RESPIRATION: SYNTHESIS OF ATP
... moves from inside to outside of membrane as electrons move from NADH to O2. ! H+ moves back to the inside through an enzyme --ATP synthetase--that forms ATP + H2O from ...
... moves from inside to outside of membrane as electrons move from NADH to O2. ! H+ moves back to the inside through an enzyme --ATP synthetase--that forms ATP + H2O from ...
Ch 6 Metabolism_ Energy and Enzymes
... 2H2O2 ----> 2H2O + O2 Hydrogen Peroxide is broken down by the enzyme catalase within cells. Potatoes hold the enzyme catalase, which will speed up the breakdown of hydrogen peroxide ...
... 2H2O2 ----> 2H2O + O2 Hydrogen Peroxide is broken down by the enzyme catalase within cells. Potatoes hold the enzyme catalase, which will speed up the breakdown of hydrogen peroxide ...
Ultimate AP BIOLOGY REVIE - Page County Public Schools
... chemiosmosis by which H+ ions are actively transported across the inner mitochondrial membrane into the outer mitochondrial compartment. The H+ ions then flow back through special pores in the membrane, a process that is thought to drive the process of ATP synthesis. c) net yield of 34 ATP per gluco ...
... chemiosmosis by which H+ ions are actively transported across the inner mitochondrial membrane into the outer mitochondrial compartment. The H+ ions then flow back through special pores in the membrane, a process that is thought to drive the process of ATP synthesis. c) net yield of 34 ATP per gluco ...
ANSWERS TO CHAPTER 3
... of Na+ ions outside the cell. As Na+ ions diffuse back into the cell, they bind to carrier molecules that also transport glucose into the cell. The energy from the diffusing Na+ ions makes it possible to move glucose against its concentration gradient, resulting in a greater concentration of glucose ...
... of Na+ ions outside the cell. As Na+ ions diffuse back into the cell, they bind to carrier molecules that also transport glucose into the cell. The energy from the diffusing Na+ ions makes it possible to move glucose against its concentration gradient, resulting in a greater concentration of glucose ...
Respiration
... including yeast and many bacteria, can survive using either fermentation or respiration. •At a cellular level, human muscle cells can behave as facultative anaerobes, but nerve cells cannot. •For facultative anaerobes, pyruvate is a fork in the metabolic road that leads to two alternative routes. ...
... including yeast and many bacteria, can survive using either fermentation or respiration. •At a cellular level, human muscle cells can behave as facultative anaerobes, but nerve cells cannot. •For facultative anaerobes, pyruvate is a fork in the metabolic road that leads to two alternative routes. ...
Anatomy of the Respiratory System
... (Oxygen is bonded with the molecules) 3. The carbohydrate molecule rearranges itself to create different molecules. (C6H12O6 + O2 = 6H2O + 6CO2 + Energy) 4. Energy is released, and biproducts are discarded or reused. H2O reused, CO2 released via lungs. ...
... (Oxygen is bonded with the molecules) 3. The carbohydrate molecule rearranges itself to create different molecules. (C6H12O6 + O2 = 6H2O + 6CO2 + Energy) 4. Energy is released, and biproducts are discarded or reused. H2O reused, CO2 released via lungs. ...
File
... 1. Glycolysis- “to break apart a sweet” Glucose is converted to pyruvate, producing a small amount of ATP and NADH (4 ATP are produced, but two are consumed for a net of 2 ATP). (Glycolysis occurs in the Cytoplasm). 2a. Aerobic, which requires oxygen produces 36 molecules of ATP for each molecule of ...
... 1. Glycolysis- “to break apart a sweet” Glucose is converted to pyruvate, producing a small amount of ATP and NADH (4 ATP are produced, but two are consumed for a net of 2 ATP). (Glycolysis occurs in the Cytoplasm). 2a. Aerobic, which requires oxygen produces 36 molecules of ATP for each molecule of ...
Translation Activity - SeaWorld/Busch Gardens ANIMALS
... Genetics: The science of heredity; the study of heritable information. Gene: One of many discrete units of hereditary information located on the chromosomes and consisting of DNA. Hemoglobin: An iron-containing protein in red blood cells that reversibly binds oxygen. Hormone: One of many types of ci ...
... Genetics: The science of heredity; the study of heritable information. Gene: One of many discrete units of hereditary information located on the chromosomes and consisting of DNA. Hemoglobin: An iron-containing protein in red blood cells that reversibly binds oxygen. Hormone: One of many types of ci ...
Amino Acids in Dairy Nutrition – Where Do They Fit?
... attention has been directed toward formulating diets on an amino acid basis. This makes sense because the tissues of the cow actually require amino acids for protein synthesis, rather than protein per se. The purpose of this paper is to provide some perspective to amino acid balancing together with ...
... attention has been directed toward formulating diets on an amino acid basis. This makes sense because the tissues of the cow actually require amino acids for protein synthesis, rather than protein per se. The purpose of this paper is to provide some perspective to amino acid balancing together with ...
Organelle Cards
... Job: carry packaged proteins from G.A. to the plasma membrane, join with the membrane and dump the protein into the bloodstream (teacher). ...
... Job: carry packaged proteins from G.A. to the plasma membrane, join with the membrane and dump the protein into the bloodstream (teacher). ...
Cell Respiration
... Cell respiration is the controlled release of energy from organic compounds in cells to form ATP. ...
... Cell respiration is the controlled release of energy from organic compounds in cells to form ATP. ...
Protein Synthesis
... held together by a peptide bond therefore making polypeptides. • The sequence of amino acids determine the shape and type of polypeptide or protein being made. • Proteins are made of one or more polypeptides. ...
... held together by a peptide bond therefore making polypeptides. • The sequence of amino acids determine the shape and type of polypeptide or protein being made. • Proteins are made of one or more polypeptides. ...
Biological Pathways I
... Those that convert energy into biologically useful forms are called catabolic pathways ...
... Those that convert energy into biologically useful forms are called catabolic pathways ...
Document
... analogy would be that small change (ATP) is often more useful than large bank notes (glucose). What is the energy in ATP used for? The processes in a cell that require energy can be put into three groups: Muscle contraction and other forms of movement, such as cilia, flagella, cytoplasmic streaming, ...
... analogy would be that small change (ATP) is often more useful than large bank notes (glucose). What is the energy in ATP used for? The processes in a cell that require energy can be put into three groups: Muscle contraction and other forms of movement, such as cilia, flagella, cytoplasmic streaming, ...
Exam #2 Review
... III. Metabolism - overview A. Catabolism = Harvesting energy released when a high-energy food molecule is BROKEN DOWN (oxidized, degraded). Glycolysis and the TCA cycle are basically catabolic pathways. However, because many of the intermediates formed in these pathways can serve as precursor metabo ...
... III. Metabolism - overview A. Catabolism = Harvesting energy released when a high-energy food molecule is BROKEN DOWN (oxidized, degraded). Glycolysis and the TCA cycle are basically catabolic pathways. However, because many of the intermediates formed in these pathways can serve as precursor metabo ...
Urea
... Ornithine transcarbamoylase deficiency • X-linked • Most common deficiency among all 5 enzymes • Males are predominantly affected • Females carriers are clinically affected All other urea cycle disorders are autosomal recessive ...
... Ornithine transcarbamoylase deficiency • X-linked • Most common deficiency among all 5 enzymes • Males are predominantly affected • Females carriers are clinically affected All other urea cycle disorders are autosomal recessive ...
Lec. 25 - Translation 3
... have peptidyl transferase (PT) activity. Drugs (e.g., Chloramphenicol) that inhibit PT bind to the 23S rRNA, in the PT loop of Domain V. Mutations that provide resistance to the drugs that inhibit PT map to the same loop. Nearly all (99%) of the protein can be stripped from the 50S subunit, and stil ...
... have peptidyl transferase (PT) activity. Drugs (e.g., Chloramphenicol) that inhibit PT bind to the 23S rRNA, in the PT loop of Domain V. Mutations that provide resistance to the drugs that inhibit PT map to the same loop. Nearly all (99%) of the protein can be stripped from the 50S subunit, and stil ...
12.3 RNA and Protein Synthesis
... called exons because they are expressed in protein synthesis. ...
... called exons because they are expressed in protein synthesis. ...
Bioenergetics and Metabolism
... Metabolism Four classes of macromolecules (proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, and lipids) Six primary metabolite groups (amino acids, nucleotides, fatty acids, glucose, pyruvate, acetyl CoA) Seven small biomolecules (NH4+, CO2, NADH, FADH2, O2, ATP, H2O) ...
... Metabolism Four classes of macromolecules (proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, and lipids) Six primary metabolite groups (amino acids, nucleotides, fatty acids, glucose, pyruvate, acetyl CoA) Seven small biomolecules (NH4+, CO2, NADH, FADH2, O2, ATP, H2O) ...
Handout 5 - Fatty Acid Synthesis
... 1. Nonruminants (rats, pigs, fish, humans) a. Glucose is a major nutrient absorbed from the small intestine. b. Glucose also is essential for fatty acid synthesis from acetate to provide G3P and NADPH (via the pentose cycle). 2. Ruminants (sheep, goats, cattle) a. Very little free glucose is absorbe ...
... 1. Nonruminants (rats, pigs, fish, humans) a. Glucose is a major nutrient absorbed from the small intestine. b. Glucose also is essential for fatty acid synthesis from acetate to provide G3P and NADPH (via the pentose cycle). 2. Ruminants (sheep, goats, cattle) a. Very little free glucose is absorbe ...
Campbell`s Biology, 9e (Reece et al.)
... 11) The oxygen consumed during cellular respiration is involved directly in which process or event? A) glycolysis B) accepting electrons at the end of the electron transport chain C) the citric acid cycle D) the oxidation of pyruvate to acetyl CoA E) the phosphorylation of ADP to form ATP Answer: B ...
... 11) The oxygen consumed during cellular respiration is involved directly in which process or event? A) glycolysis B) accepting electrons at the end of the electron transport chain C) the citric acid cycle D) the oxidation of pyruvate to acetyl CoA E) the phosphorylation of ADP to form ATP Answer: B ...
The Genetic Science Glossary - Canadian Council of Churches
... DNA is the words on each page. There are only four "letters" in the DNA alphabet but, just like the 26 letters of the English Alphabet, the DNA letters can be put together to form words. Each volume of the set could he considered a chromosome. ...
... DNA is the words on each page. There are only four "letters" in the DNA alphabet but, just like the 26 letters of the English Alphabet, the DNA letters can be put together to form words. Each volume of the set could he considered a chromosome. ...
Biology 12 - Biologically Important Molecules
... glucose in _______________. The _______________ is the main organ that produces, breaks down, and stores this polysaccharide. 23. "Roughage" or "Fibre" in our diet is actually due to the presence of _______________, another polymer of glucose found only in _______________. 24. A pentose sugar contai ...
... glucose in _______________. The _______________ is the main organ that produces, breaks down, and stores this polysaccharide. 23. "Roughage" or "Fibre" in our diet is actually due to the presence of _______________, another polymer of glucose found only in _______________. 24. A pentose sugar contai ...
Dissociation of a Diatomic Gas
... Let us consider the following simple model for a diatomic gas: a diatomic molecule consists of a pair of point-like atoms, each of mass m, separated by a rigid rod of length a. The rigid rod corresponds to the chemical bond, which requires an energy to break. Now, at any finite temperature T , we ...
... Let us consider the following simple model for a diatomic gas: a diatomic molecule consists of a pair of point-like atoms, each of mass m, separated by a rigid rod of length a. The rigid rod corresponds to the chemical bond, which requires an energy to break. Now, at any finite temperature T , we ...
Biochemistry
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Biochemistry, sometimes called biological chemistry, is the study of chemical processes within and relating to living organisms. By controlling information flow through biochemical signaling and the flow of chemical energy through metabolism, biochemical processes give rise to the complexity of life. Over the last decades of the 20th century, biochemistry has become so successful at explaining living processes that now almost all areas of the life sciences from botany to medicine to genetics are engaged in biochemical research. Today, the main focus of pure biochemistry is in understanding how biological molecules give rise to the processes that occur within living cells, which in turn relates greatly to the study and understanding of whole organisms.Biochemistry is closely related to molecular biology, the study of the molecular mechanisms by which genetic information encoded in DNA is able to result in the processes of life. Depending on the exact definition of the terms used, molecular biology can be thought of as a branch of biochemistry, or biochemistry as a tool with which to investigate and study molecular biology.Much of biochemistry deals with the structures, functions and interactions of biological macromolecules, such as proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates and lipids, which provide the structure of cells and perform many of the functions associated with life. The chemistry of the cell also depends on the reactions of smaller molecules and ions. These can be inorganic, for example water and metal ions, or organic, for example the amino acids which are used to synthesize proteins. The mechanisms by which cells harness energy from their environment via chemical reactions are known as metabolism. The findings of biochemistry are applied primarily in medicine, nutrition, and agriculture. In medicine, biochemists investigate the causes and cures of disease. In nutrition, they study how to maintain health and study the effects of nutritional deficiencies. In agriculture, biochemists investigate soil and fertilizers, and try to discover ways to improve crop cultivation, crop storage and pest control.