Common sense in fisheries management: the ecosystem
... information, assessment, decision and change of course as required. Experience shows that although the approach is often still perceived as too complex to be implementable, it is understood by the fisheries managers and stakeholders once put into practice. The most critical problems encountered are ...
... information, assessment, decision and change of course as required. Experience shows that although the approach is often still perceived as too complex to be implementable, it is understood by the fisheries managers and stakeholders once put into practice. The most critical problems encountered are ...
A shift from exploitation to interference competition with increasing
... However, interference competition becomes more important when consumer behavior affects the encounter rate. In the case of many squirrel species, these behaviors include territoriality, where individuals guard and defend highly productive trees, and hoarding (Gordon 1936). If one large squirrel hoar ...
... However, interference competition becomes more important when consumer behavior affects the encounter rate. In the case of many squirrel species, these behaviors include territoriality, where individuals guard and defend highly productive trees, and hoarding (Gordon 1936). If one large squirrel hoar ...
Slide 1: NATURAL HISTORY of WHITE
... Current population is higher that before European settlement. Native Americans and later: first European settlers were dependent on deer for subsistence, hides & meat, and population of deer were under control; natural predation was also occurring. By the late 1800s increased populations of se ...
... Current population is higher that before European settlement. Native Americans and later: first European settlers were dependent on deer for subsistence, hides & meat, and population of deer were under control; natural predation was also occurring. By the late 1800s increased populations of se ...
Population dynamics of red-backed voles (Myodes) in North America
... Red-backed voles are a major component of the small rodent community in the boreal and deciduous forests of North America. Though many demographic studies have been carried out on these voles in North America during the last 50 years, no one has brought these studies together to obtain a continent-w ...
... Red-backed voles are a major component of the small rodent community in the boreal and deciduous forests of North America. Though many demographic studies have been carried out on these voles in North America during the last 50 years, no one has brought these studies together to obtain a continent-w ...
Patch Size and Population Density: The Effect of Immigration
... patch size. All else being equal, this should result in a negative relationship between patch size and population density (Fig. 1). For example, seeds of yellow birch Betula lenta blow across packed snow and are deposited in depressions caused by uprooted trees, which constitute suitable sites for g ...
... patch size. All else being equal, this should result in a negative relationship between patch size and population density (Fig. 1). For example, seeds of yellow birch Betula lenta blow across packed snow and are deposited in depressions caused by uprooted trees, which constitute suitable sites for g ...
What makes a species common? No evidence of density
... values and the S for that census. These calculations assume a stable size distribution and size-independent mortality (above a size of 10 mm). For the first 2 years after the mass mortality (1984–1985) the size distribution was unstable and shifting to larger sizes (Levitan 1988a). The mortality rat ...
... values and the S for that census. These calculations assume a stable size distribution and size-independent mortality (above a size of 10 mm). For the first 2 years after the mass mortality (1984–1985) the size distribution was unstable and shifting to larger sizes (Levitan 1988a). The mortality rat ...
Experimental evidence for an ideal free distribution in a breeding
... of two basins with contrasting productivity was consistent with an IFD. The presence or absence of habitatspecific variation in per capita productivity can have very different consequences for population dynamics, not to mention conservation (Morris 2003). For example, given similar population size a ...
... of two basins with contrasting productivity was consistent with an IFD. The presence or absence of habitatspecific variation in per capita productivity can have very different consequences for population dynamics, not to mention conservation (Morris 2003). For example, given similar population size a ...
PDF
... With the decreased total mean resource rent, the variation of rent also decreased. This was also seen in the variation of mean harvest levels, which decreased for most sized protected areas. This hedge effect was lessened with increased dispersal. With increased dispersal (as g increases), the reli ...
... With the decreased total mean resource rent, the variation of rent also decreased. This was also seen in the variation of mean harvest levels, which decreased for most sized protected areas. This hedge effect was lessened with increased dispersal. With increased dispersal (as g increases), the reli ...
MFFG 20150310 Copgn MReport3
... 3.10 Simon Collins observed that if the cod mixed fisheries scenario were adopted, leading to a large cut in fishing opportunities for haddock and whiting, then particular problems would arise if a large haddock year class suddenly appeared. There would be a massive problem in avoiding haddock. Mich ...
... 3.10 Simon Collins observed that if the cod mixed fisheries scenario were adopted, leading to a large cut in fishing opportunities for haddock and whiting, then particular problems would arise if a large haddock year class suddenly appeared. There would be a massive problem in avoiding haddock. Mich ...
1 Vole population dynamics: factors affecting amplitudes of
... proposed seasonal changes in demographic variables, especially reproduction, to be responsible for seasonal patterns in population density. ...
... proposed seasonal changes in demographic variables, especially reproduction, to be responsible for seasonal patterns in population density. ...
Using the functional response of a consumer to predict biotic L
... response) and used these to estimate NZMS per capita mortality rates due to crayfish predation. We combined these estimates with field-based estimates of NZMS fecundity rates derived from the literature to forecast the probability of observing NZMS invasion vs. crayfishmediated biotic resistance over a ...
... response) and used these to estimate NZMS per capita mortality rates due to crayfish predation. We combined these estimates with field-based estimates of NZMS fecundity rates derived from the literature to forecast the probability of observing NZMS invasion vs. crayfishmediated biotic resistance over a ...
ocean acidification impacts on future phytoplankton communities
... increased growth rate under enhanced CO2 ...
... increased growth rate under enhanced CO2 ...
Allee Effects
... manifest are avoided (Stephens and Sutherland 1999). Other traits may be the result of selection on low-density populations. For example, displays, calls, and pheromones all widen the area over which males and females perceive mates, thus reducing mate limitation. These adaptations can also increase ...
... manifest are avoided (Stephens and Sutherland 1999). Other traits may be the result of selection on low-density populations. For example, displays, calls, and pheromones all widen the area over which males and females perceive mates, thus reducing mate limitation. These adaptations can also increase ...
Restoration Biology: A Population Biology Perspective
... fective population size, severe inbreeding depression, and a decrease in the adaptive evolutionary potential of the population (Barrett & Kohn 1991). How much genetic variation exists within a population of a given size and growth rate, and how it changes over time, are thus important to the long-te ...
... fective population size, severe inbreeding depression, and a decrease in the adaptive evolutionary potential of the population (Barrett & Kohn 1991). How much genetic variation exists within a population of a given size and growth rate, and how it changes over time, are thus important to the long-te ...
AP Biology Summer Assignment 2011-12
... graph, add a third line that approximates a population with an exponential value of 1.25. ...
... graph, add a third line that approximates a population with an exponential value of 1.25. ...
pico_baae_2009.doc
... individuals per population). Each individual was randomly assigned a 500-loci diploid genome. We stochastically projected each population for 10 years as described above. For each population and scenario, we estimated: (1) extinction probability, as the ratio between number of extinct runs (e.g. whe ...
... individuals per population). Each individual was randomly assigned a 500-loci diploid genome. We stochastically projected each population for 10 years as described above. For each population and scenario, we estimated: (1) extinction probability, as the ratio between number of extinct runs (e.g. whe ...
Economic instruments to achieve ecosystem objectives in fisheries
... species that has little conservation or commercial value but is detrimental to the biomass growth of a very valuable species can hardly be positive. In fact, most likely it is negative, meaning ...
... species that has little conservation or commercial value but is detrimental to the biomass growth of a very valuable species can hardly be positive. In fact, most likely it is negative, meaning ...
territorial behavior and population regulation in birds
... or uniform pattern of dispersion may occur in the latter situation without recognizable territories. It is consequently not safe to infer the existence of territoriality from dispersion data alone. Theoretically, if the territories were made small enough, all members of the population, regardless of ...
... or uniform pattern of dispersion may occur in the latter situation without recognizable territories. It is consequently not safe to infer the existence of territoriality from dispersion data alone. Theoretically, if the territories were made small enough, all members of the population, regardless of ...
Sample diversity adds value to non-invasive genetic
... Gathering accurate data for many species, particularly carnivores, can be problematic as they are often nocturnal, elusive and secretive, occur at low densities and may occupy large home ranges (Wilson and Delahay 2001; Mills et al. 2000; Riddle et al. 2003). In recent years, there has been increase ...
... Gathering accurate data for many species, particularly carnivores, can be problematic as they are often nocturnal, elusive and secretive, occur at low densities and may occupy large home ranges (Wilson and Delahay 2001; Mills et al. 2000; Riddle et al. 2003). In recent years, there has been increase ...
52 Population 07
... The lower survival rates of kestrels with larger broods indicate that caring for more offspring negatively affects survival of the parents. ...
... The lower survival rates of kestrels with larger broods indicate that caring for more offspring negatively affects survival of the parents. ...
Size and priority at settlement determine growth and competitive
... juvenile phase at 2 to 3 mo post-hatch (Lough et al. 1989).The length of time spent in this pelagic juvenile phase is variable and the transition from the pelagic to the demersal life stage appears to be a gradual process (Bolz & Lough 1988), with the fish becoming more demersally oriented as they g ...
... juvenile phase at 2 to 3 mo post-hatch (Lough et al. 1989).The length of time spent in this pelagic juvenile phase is variable and the transition from the pelagic to the demersal life stage appears to be a gradual process (Bolz & Lough 1988), with the fish becoming more demersally oriented as they g ...
Chapter 52: An Introduction to Ecology and the Biosphere
... reaches exponential growth more quickly than does the line with the value of 0.5. On this graph, add a third line that approximates a population with an exponential value of 1.25. What are two examples of conditions that might lead to exponential population growth in ...
... reaches exponential growth more quickly than does the line with the value of 0.5. On this graph, add a third line that approximates a population with an exponential value of 1.25. What are two examples of conditions that might lead to exponential population growth in ...
Population Cycles in Forest Lepidoptera Revisited
... of the species have a single generation per year, overwinter as eggs, and have peaks of population density every 6 to 11 years, with most outbreaks occurring every 8 to 10 years. In addition, the patterns of the population cycles are comparable in that the duration of the increase and peak phases te ...
... of the species have a single generation per year, overwinter as eggs, and have peaks of population density every 6 to 11 years, with most outbreaks occurring every 8 to 10 years. In addition, the patterns of the population cycles are comparable in that the duration of the increase and peak phases te ...
BIOL 4120: Principles of Ecology Lecture 12: Interspecific
... At low density, prey can seek refuge, avoid predators At low density, prey grows faster than predators Low stable equilibrium point well below its carrying capacity Resource-imposed equilibrium in some cases, prey population can move up from the consumer-imposed equilibrium, due to the limited numbe ...
... At low density, prey can seek refuge, avoid predators At low density, prey grows faster than predators Low stable equilibrium point well below its carrying capacity Resource-imposed equilibrium in some cases, prey population can move up from the consumer-imposed equilibrium, due to the limited numbe ...