Endophytic fungi alter relationships between diversity and
... diversity and ecosystem functioning has advanced our basic understanding of community dynamics, and may ultimately improve conservation by focusing attention on the processes critical to sustaining natural ecosystems (Chapin et al. 1998). The idea that diversity can have strong effects on ecosystem ...
... diversity and ecosystem functioning has advanced our basic understanding of community dynamics, and may ultimately improve conservation by focusing attention on the processes critical to sustaining natural ecosystems (Chapin et al. 1998). The idea that diversity can have strong effects on ecosystem ...
behavioral responses to `alarm odors` in potentially invasive and non
... Individuals of P. acutus acutus and P. clarkii were made available from aquaculture research ponds located in Delaware and Louisiana (USA). During January 2002, in the laboratory at the Delaware State University (Dover, Delaware), 20 adult Form I males of P. acutus acutus (cephalothorax length: 35-4 ...
... Individuals of P. acutus acutus and P. clarkii were made available from aquaculture research ponds located in Delaware and Louisiana (USA). During January 2002, in the laboratory at the Delaware State University (Dover, Delaware), 20 adult Form I males of P. acutus acutus (cephalothorax length: 35-4 ...
Frontiers in research on biodiversity and disease
... research on diversity–disease relationships and identify future priorities. Growing evidence from experimental, observational and modelling studies indicates that biodiversity changes alter infection for a range of pathogens and through diverse mechanisms. Drawing upon lessons from the community eco ...
... research on diversity–disease relationships and identify future priorities. Growing evidence from experimental, observational and modelling studies indicates that biodiversity changes alter infection for a range of pathogens and through diverse mechanisms. Drawing upon lessons from the community eco ...
- Wiley Online Library
... Figure 1 Photographic evidence and web diagram showing the cascade of effects from bears to plants. (a) A bear digs into an ant nest to consume ants; the white arrow is embedded to focus viewer attention on nest material pulled back by the bear. (b) The ants are mutualists of herbivores, which they ...
... Figure 1 Photographic evidence and web diagram showing the cascade of effects from bears to plants. (a) A bear digs into an ant nest to consume ants; the white arrow is embedded to focus viewer attention on nest material pulled back by the bear. (b) The ants are mutualists of herbivores, which they ...
Genetic epidemiology of Sarcoptes scabiei in the Iberian wolf
... of their population during the first years after the outbreak (González-Quirós et al., 2002). Although the origin of the outbreak could not be demonstrated, it has been attributed to mangy domestic goats sharing pastures with chamois in the study area, with subsequent cross-infection (Lavín et al., 2 ...
... of their population during the first years after the outbreak (González-Quirós et al., 2002). Although the origin of the outbreak could not be demonstrated, it has been attributed to mangy domestic goats sharing pastures with chamois in the study area, with subsequent cross-infection (Lavín et al., 2 ...
Synthesis of Ecosystem Resources and Threats
... (Moore 2009), and there was little foreign influence between that time and the start of the Spanish mission period in the late 1700‘s (White and Tice 1997; Moore 2009). The establishment of the missions combined with the arrival of Russian, American, and Aleut otter hunters in the early 1800‘s cause ...
... (Moore 2009), and there was little foreign influence between that time and the start of the Spanish mission period in the late 1700‘s (White and Tice 1997; Moore 2009). The establishment of the missions combined with the arrival of Russian, American, and Aleut otter hunters in the early 1800‘s cause ...
Remembering the Gulf: Changes to the marine communities on the
... In both species diversity and population size, echinoderms appear to have declined dramatically since 1940 (Table 1). Reductions in the numbers of asteroids (starfish), echinoids (urchins), and ophiuroids (brittle stars) are revealed by the results of species counts at most sites (Figure 4; WebTable ...
... In both species diversity and population size, echinoderms appear to have declined dramatically since 1940 (Table 1). Reductions in the numbers of asteroids (starfish), echinoids (urchins), and ophiuroids (brittle stars) are revealed by the results of species counts at most sites (Figure 4; WebTable ...
Trophic Cascades and Compensation: Differential Responses of
... among-lake comparisons. There is uncertainty about whether the results from experimental and comparative studies extrapolate to predict the results of food web changes in lakes. For example, enclosure studies may exaggerate Daphnia effects because populations increase to unusually high densities whe ...
... among-lake comparisons. There is uncertainty about whether the results from experimental and comparative studies extrapolate to predict the results of food web changes in lakes. For example, enclosure studies may exaggerate Daphnia effects because populations increase to unusually high densities whe ...
Experimental approaches to studying the initial evolution of
... predators prefer brown food over yellow food, then by using these colours in our experiments we might overestimate the survival values of unpalatable yellow prey, since the predator already has a tendency to avoid this colour. This unconditioned aversion towards the colour could be additionally rein ...
... predators prefer brown food over yellow food, then by using these colours in our experiments we might overestimate the survival values of unpalatable yellow prey, since the predator already has a tendency to avoid this colour. This unconditioned aversion towards the colour could be additionally rein ...
Slide 1
... Secondary succession in healthy ecosystems following natural disturbances often reproduces the original climax community. Healthy coral reefs and tropical rain forests often recover from storms, and healthy temperate forests and grasslands recover from wildfires. ...
... Secondary succession in healthy ecosystems following natural disturbances often reproduces the original climax community. Healthy coral reefs and tropical rain forests often recover from storms, and healthy temperate forests and grasslands recover from wildfires. ...
Patterns of disturbance and recovery in littoral rock pools
... Femino 81 Mathleson 1980 Sze 1980, 1982), or to biological processes such as predatlon and competition ( D e t h ~ e r1982 L u b c h ~ n r o1982 Chapman 1990, Metaxas & Scheibling 1993) Only one study has considered the role of disturbance in rock pools (Dethler 1984) Thls contrasts with the relativ ...
... Femino 81 Mathleson 1980 Sze 1980, 1982), or to biological processes such as predatlon and competition ( D e t h ~ e r1982 L u b c h ~ n r o1982 Chapman 1990, Metaxas & Scheibling 1993) Only one study has considered the role of disturbance in rock pools (Dethler 1984) Thls contrasts with the relativ ...
Butterfly Insect Parasitoid Fauna
... For this reason, parasites and parasitoids must be differentiated and parasitoidy (or parasitoidism) should not be defined as a form of parasitism. There are a number of other differences between a parasite and parasitoid. Unlike an insect parasite, an insect parasitoid does not reproduce (except fo ...
... For this reason, parasites and parasitoids must be differentiated and parasitoidy (or parasitoidism) should not be defined as a form of parasitism. There are a number of other differences between a parasite and parasitoid. Unlike an insect parasite, an insect parasitoid does not reproduce (except fo ...
Disturbance regime and limits on benefits of - Everglades-HUB
... samples are calculated. We used ANOSIM tests to determine if average rank similarities between sites within seasons were greater than average rank similarities between seasons. The significance of global R statistics from ANOSIM tests was assessed by comparing the global value to a null distribution ...
... samples are calculated. We used ANOSIM tests to determine if average rank similarities between sites within seasons were greater than average rank similarities between seasons. The significance of global R statistics from ANOSIM tests was assessed by comparing the global value to a null distribution ...
Land-use intensification reduces functional redundancy and
... species whose ecological effects are similar, then any given species pool may be classified into Ôfunctional effect groupsÕ, based on the traits which determine these effects (Hooper et al. 2002; Lavorel & Garnier 2002). The degree of redundancy within a functional effect group is the number of spec ...
... species whose ecological effects are similar, then any given species pool may be classified into Ôfunctional effect groupsÕ, based on the traits which determine these effects (Hooper et al. 2002; Lavorel & Garnier 2002). The degree of redundancy within a functional effect group is the number of spec ...
Have coral snake mimics diversified more than non-mimics?
... unpalatability or hazard of the model with the warning signals of the deceiver. Once this association is ...
... unpalatability or hazard of the model with the warning signals of the deceiver. Once this association is ...
predator accelerated replacement
... 1996, Hart and Gardner 1997, Kolar and Lodge 2001). Evidence suggests that most exotic species introductions will fail (Ehrlich 1989, Simberloff and Stiling 1996, Mack et al 2000, Kolar and Lodge 2001). Inevitably, some exotic species do become established. Factors that determine community assemblag ...
... 1996, Hart and Gardner 1997, Kolar and Lodge 2001). Evidence suggests that most exotic species introductions will fail (Ehrlich 1989, Simberloff and Stiling 1996, Mack et al 2000, Kolar and Lodge 2001). Inevitably, some exotic species do become established. Factors that determine community assemblag ...
Mountain Biodiversity and global change
... and animal breeds as a result of genetic selection efforts. Similarly, various land use management practices such as irrigated agriculture using sophisticated water transport systems, agro-silvopastoralism and seasonal transhumance further enhancing the multitude of small-scale habitats with a highl ...
... and animal breeds as a result of genetic selection efforts. Similarly, various land use management practices such as irrigated agriculture using sophisticated water transport systems, agro-silvopastoralism and seasonal transhumance further enhancing the multitude of small-scale habitats with a highl ...
Developing Biodiversity Indicators for Los Angeles County
... The Red List The Red List Index is a biodiversity indicator that looks at species’ population size, rate of decline, and area of distribution. The relative rate at which species in a particular group changes is measured and categorized based on the endangerment of species, from “least concerned” ...
... The Red List The Red List Index is a biodiversity indicator that looks at species’ population size, rate of decline, and area of distribution. The relative rate at which species in a particular group changes is measured and categorized based on the endangerment of species, from “least concerned” ...
Spatial discordance in fish, coral, and sponge assemblages across
... Coral reef ecosystems support highly diverse and productive faunal communities. Occupying less than 0.1% of ocean surface area, coral reefs may contain up to 40% of all fish species (Moyle & Cech 2003), as well as representatives of most invertebrate metazoan phyla. Much effort in community ecology ...
... Coral reef ecosystems support highly diverse and productive faunal communities. Occupying less than 0.1% of ocean surface area, coral reefs may contain up to 40% of all fish species (Moyle & Cech 2003), as well as representatives of most invertebrate metazoan phyla. Much effort in community ecology ...
compare - CURRENT ZOOLOGY
... in orchid mantis femoral lobe and abdomen shape. Geometric morphometric techniques assess variation in shape based on the relative position of landmarks in an arbitrary co-ordinate system (Rohlf and Marcus, 1993). These landmarks are positioned based on homologous features of the structure in questi ...
... in orchid mantis femoral lobe and abdomen shape. Geometric morphometric techniques assess variation in shape based on the relative position of landmarks in an arbitrary co-ordinate system (Rohlf and Marcus, 1993). These landmarks are positioned based on homologous features of the structure in questi ...
Entomology in Ecuador - Horizon documentation-IRD
... anthropogenic changes are still incompletely known. The wide diversity of habitats that Ecuador possesses in a small area makes it an ideal location for biodiversity, ecological and evolutionary research. Although the ...
... anthropogenic changes are still incompletely known. The wide diversity of habitats that Ecuador possesses in a small area makes it an ideal location for biodiversity, ecological and evolutionary research. Although the ...
Information about GB Non-native Species Risk Assessments
... in the Risk Assessment area, in the open, in protected conditions or both? Does the organism require another species for critical stages in its life cycle such as growth (e.g. root symbionts), reproduction (e.g. pollinators; egg incubators), spread (e.g. seed dispersers) and transmission, (e.g. vect ...
... in the Risk Assessment area, in the open, in protected conditions or both? Does the organism require another species for critical stages in its life cycle such as growth (e.g. root symbionts), reproduction (e.g. pollinators; egg incubators), spread (e.g. seed dispersers) and transmission, (e.g. vect ...
Theoretical ecology
Theoretical ecology is the scientific discipline devoted to the study of ecological systems using theoretical methods such as simple conceptual models, mathematical models, computational simulations, and advanced data analysis. Effective models improve understanding of the natural world by revealing how the dynamics of species populations are often based on fundamental biological conditions and processes. Further, the field aims to unify a diverse range of empirical observations by assuming that common, mechanistic processes generate observable phenomena across species and ecological environments. Based on biologically realistic assumptions, theoretical ecologists are able to uncover novel, non-intuitive insights about natural processes. Theoretical results are often verified by empirical and observational studies, revealing the power of theoretical methods in both predicting and understanding the noisy, diverse biological world.The field is broad and includes foundations in applied mathematics, computer science, biology, statistical physics, genetics, chemistry, evolution, and conservation biology. Theoretical ecology aims to explain a diverse range of phenomena in the life sciences, such as population growth and dynamics, fisheries, competition, evolutionary theory, epidemiology, animal behavior and group dynamics, food webs, ecosystems, spatial ecology, and the effects of climate change.Theoretical ecology has further benefited from the advent of fast computing power, allowing the analysis and visualization of large-scale computational simulations of ecological phenomena. Importantly, these modern tools provide quantitative predictions about the effects of human induced environmental change on a diverse variety of ecological phenomena, such as: species invasions, climate change, the effect of fishing and hunting on food network stability, and the global carbon cycle.