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Population spatial structure, human
Population spatial structure, human

... There are practical implications of this finding. For example it suggests that, given a certain amount of habitat loss due to ...
Population Ecology
Population Ecology

... Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings ...
Keeping the herds healthy and alert - People
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... There are limitations on this result as excessive predation can have a greater impact than parasitism (in which case the population is regulated by the predators). Thus, ‘host release’ is only expected when initial predation rates are low to moderate (Fig. 3b). The results of these models are more s ...
Rebuilding Global Fisheries - Department of Marine and Coastal
Rebuilding Global Fisheries - Department of Marine and Coastal

... sustainable yield (MMSY) and decrease thereafter. In this example, the corresponding exploitation rate that gives maximum yield uMMSY is ~0.45, and total community biomass BMMSY equilibrates at ~35% of unfished biomass (Fig. 2). Overfishing occurs when u exceeds uMMSY, whereas rebuilding requires re ...
Dens et al.
Dens et al.

... As a complement to fitting the Lotka – Volterra competition model to experimental data, population density time series can be simulated for scenarios consisting of specified values of the model parameters and initial population densities. For illustrative purposes, consider a simple, two-species mic ...
spatial selection and inheritance: applying evolutionary concepts to
spatial selection and inheritance: applying evolutionary concepts to

... relationship with predictions from the breeder’s equation (Fig. 1A), and after several generations k approached an asymptotic value that was inversely related to median dispersal distance (Fig. 1B). For certain parameter values, spatial selection and inheritance caused k to reach an asymptotic value ...
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Pulsed resources and community dynamics of consumers in

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Estimating cost functions for the four large carnivores in Sweden
Estimating cost functions for the four large carnivores in Sweden

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Comparative growth rates and yields of ciliates and heterotrophic
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Limitation of population recovery - Cooperative Institute for the North
Limitation of population recovery - Cooperative Institute for the North

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ecology culminating project
ecology culminating project

... Extend your thinking: In North America, many top predators, such as wolves, have been driven nearly to extinction. What effect do you think this has on their main prey, deer? Write your answer below, and/or discuss with your classmates and teacher. ...
Part I: chapters, but I will cover them rapidly. ​The outlines will be
Part I: chapters, but I will cover them rapidly. ​The outlines will be

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... All these models make a series of simplifying assumptions • A homogenous world in which there are no refuges for the prey or different habitats. • There is one predator species eating one prey species and there are no other species involved in the dynamics of these two populations • Relaxing these ...
Successful Invasion of a Food Web in a Chemostat
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... populations but only m of them have at least one predator. For example, in the food web in Figure 2 there are n = 3 competitors, but only m = 2 of them have at least one predator population. ‘I’= { i,, i, } = { 1,3}. Also, r,, indicates how many predators the i,th competitor has. In Figure 2, compet ...
Marine Science - Mathematics and Statistics
Marine Science - Mathematics and Statistics

... effects of balanced and other patterns of exploitation on marine ecosystems (for background on size-spectra dynamics, see Benoı̂t and Rochet, 2004; Andersen and Beyer, 2006; Blanchard et al., 2009; Datta et al., 2010). The paper develops an approach taken by Rochet and Benoı̂t (2011) who found varia ...
Workshop on Predation – Thomas Herbert, Ph.D. I. Basics of the
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... migrate to an area where there are others of your species. 5. (Lynx) Recall the data on the relationship between lynx and hare populations as analyzed by MacLulich. What is your relationship to the trappers? (Consider all possibilities.) Predation: The trappers are your predators when they trap you. ...
Population Dynamics ppt
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Climate change and southern calamary
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... Thus, with respect to potential changes in growth rate of the Tasmanian population under a regime of elevated temperatures, several outcomes (not mutually exclusive) are possible. Firstly, if individuals are able to obtain sufficient resources (both food and oxygen, see below) growth rates will incr ...
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A severe predator-induced population decline predicted

... However recent research has revealed two important details about swift parrot ecology. First, spatio-temporal fluctuation in food availability drives unpredictable annual movements by swift parrots, causing the population to select entirely different breeding sites each year across a breeding range o ...
File - Science Source
File - Science Source

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INTRODUCTION

... Extend your thinking: In North America, many top predators, such as wolves, have been driven nearly to extinction. What effect do you think this has on their main prey, deer? Write your answer on a separate sheet, and/or discuss with your classmates and teacher. ...
Net Primary Productivity - Sonoma Valley High School
Net Primary Productivity - Sonoma Valley High School

... • Pages 371-372 ...
DENSITY AND SIZE CLASS DISTRIBUTION OF YELLOW
DENSITY AND SIZE CLASS DISTRIBUTION OF YELLOW

... indicated that no slider turtles were present (Lewis 1946), suggesting the turtles likely colonized at some point after the golf course wetlands were created. Thus, although density at BHI is currently very high, further monitoring is needed to observe long-term changes to this population. Density o ...
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Maximum sustainable yield

In population ecology and economics, maximum sustainable yield or MSY is theoretically, the largest yield (or catch) that can be taken from a species' stock over an indefinite period. Fundamental to the notion of sustainable harvest, the concept of MSY aims to maintain the population size at the point of maximum growth rate by harvesting the individuals that would normally be added to the population, allowing the population to continue to be productive indefinitely. Under the assumption of logistic growth, resource limitation does not constrain individuals’ reproductive rates when populations are small, but because there are few individuals, the overall yield is small. At intermediate population densities, also represented by half the carrying capacity, individuals are able to breed to their maximum rate. At this point, called the maximum sustainable yield, there is a surplus of individuals that can be harvested because growth of the population is at its maximum point due to the large number of reproducing individuals. Above this point, density dependent factors increasingly limit breeding until the population reaches carrying capacity. At this point, there are no surplus individuals to be harvested and yield drops to zero. The maximum sustainable yield is usually higher than the optimum sustainable yield and maximum economic yield.MSY is extensively used for fisheries management. Unlike the logistic (Schaefer) model, MSY has been refined in most modern fisheries models and occurs at around 30% of the unexploited population size. This fraction differs among populations depending on the life history of the species and the age-specific selectivity of the fishing method.However, the approach has been widely criticized as ignoring several key factors involved in fisheries management and has led to the devastating collapse of many fisheries. As a simple calculation, it ignores the size and age of the animal being taken, its reproductive status, and it focuses solely on the species in question, ignoring the damage to the ecosystem caused by the designated level of exploitation and the issue of bycatch. Among conservation biologists it is widely regarded as dangerous and misused.
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