30 years of the endangered species act
... Habitat destruction and excessive hunting were the primary culprits in the American alligator’s decline. ...
... Habitat destruction and excessive hunting were the primary culprits in the American alligator’s decline. ...
patterns of natural selection on size at metamorphosis in water frogs
... 1999). Critical elements of these models are the patterns of postmetamorphic survival and growth, which the models either include as explicit terms or implicit assumptions. Empirical studies applying these models to predict metamorphosis in a number of different organisms have almost exclusively foc ...
... 1999). Critical elements of these models are the patterns of postmetamorphic survival and growth, which the models either include as explicit terms or implicit assumptions. Empirical studies applying these models to predict metamorphosis in a number of different organisms have almost exclusively foc ...
chemical ecology of echinoderms: impact of environment and diet in
... In a report by Symonds et al., β-echinenone was the major compound in P. lividus, although it was absent from diet, thus arising from the metabolism of other compounds [23].While all-trans β-echinenone can probably be formed by conversion of the all-trans β-carotene in diet with a isocryptoxanthin i ...
... In a report by Symonds et al., β-echinenone was the major compound in P. lividus, although it was absent from diet, thus arising from the metabolism of other compounds [23].While all-trans β-echinenone can probably be formed by conversion of the all-trans β-carotene in diet with a isocryptoxanthin i ...
book of abstracts as PDF
... One of the limitations of these standard demographic methods is that they require great field efforts and multiple years before they can provide reliable estimates of risks of extinction/invasion. Unfortunately, their need for high temporal replication is at odds with urgent societal needs for such ...
... One of the limitations of these standard demographic methods is that they require great field efforts and multiple years before they can provide reliable estimates of risks of extinction/invasion. Unfortunately, their need for high temporal replication is at odds with urgent societal needs for such ...
Numerical Model Validation, cont.
... • Poiseuille number was relatively unaffected by fillet radius in comparison with groove height and width • Volumetric flow rate was fairly constant with slot half width for groove height ranging from 1.0 < H* < 4.0 • The capillary limit attained maximum value in slot region and decreased dramatical ...
... • Poiseuille number was relatively unaffected by fillet radius in comparison with groove height and width • Volumetric flow rate was fairly constant with slot half width for groove height ranging from 1.0 < H* < 4.0 • The capillary limit attained maximum value in slot region and decreased dramatical ...
Linking nutrient loading, local abiotic variables, richness and
... In addition, the contribution of different environmental variables to the biomass of key macrophyte and invertebrate species as well as the aggregated community variables such as richness, total biomass, biomass of specific functional group was explored using the Boosted Regression Trees (BRT) techn ...
... In addition, the contribution of different environmental variables to the biomass of key macrophyte and invertebrate species as well as the aggregated community variables such as richness, total biomass, biomass of specific functional group was explored using the Boosted Regression Trees (BRT) techn ...
Energy budget and ecological role of mangrove epibenthos in the
... ABSTRACT: Epibenthic community structure, somatic production and energy flow were studied in the Caeté mangrove estuary in North Brazil on for 3 representative strata: high intertidal forest (F), small creeks in the forest (SC) and open mudbanks of large intertidal creeks (LC). Seven decapod crustac ...
... ABSTRACT: Epibenthic community structure, somatic production and energy flow were studied in the Caeté mangrove estuary in North Brazil on for 3 representative strata: high intertidal forest (F), small creeks in the forest (SC) and open mudbanks of large intertidal creeks (LC). Seven decapod crustac ...
A Brief History of Dinoflagellate Feeding Research
... UR understanding of the diversity and novelty of dinoflagellate feeding ecology (summarized in Fig. 1) is progressing rapidly after a slow, erratic beginning a century ago. In fact, the current pace of discoveries, each seemingly more remarkable than the last, is sufficiently rapid to leave one feel ...
... UR understanding of the diversity and novelty of dinoflagellate feeding ecology (summarized in Fig. 1) is progressing rapidly after a slow, erratic beginning a century ago. In fact, the current pace of discoveries, each seemingly more remarkable than the last, is sufficiently rapid to leave one feel ...
GENETIC ANALYSIS OF MOUNTAIN LION
... bighorn sheep numbers declined from approximately 800 individuals in 2000-2002 to approximately 400 individuals in 2006-2008 (USFWS 2009). This prompted an investigation into potential factors responsible for the decline. Potential mortality factors include drought, disease, hunting and predation by ...
... bighorn sheep numbers declined from approximately 800 individuals in 2000-2002 to approximately 400 individuals in 2006-2008 (USFWS 2009). This prompted an investigation into potential factors responsible for the decline. Potential mortality factors include drought, disease, hunting and predation by ...
Anthropogenic Landscapes, Human Action and the Process of Co
... evolution. Human niche construction modifies selection pressures in environments in ways that affect both human evolution, and the evolution of other species [6].” Human niche construction has broad and deep effects not just upon the soil, water and air, but on the myriad of other beings sharing spa ...
... evolution. Human niche construction modifies selection pressures in environments in ways that affect both human evolution, and the evolution of other species [6].” Human niche construction has broad and deep effects not just upon the soil, water and air, but on the myriad of other beings sharing spa ...
international carnivore conservation and management with
... illustrated by wolf population declines initiated by disease transmission from arctic or red fox (Ballard and Krausman 1997). One condition that is conducive to disease transmission that must be recognized is the spatial overlap of wild species with domestic species. The overlap between domestic dog ...
... illustrated by wolf population declines initiated by disease transmission from arctic or red fox (Ballard and Krausman 1997). One condition that is conducive to disease transmission that must be recognized is the spatial overlap of wild species with domestic species. The overlap between domestic dog ...
Brownie, C., King, L. D., and Dube, T. J. (2004Longitudinal and Spatial Analyses Applied to Corn Yield Data from a Long-Term Rotation Trial,"
... averaged over years. We also tested for a linear trend across years in this contrast. Other contrasts tested were R2, R4 compared to the CMP continuous corn at the 0 and 70 kg ha−1 rates of N (C1 and C2), both within years and averaged over years. Within-year comparisons can, of course, be tested in ...
... averaged over years. We also tested for a linear trend across years in this contrast. Other contrasts tested were R2, R4 compared to the CMP continuous corn at the 0 and 70 kg ha−1 rates of N (C1 and C2), both within years and averaged over years. Within-year comparisons can, of course, be tested in ...
Do we have a consistent terminology for species diversity?
... probable process of cancer diversity. Using Tuomisto’s metaphor, two geographically adjacent counties may reside in different pigeonholes. Furthermore, phylogeny is not accounted for in measures of species diversity using entropy, including q D (Rao 1982). This is why phylogenetic comparative method ...
... probable process of cancer diversity. Using Tuomisto’s metaphor, two geographically adjacent counties may reside in different pigeonholes. Furthermore, phylogeny is not accounted for in measures of species diversity using entropy, including q D (Rao 1982). This is why phylogenetic comparative method ...
The behavioral ecology of amblypygids
... and dangerous. Even the first European scientists had similar views…. To me, however, these creatures do not appear horrible; rather they are extremely fascinating.” ...
... and dangerous. Even the first European scientists had similar views…. To me, however, these creatures do not appear horrible; rather they are extremely fascinating.” ...
Linking modern coexistence theory and contemporary niche theory
... Abstract. Modern coexistence theory and contemporary niche theory represent parallel frameworks for understanding the niche’s role in species coexistence. Despite increasing prominence and shared goals, their compatibility and complementarity have received little attention. This paucity of overlap n ...
... Abstract. Modern coexistence theory and contemporary niche theory represent parallel frameworks for understanding the niche’s role in species coexistence. Despite increasing prominence and shared goals, their compatibility and complementarity have received little attention. This paucity of overlap n ...
Chapter 53
... • Research on the dynamics of predator-prey interactions has given biologists the ability to control pests by introducing predators or parasites. • In agriculture and forestry, the use of predators and parasites as biocontrol agents is a key part of integrated pest management: strategies to maximize ...
... • Research on the dynamics of predator-prey interactions has given biologists the ability to control pests by introducing predators or parasites. • In agriculture and forestry, the use of predators and parasites as biocontrol agents is a key part of integrated pest management: strategies to maximize ...
Ontogenetic trait variation influences tree community assembly
... relative importance of abiotic and biotic assembly mechanisms can differ among ontogenetic stages within and across environments, ontogenetic trait variation may have an important influence on patterns of functional diversity and inferred assembly mechanisms. We tested the hypothesis that variation ...
... relative importance of abiotic and biotic assembly mechanisms can differ among ontogenetic stages within and across environments, ontogenetic trait variation may have an important influence on patterns of functional diversity and inferred assembly mechanisms. We tested the hypothesis that variation ...
Wetterer et al.: Dominance by Alien Ant in Biosphere 2 381
... desert north of Tucson as a model for a self-contained space colony and used as a microcosm for understanding ecosystem dynamics and global change. Biosphere 2 contains not only human residences and an agricultural area, but also “wilderness” areas designed to model natural biomes, including a deser ...
... desert north of Tucson as a model for a self-contained space colony and used as a microcosm for understanding ecosystem dynamics and global change. Biosphere 2 contains not only human residences and an agricultural area, but also “wilderness” areas designed to model natural biomes, including a deser ...
Energy flow to two abundant consumers in a subtropical oyster reef
... test. Stomach contents from unknown sources were excluded in this analysis. Because gray snapper varied greatly in size and both consumers were collected in 2 years for stable ...
... test. Stomach contents from unknown sources were excluded in this analysis. Because gray snapper varied greatly in size and both consumers were collected in 2 years for stable ...
Four types of interference competition and their impacts on
... the per-capita growth rate which mathematically is equivalent to an increase in mortality. Any inherent differences between the four different types of interference competition considered here can thus only become apparent in physiologically structured population models that incorporate ontogenetic ...
... the per-capita growth rate which mathematically is equivalent to an increase in mortality. Any inherent differences between the four different types of interference competition considered here can thus only become apparent in physiologically structured population models that incorporate ontogenetic ...
limiting resources and the regulation of diversity in phytoplankton
... the relationship between phytoplankton diversity and limiting resources (N, P, Si, and light) over two summers in three lakes in the Yellowstone (Wyoming, USA) region. Diversity was highly variable along temporal and spatial axes within lakes. We discovered a strong positive correlation between dive ...
... the relationship between phytoplankton diversity and limiting resources (N, P, Si, and light) over two summers in three lakes in the Yellowstone (Wyoming, USA) region. Diversity was highly variable along temporal and spatial axes within lakes. We discovered a strong positive correlation between dive ...
How can we detect introduced mammalian predators in non
... meat. Tracking tunnels were checked and rebaited on average every 3–4 days and papers were collected when mammalian or ‘unidentified other’ tracks were recorded. When more than 4 days elapsed between checks, we assumed the tracking tunnel was available for tracking for only 4 days because the bait w ...
... meat. Tracking tunnels were checked and rebaited on average every 3–4 days and papers were collected when mammalian or ‘unidentified other’ tracks were recorded. When more than 4 days elapsed between checks, we assumed the tracking tunnel was available for tracking for only 4 days because the bait w ...
SPATIAL SYNCHRONY IN POPULATION DYNAMICS ∗ Andrew
... the same population are, in theory, perfectly synchronized if there is no distance separating them (in which case in a practical sense they should be considered the same population), spatial synchrony is, not surprisingly, common among nearby populations. However, researchers have observed considera ...
... the same population are, in theory, perfectly synchronized if there is no distance separating them (in which case in a practical sense they should be considered the same population), spatial synchrony is, not surprisingly, common among nearby populations. However, researchers have observed considera ...
Theoretical ecology
Theoretical ecology is the scientific discipline devoted to the study of ecological systems using theoretical methods such as simple conceptual models, mathematical models, computational simulations, and advanced data analysis. Effective models improve understanding of the natural world by revealing how the dynamics of species populations are often based on fundamental biological conditions and processes. Further, the field aims to unify a diverse range of empirical observations by assuming that common, mechanistic processes generate observable phenomena across species and ecological environments. Based on biologically realistic assumptions, theoretical ecologists are able to uncover novel, non-intuitive insights about natural processes. Theoretical results are often verified by empirical and observational studies, revealing the power of theoretical methods in both predicting and understanding the noisy, diverse biological world.The field is broad and includes foundations in applied mathematics, computer science, biology, statistical physics, genetics, chemistry, evolution, and conservation biology. Theoretical ecology aims to explain a diverse range of phenomena in the life sciences, such as population growth and dynamics, fisheries, competition, evolutionary theory, epidemiology, animal behavior and group dynamics, food webs, ecosystems, spatial ecology, and the effects of climate change.Theoretical ecology has further benefited from the advent of fast computing power, allowing the analysis and visualization of large-scale computational simulations of ecological phenomena. Importantly, these modern tools provide quantitative predictions about the effects of human induced environmental change on a diverse variety of ecological phenomena, such as: species invasions, climate change, the effect of fishing and hunting on food network stability, and the global carbon cycle.