Method and system for computationally identifying clusters within a
... regulatory regions and additional regions for Which a func tionality has not yet been identi?ed. Protein molecules are synthesiZed from the gene templates in a tWo-step process. In the ?rst step, called transcription, the gene is copied to produce a molecule of messenger ribose-nucleic acid ...
... regulatory regions and additional regions for Which a func tionality has not yet been identi?ed. Protein molecules are synthesiZed from the gene templates in a tWo-step process. In the ?rst step, called transcription, the gene is copied to produce a molecule of messenger ribose-nucleic acid ...
Human Ig heavy chain CDR3 regions in adult
... that fell outside the limits we set. In these instances the N regions could reflect TdT activity or rearrangement of a DIR element, which would make the clone a DH–DIR or DIR–DH fusion (exemplified by PBT-52 in Fig. 4). Finally, 29% of the pre-B cell sequences and 44% of the mature B cell sequences ...
... that fell outside the limits we set. In these instances the N regions could reflect TdT activity or rearrangement of a DIR element, which would make the clone a DH–DIR or DIR–DH fusion (exemplified by PBT-52 in Fig. 4). Finally, 29% of the pre-B cell sequences and 44% of the mature B cell sequences ...
production and quality control of medicinal products derived
... Developments in molecular genetics and nucleic acid chemistry enable the genes coding for natural, biologically active proteins to be identified, analysed in fine detail, transferred between organisms, and expressed under controlled conditions so as to obtain synthesis of the polypeptide for which t ...
... Developments in molecular genetics and nucleic acid chemistry enable the genes coding for natural, biologically active proteins to be identified, analysed in fine detail, transferred between organisms, and expressed under controlled conditions so as to obtain synthesis of the polypeptide for which t ...
First genomic insights into members of a candidate bacterial
... For COGs, RPS-BLAST against COG PSSMs from the CDD database (Marchler-Bauer et al., 2013) was performed using an e-value cutoff of 0.01, with the top hit retained for each protein domain. The amino acid sequences were also searched for conserved motifs with PFAM (Punta et al., 2012) using HMMR3 (Edd ...
... For COGs, RPS-BLAST against COG PSSMs from the CDD database (Marchler-Bauer et al., 2013) was performed using an e-value cutoff of 0.01, with the top hit retained for each protein domain. The amino acid sequences were also searched for conserved motifs with PFAM (Punta et al., 2012) using HMMR3 (Edd ...
Determining the nucleotide sequence and capsid
... helicase, protease, and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase. The capsid proteincoding region was mapped onto the second ORF by determining the N-terminal amino acid sequences of the capsid proteins. Subgenomic RNA for the capsid protein gene was not detected in the infected tissue. The capsid protein precu ...
... helicase, protease, and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase. The capsid proteincoding region was mapped onto the second ORF by determining the N-terminal amino acid sequences of the capsid proteins. Subgenomic RNA for the capsid protein gene was not detected in the infected tissue. The capsid protein precu ...
THE IDENTIFICATION AND CHARACTERISATION OF THE
... be specific for phenylalanine. Protein BLAST analysis of the amino acid sequence of both clones showed a high similarity to an amino acid adenylation protein in Granuliella mallensis MP5ACIX8 (YP_00507340.1) with an amino acid similarity of 57%, an amino acid adenylation protein in Streptomyces gris ...
... be specific for phenylalanine. Protein BLAST analysis of the amino acid sequence of both clones showed a high similarity to an amino acid adenylation protein in Granuliella mallensis MP5ACIX8 (YP_00507340.1) with an amino acid similarity of 57%, an amino acid adenylation protein in Streptomyces gris ...
Regulation of gene expression by polyunsaturated fatty acids
... Another set of nuclear receptors shown to mediate the hypolipidemic effects of PUFAs are the liver X receptors. LXRs a and b bind oxysterols as endogenous ligands and function to regulate genes involved in fatty acid and cholesterol metabolism [16], including SREBP-1c, lipoprotein lipase, fatty acid ...
... Another set of nuclear receptors shown to mediate the hypolipidemic effects of PUFAs are the liver X receptors. LXRs a and b bind oxysterols as endogenous ligands and function to regulate genes involved in fatty acid and cholesterol metabolism [16], including SREBP-1c, lipoprotein lipase, fatty acid ...
Rampant Adaptive Evolution in Regions of Proteins with Unknown
... Population genetics analyses indicate that protein divergence in Drosophila, unlike in humans and Arabidopsis, is frequently adaptive [1] (see review [2]). In flies, the proportion of amino acid substitutions that are adaptive has been estimated to be about 50% [1,2] and is largely consistent across ...
... Population genetics analyses indicate that protein divergence in Drosophila, unlike in humans and Arabidopsis, is frequently adaptive [1] (see review [2]). In flies, the proportion of amino acid substitutions that are adaptive has been estimated to be about 50% [1,2] and is largely consistent across ...
Targets for breast cancer diagnosis and treatment
... involves cDNA from only two cell populations at a time. it of CHl-9a1l-2. CH8-2a13-1. CHl3-2a12-l. and CH14 is sensitive to individual phenotypic variation. 2a16-1. Preferably. said RNA is overabundant in a propor Alternatively. expression can be examined by differential 20 tion of breast cancer cel ...
... involves cDNA from only two cell populations at a time. it of CHl-9a1l-2. CH8-2a13-1. CHl3-2a12-l. and CH14 is sensitive to individual phenotypic variation. 2a16-1. Preferably. said RNA is overabundant in a propor Alternatively. expression can be examined by differential 20 tion of breast cancer cel ...
Lecture 9
... •Though most cells in an organism contain the same genes, not all of the genes are used in each cell. •Some genes are turned on, or "expressed" when needed in particular types of cells. •Microarray technology allows us to look at many genes at once and determine which are expressed in a particular c ...
... •Though most cells in an organism contain the same genes, not all of the genes are used in each cell. •Some genes are turned on, or "expressed" when needed in particular types of cells. •Microarray technology allows us to look at many genes at once and determine which are expressed in a particular c ...
IB Image Review Key
... to their environment tend to leave more offspring than other individuals and Over time, favorable traits accumulate in the population. ...
... to their environment tend to leave more offspring than other individuals and Over time, favorable traits accumulate in the population. ...
Normalization between a pair of arrays
... •Though most cells in an organism contain the same genes, not all of the genes are used in each cell. •Some genes are turned on, or "expressed" when needed in particular types of cells. •Microarray technology allows us to look at many genes at once and determine which are expressed in a particular c ...
... •Though most cells in an organism contain the same genes, not all of the genes are used in each cell. •Some genes are turned on, or "expressed" when needed in particular types of cells. •Microarray technology allows us to look at many genes at once and determine which are expressed in a particular c ...
chapter 3: the cell - CM
... solute against its concentration gradient using energy from hydrolysis of ATP • Sodium-potassium pump (Na+/K+ pump or Na+/K+ ATPase) is most vital for maintenance of Na+ and K+ concentration gradient homeostasis (Figure 3.10) • Na+ concentration is 10 times greater in ECF than cytosol and K+ concent ...
... solute against its concentration gradient using energy from hydrolysis of ATP • Sodium-potassium pump (Na+/K+ pump or Na+/K+ ATPase) is most vital for maintenance of Na+ and K+ concentration gradient homeostasis (Figure 3.10) • Na+ concentration is 10 times greater in ECF than cytosol and K+ concent ...
Syntrophic linkage between predatory Carpediemonas and
... uncultivated members of the Deltaproteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Verrucomicrobia and Nanoarchaeota. Using genome and transcriptome informed metabolic network modeling, we showed that Carpediemonas stimulated prokaryotic growth through the release of predigested biomolecules such as protei ...
... uncultivated members of the Deltaproteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Verrucomicrobia and Nanoarchaeota. Using genome and transcriptome informed metabolic network modeling, we showed that Carpediemonas stimulated prokaryotic growth through the release of predigested biomolecules such as protei ...
DEFINITIONS - bums.ac.ir
... Immunoglobulins:Structure and Function • Definition: Glycoprotein molecules that are produced by plasma cells in response to an immunogen and which function as antibodies ...
... Immunoglobulins:Structure and Function • Definition: Glycoprotein molecules that are produced by plasma cells in response to an immunogen and which function as antibodies ...
You and your genes - Delivery guide
... 3. describe DNA as a polymer made up of nucleotides, forming two strands in a double helix 4. explain the terms chromosome, gene, allele, variant, genotype and phenotype 5. describe simply how the genome and its interaction with the environment influence the development of the phenotype of an org ...
... 3. describe DNA as a polymer made up of nucleotides, forming two strands in a double helix 4. explain the terms chromosome, gene, allele, variant, genotype and phenotype 5. describe simply how the genome and its interaction with the environment influence the development of the phenotype of an org ...
Domain fusion between SNF1-related kinase subunits during plant
... expression of ZmAKINβγ-1 and -2 since RT–PCR experiments indicate that both genes are expressed at similar levels (data not shown). We find that ZmAKINβγ expression is regulated during embryogenesis, being high in young embryos but barely detected at late stages of maturation (Figure 3A). We also te ...
... expression of ZmAKINβγ-1 and -2 since RT–PCR experiments indicate that both genes are expressed at similar levels (data not shown). We find that ZmAKINβγ expression is regulated during embryogenesis, being high in young embryos but barely detected at late stages of maturation (Figure 3A). We also te ...
Can sequence determine function? | Genome Biology | Full Text
... sequence identity with an oleate desaturase from Arabidopsis thaliana but 71% identity with an oleate hydroxylase from Ricinus communis. These relationships suggest that divergence of function is facile and may have occurred many times in the speciation of higher plants. Noting that seven residues w ...
... sequence identity with an oleate desaturase from Arabidopsis thaliana but 71% identity with an oleate hydroxylase from Ricinus communis. These relationships suggest that divergence of function is facile and may have occurred many times in the speciation of higher plants. Noting that seven residues w ...
Ten novel interaction partners for the histone H2A protein
... Among all the clones, the ones with the strongest Nub fusion protein interaction with Hta1Cub-RUra3p were S7 and S13, with an average relative score of 2.8. The weakest interaction occurred in S12, with a score of 1.0. Nub-Htb1 had the highest average score of 3.3. All the other clones had averages ...
... Among all the clones, the ones with the strongest Nub fusion protein interaction with Hta1Cub-RUra3p were S7 and S13, with an average relative score of 2.8. The weakest interaction occurred in S12, with a score of 1.0. Nub-Htb1 had the highest average score of 3.3. All the other clones had averages ...
Biotechnology: Principles, Applications, and Social Implications From Protein to Product
... General Definition The application of technology to improve a biological organism Detailed Definition The application of the technology to modify the biological function of an organism by adding genes from another organism NDSU ...
... General Definition The application of technology to improve a biological organism Detailed Definition The application of the technology to modify the biological function of an organism by adding genes from another organism NDSU ...
Transcription. (Ms. Shivani Bhagwat)
... Note the degree of sequence variation at each position. The consensus sequence has been derived from a much larger database of over 300 well-characterized promoters. The "consensus sequence" is a hypothetical sequence made up of the nucleotides found most often in each position. There may be no sing ...
... Note the degree of sequence variation at each position. The consensus sequence has been derived from a much larger database of over 300 well-characterized promoters. The "consensus sequence" is a hypothetical sequence made up of the nucleotides found most often in each position. There may be no sing ...
Bacterial Bioreactors for High Yield Production of Recombinant Protein
... substantial (40-fold) condensation without a reduction in the yield of target protein. Condensed Culture Conditions Support High Efficiency Selenomethionine Incorporation without Toxicity—The ability to produce high levels of a single protein in condensed cultures may have applications for structura ...
... substantial (40-fold) condensation without a reduction in the yield of target protein. Condensed Culture Conditions Support High Efficiency Selenomethionine Incorporation without Toxicity—The ability to produce high levels of a single protein in condensed cultures may have applications for structura ...
video slide
... – This cDNA represents only part of the genome – This is advantageous for; • Studying the genes responsible for specialized functions of a particular type of cells such as brain or liver cells. • In addition by making cDNA library from cells of same type at different stages of life of an organism, r ...
... – This cDNA represents only part of the genome – This is advantageous for; • Studying the genes responsible for specialized functions of a particular type of cells such as brain or liver cells. • In addition by making cDNA library from cells of same type at different stages of life of an organism, r ...
Honors_Biology_Course_Summary
... Explain Hardy-Weinberg genetic equilibrium and list five conditions that can cause evolution to take place. Define genetic drift and gene flow and tell how both can affect populations. Solve problems using the H-W equilibrium formula. Contrast the effects of stabilizing, directional, and disrupt ...
... Explain Hardy-Weinberg genetic equilibrium and list five conditions that can cause evolution to take place. Define genetic drift and gene flow and tell how both can affect populations. Solve problems using the H-W equilibrium formula. Contrast the effects of stabilizing, directional, and disrupt ...
Endogenous retrovirus
Endogenous retroviruses (ERVs) are endogenous viral elements in the genome that closely resemble and can be derived from retroviruses. They are abundant in the genomes of jawed vertebrates, and they comprise up to 5–8% of the human genome (lower estimates of ~1%). ERVs are a subclass of a type of gene called a transposon, which can be packaged and moved within the genome to serve a vital role in gene expression and in regulation. Researchers have suggested that retroviruses evolved from a type of transposable gene called a retrotransposon, which includes ERVs; these genes can mutate and instead of moving to another location in the genome they can become exogenous or pathogenic. This means that all ERVs may not have originated as an insertion by a retrovirus but that some may have been the source for the genetic information in the retroviruses they resemble.