long-term effects of rodent herbivores on tree invasion dynamics
... the high-density vole enclosures to help maintain differences between the vole density treatments. A five by five array of live traps with 7.5 m between traps (Fig. 1) was established within each enclosure. This array was used to maintain the vole density treatments as well as to monitor changes in ...
... the high-density vole enclosures to help maintain differences between the vole density treatments. A five by five array of live traps with 7.5 m between traps (Fig. 1) was established within each enclosure. This array was used to maintain the vole density treatments as well as to monitor changes in ...
Effects of Climate Change on the Canadian Arctic Wildlife
... wildlife populations (and ultimately humans) may be mitigated or used through sound management. Our overall goal is to provide the wildlife-related knowledge necessary to conduct the integrated regional impact studies of the “Eastern Arctic” and “Hudson Bay”, two of the four regions identified by Ar ...
... wildlife populations (and ultimately humans) may be mitigated or used through sound management. Our overall goal is to provide the wildlife-related knowledge necessary to conduct the integrated regional impact studies of the “Eastern Arctic” and “Hudson Bay”, two of the four regions identified by Ar ...
Axis axis, Chital
... Chital easily habituates to human presence, and herds often congregate in open areas near habitation or forest camps to spend the night, possibly due to greater safety from predators and poachers that shy away from these areas (Raman 2013). Chital eats a wide variety of plants: about 160–190 have be ...
... Chital easily habituates to human presence, and herds often congregate in open areas near habitation or forest camps to spend the night, possibly due to greater safety from predators and poachers that shy away from these areas (Raman 2013). Chital eats a wide variety of plants: about 160–190 have be ...
aquatic and terrestrial habitat selection by - ETH E
... We conclude that the terrestrial area requirements of amphibians depend on the productivity and spatiotemporal complexity of landscapes and that differential space use may facilitate their co-existence. The particular contribution of this study was our emphasis on behavior-based scale definitions. B ...
... We conclude that the terrestrial area requirements of amphibians depend on the productivity and spatiotemporal complexity of landscapes and that differential space use may facilitate their co-existence. The particular contribution of this study was our emphasis on behavior-based scale definitions. B ...
Invasion processes and causes of success.
... (Elton 1958). Invasive ants are excellent organisms with which to pursue this goal, in part because ants as a group play a variety of important ecological roles within biological communities (Hölldobler and Wilson 1990). Ant invasions hold much potential for improving an understanding of ecological ...
... (Elton 1958). Invasive ants are excellent organisms with which to pursue this goal, in part because ants as a group play a variety of important ecological roles within biological communities (Hölldobler and Wilson 1990). Ant invasions hold much potential for improving an understanding of ecological ...
Community structure of soil inhabiting nematodes in an apple
... web [16]. When attributes of soil nematode communities are quantified through measures such as diversity index [17] or maturity index, an indication of relative soil biological or ecological health is obtained, which can be used as one measure to address issues of change in ecological condition of s ...
... web [16]. When attributes of soil nematode communities are quantified through measures such as diversity index [17] or maturity index, an indication of relative soil biological or ecological health is obtained, which can be used as one measure to address issues of change in ecological condition of s ...
Evolutionary Conservation Biology
... longer afford to ignore them. To tackle this challenge, currently disparate areas of conservation biology ought to be integrated into a unified framework. Bringing together conservation genetics, demography, and ecology, this book introduces evolutionary conservation biology as an integrative approa ...
... longer afford to ignore them. To tackle this challenge, currently disparate areas of conservation biology ought to be integrated into a unified framework. Bringing together conservation genetics, demography, and ecology, this book introduces evolutionary conservation biology as an integrative approa ...
Australian Society for Kangaroos - Commissioner for Sustainability
... Lethal control programs in regard to kangaroos, is known to be a cruel, simplistic and unnecessary response to complex ecological and often political situations. Historically, starvation has been used to justify large-scale slaughter of remnant kangaroo populations, however when investigated, it is ...
... Lethal control programs in regard to kangaroos, is known to be a cruel, simplistic and unnecessary response to complex ecological and often political situations. Historically, starvation has been used to justify large-scale slaughter of remnant kangaroo populations, however when investigated, it is ...
squid - Wild Oceans
... • Examine how the populations of major squid predators are likely to change in future years, especially in light of efforts to stop overfishing and implement rebuilding plans, and what implications an increase in the number of predators has for future management decisions. • Encourage other countrie ...
... • Examine how the populations of major squid predators are likely to change in future years, especially in light of efforts to stop overfishing and implement rebuilding plans, and what implications an increase in the number of predators has for future management decisions. • Encourage other countrie ...
Influence of Alternate Host Densities on Brown
... Stuart Avenue, Lake Wales, FL 33853. 3 Correspondingauthor. ...
... Stuart Avenue, Lake Wales, FL 33853. 3 Correspondingauthor. ...
First light for avian embryos
... thickness was measured in the 74 species using a specifically modified constant measurement force micrometre (Mitutoyo Series 227– 203) to an accuracy of 1 lm using a measurement force of 15N as previously described (Maurer, Portugal & Cassey 2011). Three measurements were obtained at the equator for ...
... thickness was measured in the 74 species using a specifically modified constant measurement force micrometre (Mitutoyo Series 227– 203) to an accuracy of 1 lm using a measurement force of 15N as previously described (Maurer, Portugal & Cassey 2011). Three measurements were obtained at the equator for ...
practice populations test (with answers)
... e. none of these is affected c. immigration Which of the following is not a result of the Industrial Revolution? a. increased food supply b. higher percentage of farming c. increase in carrying capacity of the Earth d. lower percentage of people farming e. decline in death rate A population pyramid ...
... e. none of these is affected c. immigration Which of the following is not a result of the Industrial Revolution? a. increased food supply b. higher percentage of farming c. increase in carrying capacity of the Earth d. lower percentage of people farming e. decline in death rate A population pyramid ...
The Auk 128(4)
... Pisaster handling time model.—We used a linear mixed effects model to analyze the relationship between handling time and Pisaster size (measured as length of the longest ray), setting individual gull as a random effect to account for multiple handling time observations taken from some individuals. H ...
... Pisaster handling time model.—We used a linear mixed effects model to analyze the relationship between handling time and Pisaster size (measured as length of the longest ray), setting individual gull as a random effect to account for multiple handling time observations taken from some individuals. H ...
Exotic plant invasions to the mediterranean region of Chile: causes
... populations (Lodge 1993, Kolar & Lodge 2001) and in some cases, surpass the abundance and geographic distribution of comparable native species (Lodge 1993). Although the existence of biological invasions had been noted for some time (Darwin 1872, Elton 1958), it has only been in the last two decades ...
... populations (Lodge 1993, Kolar & Lodge 2001) and in some cases, surpass the abundance and geographic distribution of comparable native species (Lodge 1993). Although the existence of biological invasions had been noted for some time (Darwin 1872, Elton 1958), it has only been in the last two decades ...
Stochastic models reveal conditions for cyclic dominance in sockeye
... magister; Botsford and Wickham 1978, Botsford 1997). The deterministic nature of this type of population dynamics allows investigations of causal mechanisms to rely on the fact that if population parameters satisfy the conditions required for cyclic behavior (e.g., the rate of cannibalism of adults ...
... magister; Botsford and Wickham 1978, Botsford 1997). The deterministic nature of this type of population dynamics allows investigations of causal mechanisms to rely on the fact that if population parameters satisfy the conditions required for cyclic behavior (e.g., the rate of cannibalism of adults ...
The effects of landscape fragmentation on
... we conducted a search of the ISI Web of Science database. We searched for articles containing ‘‘frag*’’ and ‘‘poll*’’ in the topic field (Topic=[frag* AND poll*], Timespan=19702009, Databases=SCI-EXPANDED, SSCI.) and ‘‘Ecology’’ as a subject area option. This resulted in a list of 761 articles. Whil ...
... we conducted a search of the ISI Web of Science database. We searched for articles containing ‘‘frag*’’ and ‘‘poll*’’ in the topic field (Topic=[frag* AND poll*], Timespan=19702009, Databases=SCI-EXPANDED, SSCI.) and ‘‘Ecology’’ as a subject area option. This resulted in a list of 761 articles. Whil ...
PDF
... choice, in particular the Fisher-Lande-Kirkpatrick model (Fisher 1930; Lande 1981; Kirkpatrick 1982; Prum 2010). In this model, there is genetic variation in both female preferences for a male secondary sexual trait and the male trait itself. Female choice and nonrandom mating leads to the buildup o ...
... choice, in particular the Fisher-Lande-Kirkpatrick model (Fisher 1930; Lande 1981; Kirkpatrick 1982; Prum 2010). In this model, there is genetic variation in both female preferences for a male secondary sexual trait and the male trait itself. Female choice and nonrandom mating leads to the buildup o ...
Western Grassland Reserves interim management
... Nature conservation in a human landscape The primary aim of the Western Grassland Reserves will be nature conservation. The reserves will be ‘protected areas’ in line with international standards (IUCN; Dudley 2008). However, the exact legal status of the reserves is yet to be determined, and an ov ...
... Nature conservation in a human landscape The primary aim of the Western Grassland Reserves will be nature conservation. The reserves will be ‘protected areas’ in line with international standards (IUCN; Dudley 2008). However, the exact legal status of the reserves is yet to be determined, and an ov ...
Leptodora kindtii population dynamics in the island region of
... Leptodora kindtii population dynamics in the island region of western Lake Erie before and after the invasion of the predacious cladoceran Bythotrephes longimanus K.E. SIMPSON, Department of Biology, Niagara University, Lewiston, NY, and Department of Environmental, Earth and Ocean Sciences, Univers ...
... Leptodora kindtii population dynamics in the island region of western Lake Erie before and after the invasion of the predacious cladoceran Bythotrephes longimanus K.E. SIMPSON, Department of Biology, Niagara University, Lewiston, NY, and Department of Environmental, Earth and Ocean Sciences, Univers ...
Geologic 2. NSW karst environments
... the treasure chests of time enough for a person to enter. These cavernous karst environments range in size and significance from small outcrops with a few small caves and sinkholes, to karst landscapes with multiple surface features and hundreds of caves. The karst environments of NSW are amongst th ...
... the treasure chests of time enough for a person to enter. These cavernous karst environments range in size and significance from small outcrops with a few small caves and sinkholes, to karst landscapes with multiple surface features and hundreds of caves. The karst environments of NSW are amongst th ...
Theoretical ecology
Theoretical ecology is the scientific discipline devoted to the study of ecological systems using theoretical methods such as simple conceptual models, mathematical models, computational simulations, and advanced data analysis. Effective models improve understanding of the natural world by revealing how the dynamics of species populations are often based on fundamental biological conditions and processes. Further, the field aims to unify a diverse range of empirical observations by assuming that common, mechanistic processes generate observable phenomena across species and ecological environments. Based on biologically realistic assumptions, theoretical ecologists are able to uncover novel, non-intuitive insights about natural processes. Theoretical results are often verified by empirical and observational studies, revealing the power of theoretical methods in both predicting and understanding the noisy, diverse biological world.The field is broad and includes foundations in applied mathematics, computer science, biology, statistical physics, genetics, chemistry, evolution, and conservation biology. Theoretical ecology aims to explain a diverse range of phenomena in the life sciences, such as population growth and dynamics, fisheries, competition, evolutionary theory, epidemiology, animal behavior and group dynamics, food webs, ecosystems, spatial ecology, and the effects of climate change.Theoretical ecology has further benefited from the advent of fast computing power, allowing the analysis and visualization of large-scale computational simulations of ecological phenomena. Importantly, these modern tools provide quantitative predictions about the effects of human induced environmental change on a diverse variety of ecological phenomena, such as: species invasions, climate change, the effect of fishing and hunting on food network stability, and the global carbon cycle.