P.S.Z.N.
... close upon such an object, it would not remain closed (WINSTON,1984a). These observations agreed with the reactions to living pycnogonid appendages observed by WYER& KING(1973), who found that claws, palps and proboscis tips were caught, but released, while legs were too large to be caught. Interest ...
... close upon such an object, it would not remain closed (WINSTON,1984a). These observations agreed with the reactions to living pycnogonid appendages observed by WYER& KING(1973), who found that claws, palps and proboscis tips were caught, but released, while legs were too large to be caught. Interest ...
Trait similarity patterns within grass and grasshopper
... Abstract. Trait-based community assembly theory suggests that trait variation among cooccurring species is shaped by two main processes: abiotic filtering, important in stressful environments and promoting similarity, and competition, more important in productive environments and promoting dissimilar ...
... Abstract. Trait-based community assembly theory suggests that trait variation among cooccurring species is shaped by two main processes: abiotic filtering, important in stressful environments and promoting similarity, and competition, more important in productive environments and promoting dissimilar ...
Habitat Fragmentation – In Theory
... This study examines the effects of habitat fragmentation on the carabid beetle species richness and abundance in fragmented forest habitats relative to non fragmented forest habitats. Based on previous studies, Davies and Margules hypothesized that carabid beetle species richness would decrease in ...
... This study examines the effects of habitat fragmentation on the carabid beetle species richness and abundance in fragmented forest habitats relative to non fragmented forest habitats. Based on previous studies, Davies and Margules hypothesized that carabid beetle species richness would decrease in ...
Invasive Species - Eastern Ontario Model Forest
... and depends on: size of introduction adaptability of the organism habitat suitability level of competition predation disease other organisms in similar niches Module 1 ...
... and depends on: size of introduction adaptability of the organism habitat suitability level of competition predation disease other organisms in similar niches Module 1 ...
A Demographic Study ofAloe dichotoma in the Succulent Karoo: Are
... Five climatically derived environmental parameters playa key role in defining plants' bioclimatic envelopes in South Africa (Midgley et al. 2001). These include, firstly, the mean minimum temperature in the coldest month of the year, as this affects a species' ability to assimilate water and nutrien ...
... Five climatically derived environmental parameters playa key role in defining plants' bioclimatic envelopes in South Africa (Midgley et al. 2001). These include, firstly, the mean minimum temperature in the coldest month of the year, as this affects a species' ability to assimilate water and nutrien ...
TISSIER-THESIS - eCommons@USASK
... distribution ............................................................................................................................. 52 ...
... distribution ............................................................................................................................. 52 ...
doc Term Paper Handout
... To answer these questions, first carefully select one, well documented, invasive fish species and make sure it has significantly impacted at least one other freshwater animal species resident in the receiving ecosystem. There are many dozens of documented fish invasives but not all of them have stro ...
... To answer these questions, first carefully select one, well documented, invasive fish species and make sure it has significantly impacted at least one other freshwater animal species resident in the receiving ecosystem. There are many dozens of documented fish invasives but not all of them have stro ...
Has the ghost of competition passed?
... habitat distribution, and hence the value of the non-linear competition coefficients, depends on the joint densities of the competing species. I extend the theories to illustrate how non-linear effects arise from constant habitat-dependent competition. The habitat effect is easily estimated from cen ...
... habitat distribution, and hence the value of the non-linear competition coefficients, depends on the joint densities of the competing species. I extend the theories to illustrate how non-linear effects arise from constant habitat-dependent competition. The habitat effect is easily estimated from cen ...
Are Exotic Herbivores Better Competitors? A Meta
... in the field. Fail-safe analyses of each response variable in the full dataset showed no evidence of ...
... in the field. Fail-safe analyses of each response variable in the full dataset showed no evidence of ...
Stopping evolution: Genetic management of captive
... beetle, California condor, and many other species. While waiting for opportunities to reestablish healthy populations in the wild, captive populations often serve as the ultimate insurance against the final loss of a species, as in the case of Przewalski’s horse, Pere David’s deer, Hawaiian crow, ad ...
... beetle, California condor, and many other species. While waiting for opportunities to reestablish healthy populations in the wild, captive populations often serve as the ultimate insurance against the final loss of a species, as in the case of Przewalski’s horse, Pere David’s deer, Hawaiian crow, ad ...
3. Predation by ants on arthropods and other animals
... When Robert Jeanne studied the rate of ant predation along a latitudinal gradient [23], his method was to assess predation on the brood of social wasps (by using wasp larvae baits). Predation was more rapid in tropical than in temperate sites, in fields (open habitats) than in forests, and on the gr ...
... When Robert Jeanne studied the rate of ant predation along a latitudinal gradient [23], his method was to assess predation on the brood of social wasps (by using wasp larvae baits). Predation was more rapid in tropical than in temperate sites, in fields (open habitats) than in forests, and on the gr ...
Forage fauna in the diet of three large pelagic fishes (lancetfish
... and our own relationships. When equations for a given species were not available, estimates were made from equations established for closely related species or for species with a similar morphology. 2.3. Data analysis The study area is relatively small compared to the Indian Ocean basin (Fig. 1), an ...
... and our own relationships. When equations for a given species were not available, estimates were made from equations established for closely related species or for species with a similar morphology. 2.3. Data analysis The study area is relatively small compared to the Indian Ocean basin (Fig. 1), an ...
Parasitism - Sinauer Associates
... way: their bodies consist of tissues that surround an open tube called the alimentary canal. The alimentary canal runs through the middle of the body, from the mouth to the anus. Parasites that live inside their hosts, called endoparasites, include species that inhabit the alimentary canal as well a ...
... way: their bodies consist of tissues that surround an open tube called the alimentary canal. The alimentary canal runs through the middle of the body, from the mouth to the anus. Parasites that live inside their hosts, called endoparasites, include species that inhabit the alimentary canal as well a ...
1 - Biology Department | UNC Chapel Hill
... Exotic species as community structure probes ..................................................................... 41 12.1 The nature of exotic species ............................................................................................. 41 12.2 Exotic establishment and community assembly... ...
... Exotic species as community structure probes ..................................................................... 41 12.1 The nature of exotic species ............................................................................................. 41 12.2 Exotic establishment and community assembly... ...
Winter Prey Selection by Wolves and Cougars in and Near Glacier
... of elk and deer carcasses was determined by presence of antlers or pedicels, length of hind foot (Fuller et al. 1989), or pelvic characteristics (Edwards et al. 1982). An incisor, if present, was extracted to estimate age (Matson's Lab, Milltown, Montana, USA); otherwise, age was based upon tooth er ...
... of elk and deer carcasses was determined by presence of antlers or pedicels, length of hind foot (Fuller et al. 1989), or pelvic characteristics (Edwards et al. 1982). An incisor, if present, was extracted to estimate age (Matson's Lab, Milltown, Montana, USA); otherwise, age was based upon tooth er ...
Paper-6.1-Landings-Obligation-Vision
... Landing fish that would otherwise have survived and added to the stock biomass, is an example of a potentially perverse outcome at odds with management objectives. Determining what counts as a high survival rate poses a challenge to scientists. They may not be able to deliver advice in a useable for ...
... Landing fish that would otherwise have survived and added to the stock biomass, is an example of a potentially perverse outcome at odds with management objectives. Determining what counts as a high survival rate poses a challenge to scientists. They may not be able to deliver advice in a useable for ...
Investigation of sympatric speciation as the outcome of competition
... Figure 2.2. The initial Prey FCM including concepts and edges for the dual resource version of the EcoSim. The width of each edge shows its influence value. The color of an edge shows inhibitory (red) or excitatory (blue) effects............................................................. 35 Figure ...
... Figure 2.2. The initial Prey FCM including concepts and edges for the dual resource version of the EcoSim. The width of each edge shows its influence value. The color of an edge shows inhibitory (red) or excitatory (blue) effects............................................................. 35 Figure ...
Graphical Models with R
... • The DAG only is used to give a simple and transparent way of specifying a probability model. • The computations are based on exploiting conditional independencies in an undirected graph. • Therefore, methods for building undirected graphical models can just as easily be used for building BNs. Thi ...
... • The DAG only is used to give a simple and transparent way of specifying a probability model. • The computations are based on exploiting conditional independencies in an undirected graph. • Therefore, methods for building undirected graphical models can just as easily be used for building BNs. Thi ...
Sympatric speciation is reinforced by predation, parasite load
... Sympatric speciation, the divergence of one lineage into two or more lineages within one geographic range, is often driven by disruptive selection on niche utilization. While niche specialization is found in sympatrically speciated groups, it is often reinforced by other strong selective pressure. T ...
... Sympatric speciation, the divergence of one lineage into two or more lineages within one geographic range, is often driven by disruptive selection on niche utilization. While niche specialization is found in sympatrically speciated groups, it is often reinforced by other strong selective pressure. T ...
Chemical Signals in Coral Reefs
... Some chemical agents produced by one species can affect the growth, health, behavior and / or population biology of another species. These chemicals are known as allelochemicals and may be involved in processes such as predation, parasitism, habitat and food selection, competition, dispersal and def ...
... Some chemical agents produced by one species can affect the growth, health, behavior and / or population biology of another species. These chemicals are known as allelochemicals and may be involved in processes such as predation, parasitism, habitat and food selection, competition, dispersal and def ...
t - KTH
... Assume the probability distribution of holding times () is memoryless Your phone calls last 30 minutes in average You have been on the phone for 10 minutes already What should we expect? For how long will you keep talking? ...
... Assume the probability distribution of holding times () is memoryless Your phone calls last 30 minutes in average You have been on the phone for 10 minutes already What should we expect? For how long will you keep talking? ...
Taking fungi into account in biodiversity conservation
... herbivores, while other are decomposers with a latent invasion strategy (e.g. Rodriguez et al. ...
... herbivores, while other are decomposers with a latent invasion strategy (e.g. Rodriguez et al. ...
Minimizing Avian Predation Through Habitat Management
... especially when cover is sparse. Cooper’s hawks often are responsible for much of the avian induced mortality. Other hawk species (e.g. sharp shinned, red-tailed, red-shouldered, broad-winged, and marsh hawks) and owls occasionally do eat quail, especially when quail are abundant. However, they can ...
... especially when cover is sparse. Cooper’s hawks often are responsible for much of the avian induced mortality. Other hawk species (e.g. sharp shinned, red-tailed, red-shouldered, broad-winged, and marsh hawks) and owls occasionally do eat quail, especially when quail are abundant. However, they can ...
Theoretical ecology
Theoretical ecology is the scientific discipline devoted to the study of ecological systems using theoretical methods such as simple conceptual models, mathematical models, computational simulations, and advanced data analysis. Effective models improve understanding of the natural world by revealing how the dynamics of species populations are often based on fundamental biological conditions and processes. Further, the field aims to unify a diverse range of empirical observations by assuming that common, mechanistic processes generate observable phenomena across species and ecological environments. Based on biologically realistic assumptions, theoretical ecologists are able to uncover novel, non-intuitive insights about natural processes. Theoretical results are often verified by empirical and observational studies, revealing the power of theoretical methods in both predicting and understanding the noisy, diverse biological world.The field is broad and includes foundations in applied mathematics, computer science, biology, statistical physics, genetics, chemistry, evolution, and conservation biology. Theoretical ecology aims to explain a diverse range of phenomena in the life sciences, such as population growth and dynamics, fisheries, competition, evolutionary theory, epidemiology, animal behavior and group dynamics, food webs, ecosystems, spatial ecology, and the effects of climate change.Theoretical ecology has further benefited from the advent of fast computing power, allowing the analysis and visualization of large-scale computational simulations of ecological phenomena. Importantly, these modern tools provide quantitative predictions about the effects of human induced environmental change on a diverse variety of ecological phenomena, such as: species invasions, climate change, the effect of fishing and hunting on food network stability, and the global carbon cycle.