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Common and Distinct Neural Substrates for Pragmatic, Semantic
Common and Distinct Neural Substrates for Pragmatic, Semantic

... ``sense'' of spoken sentences Ða task that has been used extensively in ERP studies of sentence processing. In the context of a periodic design in which stimuli are blocked by condition, and there are intrinsic confounds such as expectancy and changes in attentional state, this task is not a demandi ...
Comparing the Functional Representations of Central and Border
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... poststimulus onset was divided by 500 msec of prestimulus IS activity occurring immediately before stimulus onset. After the ratio values were processed with a Gaussian filter (half-width of 5), the areal extent of the f unctional representation was quantified by thresholding at three levels above p ...
Why is parkinsonism not a feature of human methamphetamine users?
Why is parkinsonism not a feature of human methamphetamine users?

... investigation and/or structured interview with the next of kin, of the use of MA as the primary drug of abuse for at least 1 year; the presence of MA [assessed by GC-MS (gas chromatography±mass spectrometry, Kalasinsky et al., 2001)] in the blood, brain (occipital cortex) and, in the 14/ 20 MA users ...
Chapter 9
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Stages of Sleep And Brain Mechanisms
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... that are responsible for the behavioral interactions. That is, these results provide evidence of interaction, but not of isomorphism between word meanings and perception. First, it is possible that interaction between perception and comprehension happens in secondary perceptual regions such as the p ...
Perception, action, and word meanings in the human brain
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... neuronal populations producing the orexigenic neuropeptides melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) and orexin, also called hypocretin. NPY/AgRP- and α-MSH-immunoreactive terminals from ARC neurons are in contact with MCH- and orexin-expressing neurons.22 Orexin-producing neurons are also involved in gl ...
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... 17, 2016; doi:10.1152/jn.01131.2015.—Viral vectors were originally developed to deliver genes into host cells for therapeutic potential. However, viral vector use in neuroscience research has increased because they enhance interpretation of the anatomy and physiology of brain circuits compared with ...
All-Optical Interrogation of Neural Circuits
All-Optical Interrogation of Neural Circuits

... been demonstrated to be suitable for all-optical experimentation in vivo thanks to their spectral properties or two-photon excitation characteristics. Probes for activation of neurons Robust two-photon optogenetic activation of neurons, originally demonstrated with channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2; Rickgaue ...
Chapter 2 - Biological Basis of Behavior
Chapter 2 - Biological Basis of Behavior

... © 2005 Prentice Hall ...
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doc midterm 1 chapter notes

... One group of synapsids called the THERAPSIDS became the dominant land animal during the Permian period, the end of which was marked by a mass extinction. One species of therapsid called CYNODONT survived, and became the ancestor of all mammals. The earliest mammals had poor eyesight, but good hearin ...
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History of neuroimaging

The first neuroimaging technique ever is the so-called ‘human circulation balance’ invented by Angelo Mosso in the 1880s and able to non-invasively measure the redistribution of blood during emotional and intellectual activity.Then, in the early 1900s, a technique called pneumoencephalography was set. This process involved draining the cerebrospinal fluid from around the brain and replacing it with air, altering the relative density of the brain and its surroundings, to cause it to show up better on an x-ray, and it was considered to be incredibly unsafe for patients (Beaumont 8). A form of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) were developed in the 1970s and 1980s. The new MRI and CT technologies were considerably less harmful and are explained in greater detail below. Next came SPECT and PET scans, which allowed scientists to map brain function because, unlike MRI and CT, these scans could create more than just static images of the brain's structure. Learning from MRI, PET and SPECT scanning, scientists were able to develop functional MRI (fMRI) with abilities that opened the door to direct observation of cognitive activities.
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