Maternal mRNAs are regulated by diverse P body
... proteins bind to specific UTR elements in mRNAs. The KH protein GLD-1 is expressed in early meiosis and binds directly to elements in glp-1, rme-2, and numerous other mRNAs to repress their translation (Lee and Schedl, 2001; Marin and Evans, 2003; Lee and Schedl, 2006). As germ cell nuclei enter lat ...
... proteins bind to specific UTR elements in mRNAs. The KH protein GLD-1 is expressed in early meiosis and binds directly to elements in glp-1, rme-2, and numerous other mRNAs to repress their translation (Lee and Schedl, 2001; Marin and Evans, 2003; Lee and Schedl, 2006). As germ cell nuclei enter lat ...
If so, is trkB mRNA in SNB motor neurons
... androgen-dependent SNB, but not RDLN, motoneurons BDNF mRNA contained in SNB motoneurons ...
... androgen-dependent SNB, but not RDLN, motoneurons BDNF mRNA contained in SNB motoneurons ...
LCAT activation by apoA-I in HDL3 exposed to HOCl or MPO
... Hypothesis: Remodeling of the HDL Proteome by Inflammation Impairs Sterol Efflux from Macrophages Inflammation ...
... Hypothesis: Remodeling of the HDL Proteome by Inflammation Impairs Sterol Efflux from Macrophages Inflammation ...
The contribution of the Trp/Met/Phe residues to physical interactions
... domain to CBP C-terminus promotes acetylation of the p53 Cterminal lysine residues by CBP/p300. The acetylations of the lysine residues contribute to the p53 stabilization by disabling the lysines as the ubiquitylation targets. The acetylation of p53 also stimulates its sequence specific DNA-binding ...
... domain to CBP C-terminus promotes acetylation of the p53 Cterminal lysine residues by CBP/p300. The acetylations of the lysine residues contribute to the p53 stabilization by disabling the lysines as the ubiquitylation targets. The acetylation of p53 also stimulates its sequence specific DNA-binding ...
Identification and characterization of novel interaction
... In Gram-positiven Bakterien mit niedrigem GC-Gehalt, wie Bacillus subtilis, wird KohlenstoffKatabolitenregulation überwiegend vom Katabolit Kontroll Protein A (CcpA), einem globalen Transkriptionsregulator, vermittelt. CcpA reprimiert oder aktiviert die Expression von hunderten von ...
... In Gram-positiven Bakterien mit niedrigem GC-Gehalt, wie Bacillus subtilis, wird KohlenstoffKatabolitenregulation überwiegend vom Katabolit Kontroll Protein A (CcpA), einem globalen Transkriptionsregulator, vermittelt. CcpA reprimiert oder aktiviert die Expression von hunderten von ...
Multiple RNA regulatory elements mediate distinct
... Pattern formation in the early development of many organisms relies on localized cytoplasmic proteins, which can be prelocalized as mRNAs. The Drosophila oskar gene, required both for posterior body patterning and germ cell determination, encodes one such mRNA. Localization of oskar mRNA is an elabo ...
... Pattern formation in the early development of many organisms relies on localized cytoplasmic proteins, which can be prelocalized as mRNAs. The Drosophila oskar gene, required both for posterior body patterning and germ cell determination, encodes one such mRNA. Localization of oskar mRNA is an elabo ...
The Protein Cevalently Linked to the 5'... of Poliovirus RNA by Victor Robert Ambros
... D. Kinetics of removal of VPg from poliovirus RNA in Hela cell extracts........................................ 84 E. Release of VPg from polio RNA in other cell extracts..... 88 F. Glycerol gradient sedimentation of Hela unlinking activity.................................................. 91 G. Mag ...
... D. Kinetics of removal of VPg from poliovirus RNA in Hela cell extracts........................................ 84 E. Release of VPg from polio RNA in other cell extracts..... 88 F. Glycerol gradient sedimentation of Hela unlinking activity.................................................. 91 G. Mag ...
The Plant Cell - Department of Biology
... physiological concentration. Coprecipitation with bacterially expressed protein and native KCBP, gel-mobility shift studies, and ATPase assays with the KCBP motor confirmed that KIC interacts with KCBP in a Ca 2-dependent manner. Interestingly, although both Ca2-KIC and Ca2-calmodulin were able t ...
... physiological concentration. Coprecipitation with bacterially expressed protein and native KCBP, gel-mobility shift studies, and ATPase assays with the KCBP motor confirmed that KIC interacts with KCBP in a Ca 2-dependent manner. Interestingly, although both Ca2-KIC and Ca2-calmodulin were able t ...
Golgins and GTPases, giving identity and structure to the Golgi
... variety of different processes (including both retrograde and anterograde transport steps as well as cisternal stacking), it is possible that they act in discrete ways during different events. The effects of antibody inhibition may vary depending on precisely which process is being measured in a par ...
... variety of different processes (including both retrograde and anterograde transport steps as well as cisternal stacking), it is possible that they act in discrete ways during different events. The effects of antibody inhibition may vary depending on precisely which process is being measured in a par ...
Gustav Fischer Verlag Stuttgart • New York
... et a l . , 1982), of cell w a l l composition (Kandier, 1982) a n d membrane structure (review by Langworthy et a l . , 1982). In order to study phylogenetic relationships and evolution of different organisms it is desirable to compare cellular components that: (1) are present i n all organisms unde ...
... et a l . , 1982), of cell w a l l composition (Kandier, 1982) a n d membrane structure (review by Langworthy et a l . , 1982). In order to study phylogenetic relationships and evolution of different organisms it is desirable to compare cellular components that: (1) are present i n all organisms unde ...
The Platform Protein Is Essential for Type IV Pilus
... was proposed to be essential for surface pilus expression and twitching motility based on the phenotypes of pilC mutants (28). Similar studies of platform proteins in the T4bP and T2S systems have also supported a critical role in assembly (23, 29). However, the equivalent platform protein PilG in t ...
... was proposed to be essential for surface pilus expression and twitching motility based on the phenotypes of pilC mutants (28). Similar studies of platform proteins in the T4bP and T2S systems have also supported a critical role in assembly (23, 29). However, the equivalent platform protein PilG in t ...
From Sequence to Structure
... acceptor. Histidine is perhaps the most versatile of all the amino acids in this regard, which explains why it is also the residue most often found in enzyme active sites. It has two titratable –N–H groups, each with pKa values around 6. When one of these –N–H groups loses a proton, however, the pKa ...
... acceptor. Histidine is perhaps the most versatile of all the amino acids in this regard, which explains why it is also the residue most often found in enzyme active sites. It has two titratable –N–H groups, each with pKa values around 6. When one of these –N–H groups loses a proton, however, the pKa ...
FUNCTIONAL CONSEQUENCES OF THE DIRECT PHYSICAL CBP/p300
... Figure 5: Acetylation of E2A correlates with recruitment of CBP.................................. 54 Figure 6: Acetylation of E2A by purified CBP/p300 or p/CAF ...................................... 58 Figure 7: p/CAF interacts directly with E2A. ..................................................... ...
... Figure 5: Acetylation of E2A correlates with recruitment of CBP.................................. 54 Figure 6: Acetylation of E2A by purified CBP/p300 or p/CAF ...................................... 58 Figure 7: p/CAF interacts directly with E2A. ..................................................... ...
Schubert, C. M., R. Lin, C. J. de Vries, R. H. A.
... somatic sister is light green. For comparison with later figures, the germline and somatic sisters are indicated by arrowheads. At the beginning of the 4-cell stage, one of the two anterior (white) blastomeres is forced toward the posterior by the surrounding eggshell. This movement results in the t ...
... somatic sister is light green. For comparison with later figures, the germline and somatic sisters are indicated by arrowheads. At the beginning of the 4-cell stage, one of the two anterior (white) blastomeres is forced toward the posterior by the surrounding eggshell. This movement results in the t ...
OMPROT PP2 ver4 - Plant Physiology
... functions of the mitochondrial outer membrane - such as the protein import pore translocase of outer membrane 40kDa subunit (TOM40) (Jansch et al., 1998) and the regulators of mitochondrial distribution and morphology - mitochondrial Rho type GTPases (MIRO) (Yamaoka and Leaver, 2008), lineage specif ...
... functions of the mitochondrial outer membrane - such as the protein import pore translocase of outer membrane 40kDa subunit (TOM40) (Jansch et al., 1998) and the regulators of mitochondrial distribution and morphology - mitochondrial Rho type GTPases (MIRO) (Yamaoka and Leaver, 2008), lineage specif ...
Alternative mRNA Splicing Generates the Two
... Sequence analysis of ribulosebisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (rubisco) activase cDNA and genomic clones isolated from spinach and Arabidopsis thaliana indicates that the two polypeptides of rubisco activase arise from alternative splicing of a common pre-mRNA. In spinach, two 5’ splice sites are ...
... Sequence analysis of ribulosebisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (rubisco) activase cDNA and genomic clones isolated from spinach and Arabidopsis thaliana indicates that the two polypeptides of rubisco activase arise from alternative splicing of a common pre-mRNA. In spinach, two 5’ splice sites are ...
6.
... premature stop codon. However, Zavolan et al. reported that only 178 of 423 (42%) of the alternative splicing detected in mouse full-length mRNAs preserved the reading frame [19]. Another study that detected alternative splicing using ESTs and cDNAs also reported that only 40% of the deletions or in ...
... premature stop codon. However, Zavolan et al. reported that only 178 of 423 (42%) of the alternative splicing detected in mouse full-length mRNAs preserved the reading frame [19]. Another study that detected alternative splicing using ESTs and cDNAs also reported that only 40% of the deletions or in ...
PDF File
... metal ion binding sites, and tertiary motifs are not included or have incomplete energy functions. A general and important lesson to be drawn is that one must be aware of the information used to create a model in order to understand the power and limits of its predictive value. Over time, many of t ...
... metal ion binding sites, and tertiary motifs are not included or have incomplete energy functions. A general and important lesson to be drawn is that one must be aware of the information used to create a model in order to understand the power and limits of its predictive value. Over time, many of t ...
In Vitro Assays Demonstrate That Pollen Tube Organelles Use
... characterized in the pollen tube. A pollen kinesin homolog (Tiezzi et al., 1992) and two dynein-related polypeptides (Moscatelli et al., 1995) have been identified in the vegetative cytoplasm of pollen tubes and localized in association with unclassified membrane structures (Cai et al., 1993; Moscat ...
... characterized in the pollen tube. A pollen kinesin homolog (Tiezzi et al., 1992) and two dynein-related polypeptides (Moscatelli et al., 1995) have been identified in the vegetative cytoplasm of pollen tubes and localized in association with unclassified membrane structures (Cai et al., 1993; Moscat ...
Chromosome silencing mechanisms in X
... Although Namekawa et al. (Namekawa et al., 2010) found no evidence for Xist RNA-independent gene silencing, they did report Xist RNA-independent silencing of intergenic repetitive sequences on the Xp, which was apparent from the 2-cell stage onwards (Fig. 1C). Using Cot-1 DNA as a probe for RNA FISH ...
... Although Namekawa et al. (Namekawa et al., 2010) found no evidence for Xist RNA-independent gene silencing, they did report Xist RNA-independent silencing of intergenic repetitive sequences on the Xp, which was apparent from the 2-cell stage onwards (Fig. 1C). Using Cot-1 DNA as a probe for RNA FISH ...
LEFT-HANDED Z-DNA: STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION
... Figure 3. The topology and candidate Z-DNA contacts of Zα. The data show that the topology determined by NMR and the location of candidate contacts of Zα with Z-DNA determined by mutagenesis are in some respects similar to those of histone H5 [61] and HNF-3γ [62]. The position of αhelices and β-stra ...
... Figure 3. The topology and candidate Z-DNA contacts of Zα. The data show that the topology determined by NMR and the location of candidate contacts of Zα with Z-DNA determined by mutagenesis are in some respects similar to those of histone H5 [61] and HNF-3γ [62]. The position of αhelices and β-stra ...
Presequence-Independent Manner Transported by the TIM23
... yeast Sym1 have been localized to the inner mitochondrial membrane and display similar membrane topologies, with four predicted transmembrane spans (63, 65, 77). For biochemical characterization of Sym1, we generated a yeast strain (SYM1ZZ) expressing Sym1 from its own promoter, which was fused to t ...
... yeast Sym1 have been localized to the inner mitochondrial membrane and display similar membrane topologies, with four predicted transmembrane spans (63, 65, 77). For biochemical characterization of Sym1, we generated a yeast strain (SYM1ZZ) expressing Sym1 from its own promoter, which was fused to t ...
IDENTIFICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF SYNAPTONEMAL
... To summarize our present knowledge about SC function: it is doubtful whether SCs play a direct role in the recognition of homology; SCs are not essential for meiotic levels of recombination, and the tripartite structure probably has no function in the initiation of recombination. What then could be ...
... To summarize our present knowledge about SC function: it is doubtful whether SCs play a direct role in the recognition of homology; SCs are not essential for meiotic levels of recombination, and the tripartite structure probably has no function in the initiation of recombination. What then could be ...
Ph.D. Thesis Azar Shahpiri
... acid (GA) signal by synthesizing hydrolytic enzymes that are released to the endosperm, before undergoing cell death. The barley (Hordeum vulgare) aleurone layer can be separated from the other seed tissues and maintained in culture, allowing the study of GA, abscisic acid (ABA) and other signals in ...
... acid (GA) signal by synthesizing hydrolytic enzymes that are released to the endosperm, before undergoing cell death. The barley (Hordeum vulgare) aleurone layer can be separated from the other seed tissues and maintained in culture, allowing the study of GA, abscisic acid (ABA) and other signals in ...
SR protein
SR proteins are a conserved family of proteins involved in RNA splicing. SR proteins are named because they contain a protein domain with long repeats of serine and arginine amino acid residues, whose standard abbreviations are ""S"" and ""R"" respectively. SR proteins are 50-300 amino acids in length and composed of two domains, the RNA recognition motif (RRM) region and the RS binding domain. SR proteins are more commonly found in the nucleus than the cytoplasm, but several SR proteins are known to shuttle between the nucleus and the cytoplasm.SR proteins were discovered in the 1990s in Drosophila and in amphibian oocytes, and later in humans. In general, metazoans appear to have SR proteins and unicellular organisms lack SR proteins.SR proteins are important in constitutive and alternative pre-mRNA splicing, mRNA export, genome stabilization, nonsense-mediated decay, and translation. SR proteins alternatively splice pre-mRNA by preferentially selecting different splice sites on the pre-mRNA strands to create multiple mRNA transcripts from one pre-mRNA transcript. Once splicing is complete the SR protein may or may not remain attached to help shuttle the mRNA strand out of the nucleus. As RNA Polymerase II is transcribing DNA into RNA, SR proteins attach to newly made pre-mRNA to prevent the pre-mRNA from binding to the coding DNA strand to increase genome stabilization. Topoisomerase I and SR proteins also interact to increase genome stabilization. SR proteins can control the concentrations of specific mRNA that is successfully translated into protein by selecting for nonsense-mediated decay codons during alternative splicing. SR proteins can alternatively splice NMD codons into its own mRNA transcript to auto-regulate the concentration of SR proteins. Through the mTOR pathway and interactions with polyribosomes, SR proteins can increase translation of mRNA.Ataxia telangiectasia, neurofibromatosis type 1, several cancers, HIV-1, and spinal muscular atrophy have all been linked to alternative splicing by SR proteins.