The Tissue Level of Organization
... Neurons – communicate through electrical events that affect their cell membranes Neuroglia - provide physical support for neural tissue, maintain the chemical composition of the tissue fluids, supply nutrients to neurons and defend the tissue from infection ...
... Neurons – communicate through electrical events that affect their cell membranes Neuroglia - provide physical support for neural tissue, maintain the chemical composition of the tissue fluids, supply nutrients to neurons and defend the tissue from infection ...
2011-01-D-71-en-2
... Time spent on assessment must be geared to the total course time available (2 periods per week). A. Assessment will consist of a. observation of experimental work, and evaluation of its quality. b. evaluation of pupils’ capacity to understand and summarise a scientific text. c. evaluation of experim ...
... Time spent on assessment must be geared to the total course time available (2 periods per week). A. Assessment will consist of a. observation of experimental work, and evaluation of its quality. b. evaluation of pupils’ capacity to understand and summarise a scientific text. c. evaluation of experim ...
1. Cells and Organelles
... 3. Describe the permeability properties of a phospholipid bilayer with respect to macromolecules, ions, water and organic compounds (including drugs). Distinguish simple diffusion, facilitated diffusion and active transport of ions and molecules across cell membranes. Lipid bilayers are permeable to ...
... 3. Describe the permeability properties of a phospholipid bilayer with respect to macromolecules, ions, water and organic compounds (including drugs). Distinguish simple diffusion, facilitated diffusion and active transport of ions and molecules across cell membranes. Lipid bilayers are permeable to ...
Chapters 40-47
... – hypersensitive responses to environmental antigens (allergens); mast cells release histamine causes dilation and blood vessel permeability, epinephrine – Antihistamines can relieve symptoms anaphylactic shock: life threatening reaction to injected or ingested allergens. ...
... – hypersensitive responses to environmental antigens (allergens); mast cells release histamine causes dilation and blood vessel permeability, epinephrine – Antihistamines can relieve symptoms anaphylactic shock: life threatening reaction to injected or ingested allergens. ...
Multicellularity
... In addition to autonomous signals, a cell’s fate can be controlled by signals that it receives from other cells in the organism. Cell-cell communication plays a crucial role in the development of all multicellular organisms. It allows more flexibility in development than autonomous signals, because ...
... In addition to autonomous signals, a cell’s fate can be controlled by signals that it receives from other cells in the organism. Cell-cell communication plays a crucial role in the development of all multicellular organisms. It allows more flexibility in development than autonomous signals, because ...
Cell
... ● Passive transport occurs without expenditure of energy. Molecules move using their own kinetic energy. Diffusion and osmosis are examples of passive transport. ● Passive transport allows cells to get water, oxygen and other small molecules that they need. It also allows the cell to get rid of wast ...
... ● Passive transport occurs without expenditure of energy. Molecules move using their own kinetic energy. Diffusion and osmosis are examples of passive transport. ● Passive transport allows cells to get water, oxygen and other small molecules that they need. It also allows the cell to get rid of wast ...
Cell Biology Revision Notes
... b. Functions of proteins to include structural, enzymes, hormones, antibodies. c. Enzymes function as biological catalysts and are made by all living cells. They speed up cellular reactions and are unchanged in the process. The shape of the active site of enzyme molecules is complementary to a speci ...
... b. Functions of proteins to include structural, enzymes, hormones, antibodies. c. Enzymes function as biological catalysts and are made by all living cells. They speed up cellular reactions and are unchanged in the process. The shape of the active site of enzyme molecules is complementary to a speci ...
Transcript of Notes for The Cell Note Sheet Part VI CYTOSKELETON
... the cell membrane from inside the cell. It is much like a camping tent. Before the tent has been set up, it is just a pile of fabric on the ground and has no recognizable shape. However, once the poles have been set up inside the tent, they push out on the fabric of the tent creating a classic campi ...
... the cell membrane from inside the cell. It is much like a camping tent. Before the tent has been set up, it is just a pile of fabric on the ground and has no recognizable shape. However, once the poles have been set up inside the tent, they push out on the fabric of the tent creating a classic campi ...
Cell Membrane
... • Digestion – breakdown of food substances into simpler forms • Absorption – passage of substances through membranes and into body fluids • Assimilation – changing of absorbed substances into chemically different forms • Excretion – removal of wastes produced by metabolic reactions • Differentiation ...
... • Digestion – breakdown of food substances into simpler forms • Absorption – passage of substances through membranes and into body fluids • Assimilation – changing of absorbed substances into chemically different forms • Excretion – removal of wastes produced by metabolic reactions • Differentiation ...
Anatomy Powerpoint
... Caudal: toward the lower end of spine Superficial (External): close to surface of body Deep (internal): close to center of body Frontal Plane (Coronal Plane): made at right angles to the midline and divides body into anterior parts Sagittal plane: passes from front to back divides left and right por ...
... Caudal: toward the lower end of spine Superficial (External): close to surface of body Deep (internal): close to center of body Frontal Plane (Coronal Plane): made at right angles to the midline and divides body into anterior parts Sagittal plane: passes from front to back divides left and right por ...
AQA Knowledge test ANSWERS Unit 2 Biology B2.1_Cells and
... 2. What happens to the long chains formed by these molecules? They are folded up into a specific shape 3. What do proteins act as? Structural components of tissues (e.g. muscles), hormones, antibodies and catalysts. 4. What do catalysts do? The increase the rate of chemical reactions 5. What ...
... 2. What happens to the long chains formed by these molecules? They are folded up into a specific shape 3. What do proteins act as? Structural components of tissues (e.g. muscles), hormones, antibodies and catalysts. 4. What do catalysts do? The increase the rate of chemical reactions 5. What ...
Blood Powerpoint Ch 6
... (carbaminohemoglobin) • 68% of carbon dioxide joins with water to form Carbonic Acid (H2CO3-) in plasma sped up by an enzyme carbonic anhydrase, then forms Hydrogen ions and Bicarbonate ion (HCO3-). The acid H+ joins with the hemoglobin protein to keep blood pH constant. • At the lungs the process r ...
... (carbaminohemoglobin) • 68% of carbon dioxide joins with water to form Carbonic Acid (H2CO3-) in plasma sped up by an enzyme carbonic anhydrase, then forms Hydrogen ions and Bicarbonate ion (HCO3-). The acid H+ joins with the hemoglobin protein to keep blood pH constant. • At the lungs the process r ...
Ch 4 Notes: Tissues 2016
... FOUR TYPES OF BODY TISSUE: 1. Epithelial 2. Connective (most abundant tissue in the body) 3. Muscle 4. Nervous ____________________________________________________________ EPITHELIAL TISSUE: 1. covers body surfaces 2. lines hollow organs, body cavities and ducts 3. forms glands CHARACTERISTICS OF EP ...
... FOUR TYPES OF BODY TISSUE: 1. Epithelial 2. Connective (most abundant tissue in the body) 3. Muscle 4. Nervous ____________________________________________________________ EPITHELIAL TISSUE: 1. covers body surfaces 2. lines hollow organs, body cavities and ducts 3. forms glands CHARACTERISTICS OF EP ...
Power Point CH 2
... Functions of Golgi Apparatus 1. Modification: Modifies new proteins destined for lysosomes, secretion, and plasma membrane 2. Packaging: Packages enzymes for lysosomes and proteins for secretion 3. Sorting: Sorts all materials for lysosomes, secretion, and incorporation into the plasma membrane ...
... Functions of Golgi Apparatus 1. Modification: Modifies new proteins destined for lysosomes, secretion, and plasma membrane 2. Packaging: Packages enzymes for lysosomes and proteins for secretion 3. Sorting: Sorts all materials for lysosomes, secretion, and incorporation into the plasma membrane ...
Grade 11 College Biology Unit 4 Test
... The one litre of air remaining in the lungs after air is exhaled from the lungs 38. Why do humans need to be eating constantly Our cells require a constant supply of nutrients Our cells are poor stores of energy Our cells are constantly using energy, and it must be replaced 39. Cells need a ...
... The one litre of air remaining in the lungs after air is exhaled from the lungs 38. Why do humans need to be eating constantly Our cells require a constant supply of nutrients Our cells are poor stores of energy Our cells are constantly using energy, and it must be replaced 39. Cells need a ...
I. Introduction
... embryo, continued formation of chorionic villi and placenta. 16. The placental membrane is composed of the epithelium of the chorionic villus and the endothelium of the capillary inside the villus. 17. Substances that are exchanged across the placental membrane are oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, ...
... embryo, continued formation of chorionic villi and placenta. 16. The placental membrane is composed of the epithelium of the chorionic villus and the endothelium of the capillary inside the villus. 17. Substances that are exchanged across the placental membrane are oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, ...
Biology EOCT Practice Questions Part 2
... brown, and speckled. The genotypes of these colors are BB for dark brown, bb for light brown, and Bb for speckled. The speckled color blends in extremely well with the color of the sand on the beach. The pattern appears to provide the speckled crabs with some protection from predatory birds. Based o ...
... brown, and speckled. The genotypes of these colors are BB for dark brown, bb for light brown, and Bb for speckled. The speckled color blends in extremely well with the color of the sand on the beach. The pattern appears to provide the speckled crabs with some protection from predatory birds. Based o ...
A Journey Through the Cell: Part One—Cells: An Introduction
... cytoskeleton: The transparent network of protein filaments that maintains the cell’s shape, holds organelles in place, and moves parts of the cell around if needed. DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid): The chemical that makes up all genes, and therefore chromosomes. endoplasmic reticulum (ER): A folded memb ...
... cytoskeleton: The transparent network of protein filaments that maintains the cell’s shape, holds organelles in place, and moves parts of the cell around if needed. DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid): The chemical that makes up all genes, and therefore chromosomes. endoplasmic reticulum (ER): A folded memb ...
Unit 8A
... Major Histocompatability Complex (MHC): body cell surface antigens coded by a family of genes; they are known as anitgenpresenting cells, two types: Class I MHC molecules: found on all nucleated cells – Display foreign antigens (proteins) produced within the cell on the exterior so they can be recog ...
... Major Histocompatability Complex (MHC): body cell surface antigens coded by a family of genes; they are known as anitgenpresenting cells, two types: Class I MHC molecules: found on all nucleated cells – Display foreign antigens (proteins) produced within the cell on the exterior so they can be recog ...
Cells
... • All substances that enter or leave a cell must pass through the surface of a cell. • As a cell gets larger, it takes up more nutrients and releases more waste. • Cell size is limited to by a cells surface areato-volume ratio. • Cells with a greater surface area-to-volume ratio can exchange substan ...
... • All substances that enter or leave a cell must pass through the surface of a cell. • As a cell gets larger, it takes up more nutrients and releases more waste. • Cell size is limited to by a cells surface areato-volume ratio. • Cells with a greater surface area-to-volume ratio can exchange substan ...
Blood chapter powerpoint
... Hematopoiesis – process by which blood cells are formed 100 billion new blood cells formed each day Takes place in the red bone marrow of the humerus, femur, sternum, ribs, vertebra and pelvis ...
... Hematopoiesis – process by which blood cells are formed 100 billion new blood cells formed each day Takes place in the red bone marrow of the humerus, femur, sternum, ribs, vertebra and pelvis ...
Blood
... Hematopoiesis – process by which blood cells are formed 100 billion new blood cells formed each day Takes place in the red bone marrow of the humerus, femur, sternum, ribs, vertebra and pelvis ...
... Hematopoiesis – process by which blood cells are formed 100 billion new blood cells formed each day Takes place in the red bone marrow of the humerus, femur, sternum, ribs, vertebra and pelvis ...
Fall Semester Review Pre-AP Science 7
... Receives, interprets and responds to stimuli from inside and outside the body Removes waste ...
... Receives, interprets and responds to stimuli from inside and outside the body Removes waste ...
Artificial cell
An artificial cell or minimal cell is an engineered particle that mimics one or many functions of a biological cell. The term does not refer to a specific physical entity, but rather to the idea that certain functions or structures of biological cells can be replaced or supplemented with a synthetic entity. Often, artificial cells are biological or polymeric membranes which enclose biologically active materials. As such, nanoparticles, liposomes, polymersomes, microcapsules and a number of other particles have qualified as artificial cells. Micro-encapsulation allows for metabolism within the membrane, exchange of small molecules and prevention of passage of large substances across it. The main advantages of encapsulation include improved mimicry in the body, increased solubility of the cargo and decreased immune responses. Notably, artificial cells have been clinically successful in hemoperfusion.In the area of synthetic biology, a ""living"" artificial cell has been defined as a completely synthetically made cell that can capture energy, maintain ion gradients, contain macromolecules as well as store information and have the ability to mutate. Such a cell is not technically feasible yet, but a variation of an artificial cell has been created in which a completely synthetic genome was introduced to genomically emptied host cells. Although not completely artificial because the cytoplasmic components as well as the membrane from the host cell are kept, the engineered cell is under control of a synthetic genome and is able to replicate.