A quantitative link between face discrimination deficits and neuronal
... across a range of tasks including social–emotional judgments as well as identification and discrimination. However, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies probing the neural bases of these behavioral differences have produced conflicting results: while some studies have reported reduced ...
... across a range of tasks including social–emotional judgments as well as identification and discrimination. However, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies probing the neural bases of these behavioral differences have produced conflicting results: while some studies have reported reduced ...
Expected Value, Reward Outcome, and
... different stages of the learning. It is to facilitate comparison with results obtained by neurophysiology in macaques that we use the term TD error in this paper. In fact, in this human imaging study, the association between the color in the RM part of the trial and the Reward part of the trial had ...
... different stages of the learning. It is to facilitate comparison with results obtained by neurophysiology in macaques that we use the term TD error in this paper. In fact, in this human imaging study, the association between the color in the RM part of the trial and the Reward part of the trial had ...
studying the isolated central nervous system
... minutes, but Philip Whiting got so interested in what he was describing that the sessions often went on for an hour and a half, or even two or three hours. He was very keen that we should realize that neurology was not based on books but on histological specimens and would set up lots of microscope ...
... minutes, but Philip Whiting got so interested in what he was describing that the sessions often went on for an hour and a half, or even two or three hours. He was very keen that we should realize that neurology was not based on books but on histological specimens and would set up lots of microscope ...
The effect of lithium on the adrenoceptor
... in clinical medicine. ARs have been classified into several specific subtypes on the basis of pharmacological distinctions. The ARs were first classified into α and β subtypes1 and later into α1-ARs and α2-ARs2 and β1-ARs and β2-ARs.3 Norepinephrine (NE) at physiological concentrations primarily bin ...
... in clinical medicine. ARs have been classified into several specific subtypes on the basis of pharmacological distinctions. The ARs were first classified into α and β subtypes1 and later into α1-ARs and α2-ARs2 and β1-ARs and β2-ARs.3 Norepinephrine (NE) at physiological concentrations primarily bin ...
Module 3 and 4 Practice Test
... a. reticular formation. b. cerebellum. c. medulla. d. amygdala. e. thalamus. ____ 28. Addictive drug cravings are likely to be associated with reward centers in the a. thalamus. b. cerebellum. c. reticular formation. d. limbic system. e. angular gyrus. ____ 29. The thin surface layer of interconnect ...
... a. reticular formation. b. cerebellum. c. medulla. d. amygdala. e. thalamus. ____ 28. Addictive drug cravings are likely to be associated with reward centers in the a. thalamus. b. cerebellum. c. reticular formation. d. limbic system. e. angular gyrus. ____ 29. The thin surface layer of interconnect ...
Nucleus Basalis and Thalamic Control of Neocortical Activity in the
... Animals and surgery. The subjects of these experiments were 24 female Fischer 344 (2-l 5 month) and 42 female Sprague-Dawley (3-10 month) rats. Surgery was performed under deep anesthesia induced by a mixture (4 ml/kg) of ketamine (25 mg/ml), rompun (1.3 mg/ml), and acepromazine (0.25 m&ml). The rat ...
... Animals and surgery. The subjects of these experiments were 24 female Fischer 344 (2-l 5 month) and 42 female Sprague-Dawley (3-10 month) rats. Surgery was performed under deep anesthesia induced by a mixture (4 ml/kg) of ketamine (25 mg/ml), rompun (1.3 mg/ml), and acepromazine (0.25 m&ml). The rat ...
Turning on the alarm - Center for Healthy Minds
... 6 BOLD response magnitudes. For both models, a voxelwise goodness of fit statistic was also computed, R 2, which indicates the variance in BOLD response across different temperatures explained by the nonconstant component of each model. Resulting parameter images were spatially transformed to Talaira ...
... 6 BOLD response magnitudes. For both models, a voxelwise goodness of fit statistic was also computed, R 2, which indicates the variance in BOLD response across different temperatures explained by the nonconstant component of each model. Resulting parameter images were spatially transformed to Talaira ...
The affective and cognitive processing of touch, oral texture, and
... by the word labels was found in the lateral orbitofrontal cortex, a region shown in other studies to be activated by less pleasant stimuli including unpleasant odours, and losing money (O’Doherty et al., 2001; Rolls et al., 2003b,c). A positive correlation with the pleasantness of touch as influenced ...
... by the word labels was found in the lateral orbitofrontal cortex, a region shown in other studies to be activated by less pleasant stimuli including unpleasant odours, and losing money (O’Doherty et al., 2001; Rolls et al., 2003b,c). A positive correlation with the pleasantness of touch as influenced ...
Atypical age-related cortical thinning in episodic
... for each group and each hemisphere separately. Statistical significance levels were set at p < 0.01, uncorrected. Next, an age-by-group interaction analysis was conducted in order to estimate whether cortical thinning was more strongly related to age for one group versus another. In order to ascertai ...
... for each group and each hemisphere separately. Statistical significance levels were set at p < 0.01, uncorrected. Next, an age-by-group interaction analysis was conducted in order to estimate whether cortical thinning was more strongly related to age for one group versus another. In order to ascertai ...
Gut Microbiota: A Modulator of Brain Plasticity and Cognitive
... Infection and disease can also briefly affect natural gut flora composition and consequently have harmful effects on the host. For example, disruption of gut microbiota in young mice leads to long-term changes in visceral pain perception, characteristic of stress-related disorders such as irritable ...
... Infection and disease can also briefly affect natural gut flora composition and consequently have harmful effects on the host. For example, disruption of gut microbiota in young mice leads to long-term changes in visceral pain perception, characteristic of stress-related disorders such as irritable ...
Effects of ketone bodies in Alzheimer`s disease
... oligomeric Aβ peptide is being realized and this compound is used experimentally. A previously suggested hypothesis that initial damage of subcortical nuclei is important for development of the disease is getting renewed support. While it is well known that microglia play a major role in Alzheimer’s ...
... oligomeric Aβ peptide is being realized and this compound is used experimentally. A previously suggested hypothesis that initial damage of subcortical nuclei is important for development of the disease is getting renewed support. While it is well known that microglia play a major role in Alzheimer’s ...
How microglia kill neurons
... In general, inflammation may have beneficial and/or detrimental effects in any particular disease and in any particular phase of a disease. The beneficial effects are mainly due to elimination of pathogens, clearing debris, recruiting other cells, aiding repair and providing neurotrophins; and the detr ...
... In general, inflammation may have beneficial and/or detrimental effects in any particular disease and in any particular phase of a disease. The beneficial effects are mainly due to elimination of pathogens, clearing debris, recruiting other cells, aiding repair and providing neurotrophins; and the detr ...
Introduction to Electroencephalography (EEG)
... first animal EEG study (dog) first EEG recordings of induced seizures ...
... first animal EEG study (dog) first EEG recordings of induced seizures ...
what distinguishes conscious experience from unconscious processes
... rest of the person’s brain is having another experience. Individual phenomenal experience could be generated by the firing of specific NCCs e.g. Zeki (Localization and). But this only raises further objections. Firstly, it is a claim that is impossible to verify scientifically (since we rely on a pe ...
... rest of the person’s brain is having another experience. Individual phenomenal experience could be generated by the firing of specific NCCs e.g. Zeki (Localization and). But this only raises further objections. Firstly, it is a claim that is impossible to verify scientifically (since we rely on a pe ...
The dual nature of time preparation: neural
... Although labourious, this method was preferred to an automated one because it allows precise detection provided that the EMG is recorded at a high sampling rate with an antialiasing filter frequency (Van Boxtel et al., 1993; Staude, 2001). ...
... Although labourious, this method was preferred to an automated one because it allows precise detection provided that the EMG is recorded at a high sampling rate with an antialiasing filter frequency (Van Boxtel et al., 1993; Staude, 2001). ...
BOOK 1: Nervous system anatomy and function
... Collectively, the medulla, pons and cerebellum are called the hindbrain and perform “lowerlevel functions.” Closest to the spinal cord, the medulla controls breathing and heart beat. On the opposite side of the medulla towards the rest of the brain is the pons (or “bridge”). It relays sensory inform ...
... Collectively, the medulla, pons and cerebellum are called the hindbrain and perform “lowerlevel functions.” Closest to the spinal cord, the medulla controls breathing and heart beat. On the opposite side of the medulla towards the rest of the brain is the pons (or “bridge”). It relays sensory inform ...
The neurobiology of Meditation and its clinical effectiveness in
... up-regulation in brain regions of internalised attention and emotion processing with Meditation. Many electrophysiological studies have examined the brain activation during a variety of concentrative Meditation techniques. A common finding has been that of increased low frequency activation of theta ...
... up-regulation in brain regions of internalised attention and emotion processing with Meditation. Many electrophysiological studies have examined the brain activation during a variety of concentrative Meditation techniques. A common finding has been that of increased low frequency activation of theta ...
Sports concussion management in the South African environment
... significance of recognising concussion and the importance of following best clinical practice guidelines. Public education programmes make use of media campaigns (e.g. “Sports Concussion Awareness Week” on radio), public and school lectures and the internet (www.sportsconcussion.co.za). Most importa ...
... significance of recognising concussion and the importance of following best clinical practice guidelines. Public education programmes make use of media campaigns (e.g. “Sports Concussion Awareness Week” on radio), public and school lectures and the internet (www.sportsconcussion.co.za). Most importa ...
What Can an Orbitofrontal Cortex- Endowed Animal
... anatomical5,10 studies suggest that primary olfactory cortex (including piriform cortex, olfactory tubercle, and cortical amygdaloid nuclei) projects most densely to posterior orbital cortex in areas Iam, Iapm, and 13a, corresponding to the rodent areas AIv, AIp, and VLO, respectively. Research by T ...
... anatomical5,10 studies suggest that primary olfactory cortex (including piriform cortex, olfactory tubercle, and cortical amygdaloid nuclei) projects most densely to posterior orbital cortex in areas Iam, Iapm, and 13a, corresponding to the rodent areas AIv, AIp, and VLO, respectively. Research by T ...
Nervous System Module - Year 2 Semester 1 Number of Credit – 8
... 2. Describe the structure , movements blood supply and nerve supply of the eye lids 3. Describe the lacrimal apparatus 4. Describe the attachments and nerve supply of the muscles of the orbit and the movements of the eye 5. Describe the facial sheath of the eye 6. Describe the course and relations o ...
... 2. Describe the structure , movements blood supply and nerve supply of the eye lids 3. Describe the lacrimal apparatus 4. Describe the attachments and nerve supply of the muscles of the orbit and the movements of the eye 5. Describe the facial sheath of the eye 6. Describe the course and relations o ...
The Human Expression of Symmetry: Art and - Smith
... Visual perception begins with the projection of a visual image onto the array of retinal cones that each respond over as little as one minute of visual arc in central vision. In a series of transformations spanning many synapses and interconnections, visually responsive neurons in the brain become s ...
... Visual perception begins with the projection of a visual image onto the array of retinal cones that each respond over as little as one minute of visual arc in central vision. In a series of transformations spanning many synapses and interconnections, visually responsive neurons in the brain become s ...
Strategy-dependent Dissociation of the Neural
... other strategies listed seemed to overlap. For example, reinterpretation, similar to reappraisal, may have been used during either the stimulus severity or imagery strategies. Finally, attention and reappraisal form the basis for our future investigations into neural correlates of pain modulation us ...
... other strategies listed seemed to overlap. For example, reinterpretation, similar to reappraisal, may have been used during either the stimulus severity or imagery strategies. Finally, attention and reappraisal form the basis for our future investigations into neural correlates of pain modulation us ...
Perceptual and Semantic Contributions to
... no statistically reliable differences were observed. Stimuli were likewise analyzed in terms of their mean harmonics-tonoise ratio (HNR), which was calculated using PRAAT software (http:// www.fon.hum.uva.nl/praat/). This is a method to quantify and compare dynamic acoustic properties (i.e., periodi ...
... no statistically reliable differences were observed. Stimuli were likewise analyzed in terms of their mean harmonics-tonoise ratio (HNR), which was calculated using PRAAT software (http:// www.fon.hum.uva.nl/praat/). This is a method to quantify and compare dynamic acoustic properties (i.e., periodi ...