Plastic responses in juvenile wood frog (Rana sylvatica)
... ability to sense predator-released chemical cues. The juvenile frogs collected for this study were in early post-metamorphic stages and beginning to emerge. It is possible that not enough time had passed for the morphological effects to appear. Future studies should focus on the relationship between ...
... ability to sense predator-released chemical cues. The juvenile frogs collected for this study were in early post-metamorphic stages and beginning to emerge. It is possible that not enough time had passed for the morphological effects to appear. Future studies should focus on the relationship between ...
Deep Sea Hydrothermal Vent Ecosystems
... There is no soil at the vents only volcanic, dark grained, igneous rock called basalt. Cracks appear due to tectonic activity allowing water to seep down and leech minerals before it is spewed up again and covers the area with mineral deposits, creating chimneys and mounds. Topographical organisatio ...
... There is no soil at the vents only volcanic, dark grained, igneous rock called basalt. Cracks appear due to tectonic activity allowing water to seep down and leech minerals before it is spewed up again and covers the area with mineral deposits, creating chimneys and mounds. Topographical organisatio ...
753
... climate and weather actually had strong predictive power, but only when both direct effects (on sheep) and indirect effects (on their food supply) were accounted for (Hallett et al., 2004). This example raises the specter of why we cannot always simply take large-scale measurements of environmental ...
... climate and weather actually had strong predictive power, but only when both direct effects (on sheep) and indirect effects (on their food supply) were accounted for (Hallett et al., 2004). This example raises the specter of why we cannot always simply take large-scale measurements of environmental ...
Invasive Species - South Bay Salt Pond Restoration Project
... to undermine restoration efforts. Factors considered in this determination include the species’ colonization or spread rates, potential to harm or displace special status species, potential to disrupt the natural food web, ability to cause structural ecosystem alterations, and in one case, may have ...
... to undermine restoration efforts. Factors considered in this determination include the species’ colonization or spread rates, potential to harm or displace special status species, potential to disrupt the natural food web, ability to cause structural ecosystem alterations, and in one case, may have ...
How mutualisms between plants and insects are
... sinks, then partner-fidelity feedback is the likely mechanism. This plant response is likely to be a pre-adaptation to tissue damage or altered source–sink dynamics, which might come about by a variety of abnormal factors such as, poorly developing seeds due to self-pollination or other incompatibil ...
... sinks, then partner-fidelity feedback is the likely mechanism. This plant response is likely to be a pre-adaptation to tissue damage or altered source–sink dynamics, which might come about by a variety of abnormal factors such as, poorly developing seeds due to self-pollination or other incompatibil ...
Mathematics
... 53.541 Applied Statistics (3) A comprehensive treatment of applications of statistical methodology in practice, and development of statistical techniques for real world problem solving. Prerequisite: A first course in statistics. 53.546 Biostatistics (3) - An introduction to the concepts and methods ...
... 53.541 Applied Statistics (3) A comprehensive treatment of applications of statistical methodology in practice, and development of statistical techniques for real world problem solving. Prerequisite: A first course in statistics. 53.546 Biostatistics (3) - An introduction to the concepts and methods ...
Seicercus and Phylloscopus the Old World leaf warblers ( The roles
... et al. 2009), resulting in an approximately 50 per cent increase in the number of recognized continental *[email protected] Electronic supplementary material is available at http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1098/rstb.2009.0269 or via http://rstb.royalsocietypublishing.org. One contribution of 11 to a Theme I ...
... et al. 2009), resulting in an approximately 50 per cent increase in the number of recognized continental *[email protected] Electronic supplementary material is available at http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1098/rstb.2009.0269 or via http://rstb.royalsocietypublishing.org. One contribution of 11 to a Theme I ...
Cold-water coral
... carbonate mounds up to 300m in height 1. Although octocorals are not reef-forming, they can form complex single- or multi-species assemblages, particularly in combination with the other three groups of cold-water corals. They are certainly unique ecosystems in terms of being ‘ecosystem engineers’ th ...
... carbonate mounds up to 300m in height 1. Although octocorals are not reef-forming, they can form complex single- or multi-species assemblages, particularly in combination with the other three groups of cold-water corals. They are certainly unique ecosystems in terms of being ‘ecosystem engineers’ th ...
Chinese Annals of Mathematics, Series BA Mathematical Model with
... hosts and the intermediate snails are not constants in a community. This approach leads to a system of four delay differential equations. Consider a relatively isolated community where there are not immigration or emigration, each group of definitive hosts (human or animals) may be infected by Schis ...
... hosts and the intermediate snails are not constants in a community. This approach leads to a system of four delay differential equations. Consider a relatively isolated community where there are not immigration or emigration, each group of definitive hosts (human or animals) may be infected by Schis ...
Cold-water coral
... carbonate mounds up to 300m in height 1. Although octocorals are not reef-forming, they can form complex single- or multi-species assemblages, particularly in combination with the other three groups of cold-water corals. They are certainly unique ecosystems in terms of being ‘ecosystem engineers’ th ...
... carbonate mounds up to 300m in height 1. Although octocorals are not reef-forming, they can form complex single- or multi-species assemblages, particularly in combination with the other three groups of cold-water corals. They are certainly unique ecosystems in terms of being ‘ecosystem engineers’ th ...
Progress in Physical Geography
... mm (Walsh, 1996a). This climatic favourability provides optimum conditions for plant growth (Connell and Orias, 1964). Rates of reproduction are elevated as little energy is expended on internal regulation. Large populations result, which incorporate healthy genetic diversity and reduce extinction. ...
... mm (Walsh, 1996a). This climatic favourability provides optimum conditions for plant growth (Connell and Orias, 1964). Rates of reproduction are elevated as little energy is expended on internal regulation. Large populations result, which incorporate healthy genetic diversity and reduce extinction. ...
Effects of the non-native amphibian species Discoglossus pictus on
... succeed and others fail in establishing themselves and spreading over a range into which they have been introduced, but quantifying the consequences of invasion on native communities is much more difficult. However, the negative impact of biological invasions on communities and ecosystem dynamics is ...
... succeed and others fail in establishing themselves and spreading over a range into which they have been introduced, but quantifying the consequences of invasion on native communities is much more difficult. However, the negative impact of biological invasions on communities and ecosystem dynamics is ...
Shrubs as ecosystem engineers in a coastal dune: influences on
... Sonoma Coast State Beaches, adjacent to the University of California Bodega Marine Reserve. This region is characterized by a Mediterranean-type climate, with 90% of annual precipitation occurring between October and April (Barbour et al. 1973). The sandy top soils of this dune system contain very l ...
... Sonoma Coast State Beaches, adjacent to the University of California Bodega Marine Reserve. This region is characterized by a Mediterranean-type climate, with 90% of annual precipitation occurring between October and April (Barbour et al. 1973). The sandy top soils of this dune system contain very l ...
Resource Resilience, Human Niche Construction, and the Long
... being able to survive the loss through predation or other factors of more than half of their population on an annual basis, white-tailed deer populations also have the capacity to rapidly expand back into and repopulate areas hard hit by human harvesting (Wolverton et al. 2008). In addition to being ...
... being able to survive the loss through predation or other factors of more than half of their population on an annual basis, white-tailed deer populations also have the capacity to rapidly expand back into and repopulate areas hard hit by human harvesting (Wolverton et al. 2008). In addition to being ...
Diadema antillarum (Long-spined Black Urchin)
... travel at night into the surrounding beds of seagrass and produce bare “halos” next to reefs by eating algae and seagrasses. Juvenile reef fish and juvenile spiny lobsters take shelter in the spines. Two uncharacterized species of palaemonid shrimps are present among the spines, living as commensals ...
... travel at night into the surrounding beds of seagrass and produce bare “halos” next to reefs by eating algae and seagrasses. Juvenile reef fish and juvenile spiny lobsters take shelter in the spines. Two uncharacterized species of palaemonid shrimps are present among the spines, living as commensals ...
Life history
... Charnov’s life history cube may be most useful when comparing life histories across broad range of taxonomy or size Grime’s scheme may be best for comparisons between plant taxa r–K continuum is useful in relating life history characteristics to population growth characteristics ...
... Charnov’s life history cube may be most useful when comparing life histories across broad range of taxonomy or size Grime’s scheme may be best for comparisons between plant taxa r–K continuum is useful in relating life history characteristics to population growth characteristics ...
Integrating spatial and temporal approaches to understanding
... 1995) and for conservation applications (Guilhaumon et al. 2008). (c) Species – time relationships The STR is a direct temporal analogue of the SAR, describing how the number of species observed in a given area increases with the time-span of sampling (figure 1a; Rosenzweig 1995; Carey et al. 2007; ...
... 1995) and for conservation applications (Guilhaumon et al. 2008). (c) Species – time relationships The STR is a direct temporal analogue of the SAR, describing how the number of species observed in a given area increases with the time-span of sampling (figure 1a; Rosenzweig 1995; Carey et al. 2007; ...
044-D`Ambra - International Aquarium Forum
... medusae in captivity. After many attempts, Browne (1897) understood that water motion was the key problem for the maintenance of living jellyfish in an aquarium. He created currents in a bell jar, containing the jellyfish, by slowly moving a glass plate. He called it a “plunger” bell jar and used it ...
... medusae in captivity. After many attempts, Browne (1897) understood that water motion was the key problem for the maintenance of living jellyfish in an aquarium. He created currents in a bell jar, containing the jellyfish, by slowly moving a glass plate. He called it a “plunger” bell jar and used it ...
Effects of resource abundance on habitat selection and spatial
... individual during its normal activities of food gathering, mating and caring for young (BURT 1943). However, a home range may also be used to define the amount of space used by an animal at a certain age, in a certain season, or may simply be confined to the period of a study (ZHIGAREV 2005). The te ...
... individual during its normal activities of food gathering, mating and caring for young (BURT 1943). However, a home range may also be used to define the amount of space used by an animal at a certain age, in a certain season, or may simply be confined to the period of a study (ZHIGAREV 2005). The te ...
Envirothon Skull Reference Resource
... the incisors. Some species do not have canines or have canines that are small and appear to me more like incisors. The more typical canines are pointy and sharp and are used for piercing, holding and tearing. Pre-molars are found on the sides of the jaw, next to the canines (if there are canines). T ...
... the incisors. Some species do not have canines or have canines that are small and appear to me more like incisors. The more typical canines are pointy and sharp and are used for piercing, holding and tearing. Pre-molars are found on the sides of the jaw, next to the canines (if there are canines). T ...
David Golowo, Jr
... dominant. They theorized that marine planktivore’s predation on planktons affects the population and survival rate of the plankton. In a lake where there is an abundance of plankton, the predators ( planktivores ) have a choice of prey size. They prey upon the larger planktons until they go out of e ...
... dominant. They theorized that marine planktivore’s predation on planktons affects the population and survival rate of the plankton. In a lake where there is an abundance of plankton, the predators ( planktivores ) have a choice of prey size. They prey upon the larger planktons until they go out of e ...
Theoretical ecology
Theoretical ecology is the scientific discipline devoted to the study of ecological systems using theoretical methods such as simple conceptual models, mathematical models, computational simulations, and advanced data analysis. Effective models improve understanding of the natural world by revealing how the dynamics of species populations are often based on fundamental biological conditions and processes. Further, the field aims to unify a diverse range of empirical observations by assuming that common, mechanistic processes generate observable phenomena across species and ecological environments. Based on biologically realistic assumptions, theoretical ecologists are able to uncover novel, non-intuitive insights about natural processes. Theoretical results are often verified by empirical and observational studies, revealing the power of theoretical methods in both predicting and understanding the noisy, diverse biological world.The field is broad and includes foundations in applied mathematics, computer science, biology, statistical physics, genetics, chemistry, evolution, and conservation biology. Theoretical ecology aims to explain a diverse range of phenomena in the life sciences, such as population growth and dynamics, fisheries, competition, evolutionary theory, epidemiology, animal behavior and group dynamics, food webs, ecosystems, spatial ecology, and the effects of climate change.Theoretical ecology has further benefited from the advent of fast computing power, allowing the analysis and visualization of large-scale computational simulations of ecological phenomena. Importantly, these modern tools provide quantitative predictions about the effects of human induced environmental change on a diverse variety of ecological phenomena, such as: species invasions, climate change, the effect of fishing and hunting on food network stability, and the global carbon cycle.