile and subadult sizeclasses.2-Approximately even distribution of immature and adult size classes,and 3-Skewed in favor of adult sizeclasses. 9) Wet season age distribution of each popUlation wa ...
... coded as either O-No adults (applied only to two species of annual k.illifish), I-Skewed in favor of juvenile and subadult sizeclasses.2-Approximately even distribution of immature and adult size classes,and 3-Skewed in favor of adult sizeclasses. 9) Wet season age distribution of each popUlation wa ...
Molecular cloning and expression of the male sterility - Funpec-RP
... sativa L. (Jang et al., 2004), Zea mays L. (Ku et al., 2012), and Triticum aestivum L. (Zhao et al., 2006), which indicates the extensive presence of YABBY genes in dicotyledons and monocotyledons. Members of YABBY gene family have not yet been reported in B. campestris L. ssp chinensis var. parachi ...
... sativa L. (Jang et al., 2004), Zea mays L. (Ku et al., 2012), and Triticum aestivum L. (Zhao et al., 2006), which indicates the extensive presence of YABBY genes in dicotyledons and monocotyledons. Members of YABBY gene family have not yet been reported in B. campestris L. ssp chinensis var. parachi ...