Claw morphology, prey size selection and foraging efficiency in
... consequence of the geometry of the crab’s claw relative to that of the shell of the prey. For example, Cancer pagurus uses two methods of opening Littorina littorea depending on the relationship between the diameter of the prey’s shell and the gape of the crab’s claw (Lawton and Hughes, 1985). Snail ...
... consequence of the geometry of the crab’s claw relative to that of the shell of the prey. For example, Cancer pagurus uses two methods of opening Littorina littorea depending on the relationship between the diameter of the prey’s shell and the gape of the crab’s claw (Lawton and Hughes, 1985). Snail ...
Sponge Defenses - Fat Tuesday Productions
... discomfort. Caribbean reef fish do not feed on Tedania ignis due to its toxic chemical it produce. However there are some animals that have defense mechanisms against this in which they are able to digest the sponge toxic material for example some starfish. T. ignis uses chemical deterrence to prote ...
... discomfort. Caribbean reef fish do not feed on Tedania ignis due to its toxic chemical it produce. However there are some animals that have defense mechanisms against this in which they are able to digest the sponge toxic material for example some starfish. T. ignis uses chemical deterrence to prote ...
PDF, 2241 KB - URPP GCB
... Applying an ecosystem services approach to support environmental policy-making: a case study in the Canton of Zurich....................................................................................................................... 81 Biodiversity-productivity relationships in a subtropical fore ...
... Applying an ecosystem services approach to support environmental policy-making: a case study in the Canton of Zurich....................................................................................................................... 81 Biodiversity-productivity relationships in a subtropical fore ...
Population Density and Choice of Den and Food Made by Octopus
... choice. In this survey, percent coverage of bottles with biotic growth (algae, barnacles, etc.) was not documented. In the laboratory tests, preference was shown for the dark/opaque bottle, or the 'home' bottles, rather than the clear or see-through red Nalgene 'new' bottles. The dark/opaque bottle ...
... choice. In this survey, percent coverage of bottles with biotic growth (algae, barnacles, etc.) was not documented. In the laboratory tests, preference was shown for the dark/opaque bottle, or the 'home' bottles, rather than the clear or see-through red Nalgene 'new' bottles. The dark/opaque bottle ...
aggregated seed arrival alters plant diversity in
... opportunities because the system is not well mixed (Bolker and Pacala 1999). These theoretical results are consistent whether using interacting particle systems, moment equations for spatial point processes or metapopulation models (Bolker et al. 2003). This is not to say that coexistence occurs und ...
... opportunities because the system is not well mixed (Bolker and Pacala 1999). These theoretical results are consistent whether using interacting particle systems, moment equations for spatial point processes or metapopulation models (Bolker et al. 2003). This is not to say that coexistence occurs und ...
Luxury consumption of soil nutrients
... vegetation–environment interactions and into the possible effects of climate change on vegetation distributions (e.g. Shaver et al. 2001). We determined above-ground and below-ground biomass of the vascular plants in control and fertilized plots on non-acidic tussock tundra (Gough et al. 2000; Gough ...
... vegetation–environment interactions and into the possible effects of climate change on vegetation distributions (e.g. Shaver et al. 2001). We determined above-ground and below-ground biomass of the vascular plants in control and fertilized plots on non-acidic tussock tundra (Gough et al. 2000; Gough ...
Validation of an Instrument to Measure the Change in Ecological
... April 22, 1990, the twentieth anniversary of Earth Day, marked a renewal of America's concern for the environment. In Texas, one result of this concern was an increased interest by teachers, lawmakers and the public in integrating environmental education into public school curricula. While most Texa ...
... April 22, 1990, the twentieth anniversary of Earth Day, marked a renewal of America's concern for the environment. In Texas, one result of this concern was an increased interest by teachers, lawmakers and the public in integrating environmental education into public school curricula. While most Texa ...
Characterization of Biodiversity
... of biological diversity are species, the basic kinds of organisms. * Taxonomic characterization of the world's organisms is a mammoth but essential strategic task with which only limited progress has been made: just I 75 of the estimated 13 to 14 million species have so far been described, and most ...
... of biological diversity are species, the basic kinds of organisms. * Taxonomic characterization of the world's organisms is a mammoth but essential strategic task with which only limited progress has been made: just I 75 of the estimated 13 to 14 million species have so far been described, and most ...
Community and foodweb ecology of freshwater mussels
... St Clair, mussels of several species contained up to 15% fatty acids that could have been obtained only from bacteria, but mussels also contained fatty acids derived from algae (Metcalfe-Smith et al. 2007). Field studies have not addressed dissolved organic matter as another potential food source, b ...
... St Clair, mussels of several species contained up to 15% fatty acids that could have been obtained only from bacteria, but mussels also contained fatty acids derived from algae (Metcalfe-Smith et al. 2007). Field studies have not addressed dissolved organic matter as another potential food source, b ...
Do Eco-Evo Feedbacks Help Us Understand Nature? Answers From
... effects of adaptive change on stability in predator–prey systems (e.g. Abrams and Matsuda, 1997) illustrate this result. The second phase, the evolutionary feedback loop, may or may not follow. The evolutionary feedback loop will occur if the effects of the focal species on the demography of a compe ...
... effects of adaptive change on stability in predator–prey systems (e.g. Abrams and Matsuda, 1997) illustrate this result. The second phase, the evolutionary feedback loop, may or may not follow. The evolutionary feedback loop will occur if the effects of the focal species on the demography of a compe ...
foraging ecology of the red-crowned parakeet
... above the ground of each individual when first sighted was also recorded. Data were scored as one of five groups: 0m, 1-4m, 5-9m, 10-14m, 15m+. The percentage of observations (±95% CI) of parakeets within these height classes throughout the year was compared between species using a Chisquare test. T ...
... above the ground of each individual when first sighted was also recorded. Data were scored as one of five groups: 0m, 1-4m, 5-9m, 10-14m, 15m+. The percentage of observations (±95% CI) of parakeets within these height classes throughout the year was compared between species using a Chisquare test. T ...
Structure and Function of Chihuahuan Desert
... Edited by: Kris Havstad, Laura F. Huenneke, William H. Schlesinger Chapter 12. Whitford, W.G., Bestelmeyer, B.T. 2006 habitats, and Ord’s kangaroo rat (Dipodomys ordii) is most abundant in the grassland habitats. The banner-tailed kangaroo rat (Dipodomys spectabilis), a grassland specialist that pla ...
... Edited by: Kris Havstad, Laura F. Huenneke, William H. Schlesinger Chapter 12. Whitford, W.G., Bestelmeyer, B.T. 2006 habitats, and Ord’s kangaroo rat (Dipodomys ordii) is most abundant in the grassland habitats. The banner-tailed kangaroo rat (Dipodomys spectabilis), a grassland specialist that pla ...
![OC-2 Wind-driven Ocean Circulation [text KKC, pp.80-85]](http://s1.studyres.com/store/data/008502887_1-6ef66b62825062dfd75ea5af20713ce0-300x300.png)
Xestospongia muta (Giant or Caribbean Barrel
... DISTRIBUTION. Typically, they are endemic to the Caribbean Sea, from the reefs around the Florida Keys, to the northern coastline of South American countries, spanning from the Gulf of Mexico e.g. Belize to the Lesser Antilles and Trinidad and Tobago. This is due to the clockwise motion of the ocean ...
... DISTRIBUTION. Typically, they are endemic to the Caribbean Sea, from the reefs around the Florida Keys, to the northern coastline of South American countries, spanning from the Gulf of Mexico e.g. Belize to the Lesser Antilles and Trinidad and Tobago. This is due to the clockwise motion of the ocean ...
Does food web structure affect detrital processing in streams?
... the role of the crayfish (Orconectes propinquus) in the breakdown of detritus. I found no significant difference (P > 0.05) in the decay rates of red maple leaves (Acer rubrum) among treatments. However, I observed a difference in the number of prey consumed by predators among treatments (P<0.001). ...
... the role of the crayfish (Orconectes propinquus) in the breakdown of detritus. I found no significant difference (P > 0.05) in the decay rates of red maple leaves (Acer rubrum) among treatments. However, I observed a difference in the number of prey consumed by predators among treatments (P<0.001). ...
Granivory in a Desert Ecosystem: Experimental Evidence for Indirect Facilitation... Rodents Author(s): D. W. Davidson, R. S. Inouye, J. H. Brown
... of 1980, small entrance holes were cut in the hardwarecloth rodent exclosures to allow recolonization by rodents. Later, a decision was made to prolong the exclusion experiments, and in early winter of 1980, entrance holes were covered with hardware-cloth, and rodents were again trapped out of the f ...
... of 1980, small entrance holes were cut in the hardwarecloth rodent exclosures to allow recolonization by rodents. Later, a decision was made to prolong the exclusion experiments, and in early winter of 1980, entrance holes were covered with hardware-cloth, and rodents were again trapped out of the f ...
curriculum vitae - Towson University
... differ in effects on performance of clonal plants: an analysis using a field-parameterized simulation model. Oikos 116:836-852. Gough, L., E.A. Ramsey†, and D.R. Johnson*. 2007. Plant-herbivore interactions in Alaskan arctic tundra change with soil nutrient availability. Oikos 116:407-418. Cherry, J ...
... differ in effects on performance of clonal plants: an analysis using a field-parameterized simulation model. Oikos 116:836-852. Gough, L., E.A. Ramsey†, and D.R. Johnson*. 2007. Plant-herbivore interactions in Alaskan arctic tundra change with soil nutrient availability. Oikos 116:407-418. Cherry, J ...
All about…Bats
... the long-tailed bat and the lesser short-tailed bat. Differences between these are obvious in the tail length, size, and the wing-like skin between the hind legs of the long-tailed bat. Of the two extinct species, both short-tailed bats, one is only known from some recently discovered remains, while ...
... the long-tailed bat and the lesser short-tailed bat. Differences between these are obvious in the tail length, size, and the wing-like skin between the hind legs of the long-tailed bat. Of the two extinct species, both short-tailed bats, one is only known from some recently discovered remains, while ...
FLOW Unit 1: Food Web Overview - the National Sea Grant Library
... In a simple food chain, aquatic bugs eat the plants, and small fish eat the bugs. Big fish eat the little fish, and people catch and eat the big fish. As mentioned, however, organisms often feed on more than one species. This interaction is important, because if one organism declines or disappears, ...
... In a simple food chain, aquatic bugs eat the plants, and small fish eat the bugs. Big fish eat the little fish, and people catch and eat the big fish. As mentioned, however, organisms often feed on more than one species. This interaction is important, because if one organism declines or disappears, ...
Chronic nitrogen deposition alters the structure and function of
... dried mass of litter inside. Because the results from these two methods were highly correlated with each other, we present only the results of analyses of density-by-area data. To test how experimental N deposition influenced the microarthropod community in the forest floor, we first used a Student’s t ...
... dried mass of litter inside. Because the results from these two methods were highly correlated with each other, we present only the results of analyses of density-by-area data. To test how experimental N deposition influenced the microarthropod community in the forest floor, we first used a Student’s t ...
Niche differentiation, rarity, and commonness in the Australian White
... hypotheses underlying rarity characteristics is that naturally rare species can become further influenced by the laws that govern which species become rare in the first place (Kunin 1997). The major limitation when exploring the diagnostic traits of rare and common species is that most rare taxa are ...
... hypotheses underlying rarity characteristics is that naturally rare species can become further influenced by the laws that govern which species become rare in the first place (Kunin 1997). The major limitation when exploring the diagnostic traits of rare and common species is that most rare taxa are ...
Theoretical ecology
Theoretical ecology is the scientific discipline devoted to the study of ecological systems using theoretical methods such as simple conceptual models, mathematical models, computational simulations, and advanced data analysis. Effective models improve understanding of the natural world by revealing how the dynamics of species populations are often based on fundamental biological conditions and processes. Further, the field aims to unify a diverse range of empirical observations by assuming that common, mechanistic processes generate observable phenomena across species and ecological environments. Based on biologically realistic assumptions, theoretical ecologists are able to uncover novel, non-intuitive insights about natural processes. Theoretical results are often verified by empirical and observational studies, revealing the power of theoretical methods in both predicting and understanding the noisy, diverse biological world.The field is broad and includes foundations in applied mathematics, computer science, biology, statistical physics, genetics, chemistry, evolution, and conservation biology. Theoretical ecology aims to explain a diverse range of phenomena in the life sciences, such as population growth and dynamics, fisheries, competition, evolutionary theory, epidemiology, animal behavior and group dynamics, food webs, ecosystems, spatial ecology, and the effects of climate change.Theoretical ecology has further benefited from the advent of fast computing power, allowing the analysis and visualization of large-scale computational simulations of ecological phenomena. Importantly, these modern tools provide quantitative predictions about the effects of human induced environmental change on a diverse variety of ecological phenomena, such as: species invasions, climate change, the effect of fishing and hunting on food network stability, and the global carbon cycle.