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Learning Objectives
... Know how pyruvate dehydrogenase complex works (cofactors involved, mechanism, regulation) Know net reaction Know where ATP, CO2, FADH2 and NADH are made Know ultimate # ATP formed Stereospecificity of aconitase, fumarase ...
... Know how pyruvate dehydrogenase complex works (cofactors involved, mechanism, regulation) Know net reaction Know where ATP, CO2, FADH2 and NADH are made Know ultimate # ATP formed Stereospecificity of aconitase, fumarase ...
L03_MitoOx
... As the Hs move down the chain, protons are pumped from the matrix into the cytoplasm ...
... As the Hs move down the chain, protons are pumped from the matrix into the cytoplasm ...
Citric Acid Cycle - University of California, Berkeley
... electrons to an electron carrier, NAD+, via a tightly bound intermediary electron carrier, FAD. Dihydroxylipoyllysine + NAD+ Lipoyllysine + NADH FAD. The flavin group is the business end of FAD; it is not linked to ribose, but to ribitol—a reduced product of ribose. Then, it is linked to a pyropho ...
... electrons to an electron carrier, NAD+, via a tightly bound intermediary electron carrier, FAD. Dihydroxylipoyllysine + NAD+ Lipoyllysine + NADH FAD. The flavin group is the business end of FAD; it is not linked to ribose, but to ribitol—a reduced product of ribose. Then, it is linked to a pyropho ...
Biochemistry Final
... with the energy it needs, and some travels to the tissues as well to generate ATP necessary for function. Gluconeogenesis is also on in the liver to generate glucose from free intermediates. The liver can only store a day’s worth of glycogen, so when these stores get depleted, the brain is once agai ...
... with the energy it needs, and some travels to the tissues as well to generate ATP necessary for function. Gluconeogenesis is also on in the liver to generate glucose from free intermediates. The liver can only store a day’s worth of glycogen, so when these stores get depleted, the brain is once agai ...
Metabolism Aerobic Respiration Other Ways of Generating ATP
... Must oxidize NADH back to NAD+ Reduce pyruvate into lactate Aquatic invertebrates • more complex pathways • Involve Krebs cycle reactions and truncated electron transport activity ...
... Must oxidize NADH back to NAD+ Reduce pyruvate into lactate Aquatic invertebrates • more complex pathways • Involve Krebs cycle reactions and truncated electron transport activity ...
Respiration
... humans) • Most cells transfer electrons from cytosolic NADH to FADH2 in the mitochondrial matrix – Lose 2 ATP ...
... humans) • Most cells transfer electrons from cytosolic NADH to FADH2 in the mitochondrial matrix – Lose 2 ATP ...
Lactic acid fermentation
... whether oxygen is available as an electron acceptor. The two types of fermentation are… alcohol; lactic acid Animals and some bacteria employ _________ fermentation, while plants use _________ fermentation. lactic acid; alcohol The point of fermentation, whether alcohol, or lactic acid, is… ATP can ...
... whether oxygen is available as an electron acceptor. The two types of fermentation are… alcohol; lactic acid Animals and some bacteria employ _________ fermentation, while plants use _________ fermentation. lactic acid; alcohol The point of fermentation, whether alcohol, or lactic acid, is… ATP can ...
2014 Cellular Respiration ppt
... Aerobic Respiration 2a. When oxygen is present, pyruvate & NADH are used to make 36 more ATP. Takes place in the Mitochondria. The pyruvate goes thru the Kreb’s Cycle and the Electron Transport Chain to produce the ATP and give off water and carbon dioxide as a waste. ...
... Aerobic Respiration 2a. When oxygen is present, pyruvate & NADH are used to make 36 more ATP. Takes place in the Mitochondria. The pyruvate goes thru the Kreb’s Cycle and the Electron Transport Chain to produce the ATP and give off water and carbon dioxide as a waste. ...
Ubiquinone
... structures. • This lysyl-tRNA mutation is also one of the causes of adult-onset (type II) diabetes. ...
... structures. • This lysyl-tRNA mutation is also one of the causes of adult-onset (type II) diabetes. ...
Cellular Respiration
... Pyruvic Acid Breakdown • An enzyme rips off a carboxyl group in the form of CO2 to make acetate • In the process, NAD+ is reduced to NADH • Coenzyme A then grabs the acetate, making acetyl CoA, and carries it off to the ...
... Pyruvic Acid Breakdown • An enzyme rips off a carboxyl group in the form of CO2 to make acetate • In the process, NAD+ is reduced to NADH • Coenzyme A then grabs the acetate, making acetyl CoA, and carries it off to the ...
Chemistry 110 Enzymes
... product of a series of enzyme-catalyzed reactions inhibits an earlier reaction in a sequence. The inhibition may be competitive or noncompetitive. ¾A proenzyme or zymogen is an inactive form of an enzyme that must have part of its polypeptide chain cleaved before it becomes active. An example is try ...
... product of a series of enzyme-catalyzed reactions inhibits an earlier reaction in a sequence. The inhibition may be competitive or noncompetitive. ¾A proenzyme or zymogen is an inactive form of an enzyme that must have part of its polypeptide chain cleaved before it becomes active. An example is try ...
Cellular Respiration
... Pyruvic Acid Breakdown • An enzyme rips off a carboxyl group in the form of CO2 to make acetate • In the process, NAD+ is reduced to NADH • Coenzyme A then grabs the acetate, making acetyl CoA, and carries it off to the ...
... Pyruvic Acid Breakdown • An enzyme rips off a carboxyl group in the form of CO2 to make acetate • In the process, NAD+ is reduced to NADH • Coenzyme A then grabs the acetate, making acetyl CoA, and carries it off to the ...
Lecture Power Point
... subject to depletion during extended periods of contraction (intense effort). •Rephosphorylation of creatine occurs at the mitochondrial membrane. ...
... subject to depletion during extended periods of contraction (intense effort). •Rephosphorylation of creatine occurs at the mitochondrial membrane. ...
full size
... control is an enzyme-regulation process where the product of a series of enzyme-catalyzed reactions inhibits an earlier reaction in a sequence. The inhibition may be competitive or noncompetitive. ¾A proenzyme or zymogen is an inactive form of an enzyme that must have part of its polypeptide chain c ...
... control is an enzyme-regulation process where the product of a series of enzyme-catalyzed reactions inhibits an earlier reaction in a sequence. The inhibition may be competitive or noncompetitive. ¾A proenzyme or zymogen is an inactive form of an enzyme that must have part of its polypeptide chain c ...
basic biochemistry - Personal Webspace for QMUL
... These are at the two positions where ATP is formed 1: The 1,3-Bisphosphoglycerate to 3-Phosphoglycerate The 1,3-BPG passes a phosphate to ADP This is known as substrate-level phosphorylation ...
... These are at the two positions where ATP is formed 1: The 1,3-Bisphosphoglycerate to 3-Phosphoglycerate The 1,3-BPG passes a phosphate to ADP This is known as substrate-level phosphorylation ...
Diagnosis of dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase deficiency
... The common G to A splice site mutation of the DPYD allele was detected in this Pakistani pedigree. Phenotypic variation was demonstrated in this family. Although the patient’s mother was homozygous for the splice site mutation, she was asymptomatic. The patient’s sibling had thymine-uraciluria, but ...
... The common G to A splice site mutation of the DPYD allele was detected in this Pakistani pedigree. Phenotypic variation was demonstrated in this family. Although the patient’s mother was homozygous for the splice site mutation, she was asymptomatic. The patient’s sibling had thymine-uraciluria, but ...
Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle (TCA), Krebs Cycle
... pyr dehydrogenase complex is composed of three enzymes – pyr decarboxylase (E1) - dihydrolipoyl transacylase (E2) - dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase (E3) Each catalyzed a part of the overall reaction In addition to two regulatory enzymes protein kinase and phosphoprotein phosphatase. ...
... pyr dehydrogenase complex is composed of three enzymes – pyr decarboxylase (E1) - dihydrolipoyl transacylase (E2) - dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase (E3) Each catalyzed a part of the overall reaction In addition to two regulatory enzymes protein kinase and phosphoprotein phosphatase. ...
Studying photosynthetic organisms from different angles
... To counteract climate change and because of an ever increasing demand for energy, it is vital for our future to develop new clean energy sources. H2 can be such an alternative. Interestingly, certain Green Algae produce H2 under anaerobic conditions conditions, in order to maintain ATP production pr ...
... To counteract climate change and because of an ever increasing demand for energy, it is vital for our future to develop new clean energy sources. H2 can be such an alternative. Interestingly, certain Green Algae produce H2 under anaerobic conditions conditions, in order to maintain ATP production pr ...
Review Packet CORRECT
... 11. What are the two main pathways that can be followed after glycolysis? What is the main difference between them? Aerobic – Uses O2 Anaerobic – Does not use O2 ...
... 11. What are the two main pathways that can be followed after glycolysis? What is the main difference between them? Aerobic – Uses O2 Anaerobic – Does not use O2 ...
Lactate Acid Fermentation of Acetic Acid in the Butyric Spec. and the
... of this type, and in every instance a vigorous fermentation was obtained within 30 to 48 hours. The predominant bacteria were always medium-sized, actively motile rods, a few of which usually contained oval, central, or subterminal spores. In addition, a few small nonsporulating rods and vibrios wer ...
... of this type, and in every instance a vigorous fermentation was obtained within 30 to 48 hours. The predominant bacteria were always medium-sized, actively motile rods, a few of which usually contained oval, central, or subterminal spores. In addition, a few small nonsporulating rods and vibrios wer ...
The Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle The First of the Final Common Pathways
... mammals there are 20-30 copies of Pyruvate Dehydrogenase (E1); 60 copies of Dihydrolipoyl Transacetylase (E2); 20-30 copies of Dihydrolipoyl Dehydrogenase (E3); variable number of copies of Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Kinase and Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Phosphatase. The number of kinase and phosphatase sub ...
... mammals there are 20-30 copies of Pyruvate Dehydrogenase (E1); 60 copies of Dihydrolipoyl Transacetylase (E2); 20-30 copies of Dihydrolipoyl Dehydrogenase (E3); variable number of copies of Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Kinase and Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Phosphatase. The number of kinase and phosphatase sub ...
CELLULAR RESPIRATION
... Pyruvate passes by active transport from the cytoplasm, through the outer and inner membranes of a mitochondria and into the mitochondrial matrix ...
... Pyruvate passes by active transport from the cytoplasm, through the outer and inner membranes of a mitochondria and into the mitochondrial matrix ...
Lactate dehydrogenase
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Reaction_catalyzed_by_lactate_dehydrogenase.png?width=300)
A lactate dehydrogenase (LDH or LD) is an enzyme found in nearly all living cells (animals, plants, and prokaryotes). LDH catalyzes the conversion of pyruvate to lactate and back, as it converts NADH to NAD+ and back. A dehydrogenase is an enzyme that transfers a hydride from one molecule to another.LDH exist in four distinct enzyme classes. This article is about the common NAD(P)-dependent L-lactate dehydrogenase. Other LDHs act on D-lactate and/or are dependent on cytochrome c: D-lactate dehydrogenase (cytochrome)) and L-lactate (L-lactate dehydrogenase (cytochrome)). LDH has been of medical significance because it is found extensively in body tissues, such as blood cells and heart muscle. Because it is released during tissue damage, it is a marker of common injuries and disease such as heart failure.