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... affinity for sites 3, 4, and 5 than for sites 3’, 4’, and 5’. -sites 3,4, and 5 are exactly 3-bps short of maximal spacing for promoting RNA polymerase binding. ...
DNA to Protein Name____________ Period______ DNA Location
DNA to Protein Name____________ Period______ DNA Location

... 1. DNA is contained in the nucleus of eukaryotes (plants/animals) 2. DNA mRNA The DNA message gets copied into mRNA. This is called transcription. 3. The mRNA leaves nucleus and sticks to ribosomes. (The ribosomes can be floating in cytoplasm (free) or stuck to rough endoplasmic reticulum.) 4. Ribo ...
DNA Basics - Thermo Fisher Scientific
DNA Basics - Thermo Fisher Scientific

... To understand the significance of what GeneChip expression analysis microarrays do, you need to understand the basics of DNA. DNA is a long chain of molecules shaped like a double helix, or a very long spiral staircase. DNA is the genetic blue print, or script, providing instructions for all cellula ...
What is RNA? - Biology for Life
What is RNA? - Biology for Life

... • RNA is essential for all known forms of life. • Like DNA, RNA is made up of a long chain of nucleotides. Each consists of a base, a ribose sugar, and a phosphate group. ...
Fundamentals of Nucleic Acid Biochemistry: RNA
Fundamentals of Nucleic Acid Biochemistry: RNA

... Transcription is the enzyme-dependent process of generating RNA from DNA. The process is catalyzed by a DNA-dependent RNA polymerase enzyme. Only “coding” segments of DNA (genes) are transcribed. Types of genes include structural genes (encode protein), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). ...
Gene expression flash cards
Gene expression flash cards

... the tRNA are ...
Part 2 - Latona
Part 2 - Latona

... the DNA strand which is signaled with the start codon. B. Elongation: RNA nucleotides move in to make a complementary copy from DNA ...
12 RNA Activity
12 RNA Activity

... Science  and  8th  grade  Chemistry  of  Living  Systems.    The  splitting  and  tagging  is  an  extension   offering  information  about  how  scientists  use  DNA/RNA  to  identify  species.      Link  to  CA   Standards    Geneti ...
DNA, RNA, Protein Graphic Organizer
DNA, RNA, Protein Graphic Organizer

... 1. Use the DNA code to create your mRNA code. 2. Use the mRNA code to create your tRNA code. 3. Use the mRNA code and the Genetic Code to determine your amino acids. ...
MCDB 1030 – Spring 2003
MCDB 1030 – Spring 2003

... A nucleotide is one building block of a polynucleotide that is polymer form. DNA strands are polynucleotides, constructed from DNA nucleotides (monomers). b) What are three important structural differences between DNA and RNA? The ribose sugar in ribonucleotides (the building blocks for RNA) has an ...
A Novel Knowledge Based Method to Predicting Transcription
A Novel Knowledge Based Method to Predicting Transcription

... A Novel Knowledge Based Method to Predicting Transcription Factor Targets [email protected] ...
Word - LangdonBiology.org
Word - LangdonBiology.org

... and behind it is a terminator (signifies the end). Transcription occurs at all times in the cell cycle except during mitosis. RNA polymerase binds to the promoter, and opens the double helix. Reading the 3´→5´ template strand, it synthesizes a complementary strand of mRNA (a RNA copy of a DNA segmen ...
Transcription Regulation Background: Lactose Background: How
Transcription Regulation Background: Lactose Background: How

... What is cAMP? • This is a compound synthesised from ATP by adenylyl cyclase which acts in both eukaryotes and prokaryotes as a second messenger. • In this situation cAMP ↓ when glucose enters the bacterial cell • This causes the cAMP associated with CAP to come off  CAP without cAMP then comes off ...
Slides PPT
Slides PPT

... What is cAMP? • This is a compound synthesised from ATP by adenylyl cyclase which acts in both eukaryotes and prokaryotes as a second messenger. • In this situation cAMP ↓ when glucose enters the bacterial cell • This causes the cAMP associated with CAP to come off  CAP without cAMP then comes off ...
(2) rRNA
(2) rRNA

... 1. In eukaryotic cells, there are three kinds of RNA polymerases: RNA polymerase I for rRNA synthesis; RNA polymerase II for mRNA synthesis; RNA polymerase III for tRNA synthesis. In prokaryotic cells such as bacteria, there is only one kind of RNA polymerase for all three type of RNA synthesis, exc ...
RNA & Protein Synthesis
RNA & Protein Synthesis

...  Occurs in the cytoplasm on a ribosome  tRNA brings specific amino acids to ribosome  If mRNA = AUG, then tRNA = UAC  The tRNA has the anti-codon ...
Translation
Translation

... In order for a cell to make a protein, DNA must be transcribed into ____________ and the mRNA must then be translated into _____________. The processes of transcription and translation together are called _________________________. The process of transcription occurs in the ____________ of a cell. T ...
How does Pol II
How does Pol II

... RNA ...
Molecular Biology 101
Molecular Biology 101

... the term genome refers to the complete complement of DNA for a given species! ...
Transcription & translation
Transcription & translation

... Before mRNA can leave the nucleus, it must be modified • Not all of the DNA is expressed at once. • Usually only one gene or a few genes at a time • Exons are the part of the mRNA transcript that are EXPRESSED • Introns are the INERT ...
Translation: Changing languages
Translation: Changing languages

... "The main idea was that it was very difficult to consider how DNA or RNA, in any conceivable form, could provide a direct template for the side-chains of the twenty standard amino acids. What any structure was likely to have was a specific pattern of atomic groups that could form hydrogen bonds. I t ...
Planet Detection - University of Washington
Planet Detection - University of Washington

... 3. Some individuals are more successful at surviving and reproducing than others. ...
Readings Worksheet 1
Readings Worksheet 1

... BIO 538 Molecular Mechanisms of Animal Development Name ________________________________________ Readings Worksheet 3 "Alternate RNA Splicing Regulation in the Testis" Reproduction (2006) 132: 811-819 Use other internet sources and textbooks to help you understand new terminology or concepts. 1. How ...
Primer Design Considerations for Adding a T7 Promoter
Primer Design Considerations for Adding a T7 Promoter

... OR Eukaryotic translation initiation sequences from sequence being amplified. Increases efficiency of translation initiation. • 6–10 bases upstream of promoter. Improves efficiency of promoter. • 3- to 6-base spacer between promoter sequence and Kozak sequence. Ensures transcription ...
DNA structure
DNA structure

... • Each strand of original DNA serves as a template • Nucleotides match to template according to base pairing rules (complementary strand) • 1 ‘parent’ DNA strand produces 2 new ‘daughter’ strands • Occurs rapidly, both strands simultaneously – Humans with 6 billion pairs a few hours, with only about ...
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RNA polymerase II holoenzyme

RNA polymerase II holoenzyme is a form of eukaryotic RNA polymerase II that is recruited to the promoters of protein-coding genes in living cells. It consists of RNA polymerase II, a subset of general transcription factors, and regulatory proteins known as SRB proteins.
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