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- Catalyst
- Catalyst

... NLRP3) the inflammasome oligomerizes with an adapator protein and capsapse 1. Once Caspase-1 become apart of the inflammasome it is activated and capable of cleaving cytokines and ...
Document
Document

... interactions with other proteins. In either case, the net effect should be the stabilization in the presence of tyrosine of the RNA structure found in region 1 and the prevention of Tyr1 translation. The absence of such stabilization in the mutant strains leads to unregulated expression of Tyr1 prot ...
Number 53, 2006 5 m sh4
Number 53, 2006 5 m sh4

... containing less than eight spores or at least one misshapen spore are common in Dmsh4 crosses, regardless of whether the mutant is the male or female parent, but rarely observed in the control (figure 4). ...
Rapid Identification of Transgenic Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L
Rapid Identification of Transgenic Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L

... numerous modifications have been widely used for nucleic acid analysis because of its simplicity, rapidity, high efficiency, and outstanding specificity (Machado et al. 2009; Fu et al. 2010). Lee et al. (2009b) applied the LAMP method to amplify GMO-related DNA sequences. Guan et al. (2010) reported ...
SIRT3 - Safic-Alcan Italia
SIRT3 - Safic-Alcan Italia

... is the third member of the mammalian sirtuin family. The SIRT3 gene encodes the protein SIRT3, which exhibits NAD+-dependent deacetylase activity. ƒ SIRT3 is a member of the sirtuin family of proteins, homologs to the yeast Sir2 protein. Members of the sirtuin family are characterized by a sirtuin c ...
Genome analysis of Desulfotomaculum gibsoniae strain
Genome analysis of Desulfotomaculum gibsoniae strain

... Keywords: spore-forming anaerobes, sulfate reduction, autotrophic, anaerobic degradation of aromatic compounds, complete oxidizer, Peptococcaceae, Clostridiales Desulfotomaculum gibsoniae is a mesophilic member of the polyphyletic spore-forming genus Desulfotomaculum within the family Peptococcaceae ...
PhoB by Phosphate Stress and Controlled by
PhoB by Phosphate Stress and Controlled by

... Sequence analysis of the S. meliloti ackA locus. Using transposon Tn5B22 as a promoter probe, we previously identified ackA as one of several S. meliloti genes that are up-regulated in response to Pi stress (52). Identification of the interrupted ackA gene in mutant strain RmMSU4 was accomplished by ...
GRE BIOCHEMISTRY TEST PRACTICE BOOK
GRE BIOCHEMISTRY TEST PRACTICE BOOK

... emphasis on the three areas of biochemistry, cell and molecular biology represented by the subscores, you would expect to have a scaled score of about 60 in each area. If, however, your subscores differ by more than a few points, you may take this as an indication that your lower score shows weaknes ...
The Complete Genome Sequence of Clostridium aceticum: a
The Complete Genome Sequence of Clostridium aceticum: a

... spectroscopy at room temperature and ⫺196°C in cell-free extracts of C. aceticum (15). The bands obtained indicated a c-type cytochrome. Indeed, all genes required for synthesis of a cytochrome c could be identified in the genome of C. aceticum (hemACDBL [CACET_c00470-CACET_c00520], hemE [CACET_ c22 ...
ONE
ONE

... (nucleotides) are the basic units of information encoded in organisms; 2) the potential sizes of informative data sets are immense. For example, one in 100 nucleotides is polymorphic in the human genome so that there will be about 2 × 107 polymorphisms in the human genome as a whole. Thus, for most ...
Genome analysis of Desulfotomaculum gibsoniae strain
Genome analysis of Desulfotomaculum gibsoniae strain

... Keywords: spore-forming anaerobes, sulfate reduction, autotrophic, anaerobic degradation of aromatic compounds, complete oxidizer, Peptococcaceae, Clostridiales Desulfotomaculum gibsoniae is a mesophilic member of the polyphyletic spore-forming genus Desulfotomaculum within the family Peptococcaceae ...
Avian-to-human transmission of the PB1 gene of influenza A viruses in the 1957 and 1968 pandemics
Avian-to-human transmission of the PB1 gene of influenza A viruses in the 1957 and 1968 pandemics

... Introduction of avian PB1 gene into humans and pigs. To determine the relatedness of the influenza virus PB1 genes from different species, we cloned the genes into a plasmid and sequenced them by the chain termination method. Each PB1 gene consisted of 2,341 nucleotides; there were no deletions or i ...
Biochemistry - Stryer - Science and Technology
Biochemistry - Stryer - Science and Technology

... Restriction enzymes, also called restriction endonucleases, recognize specific base sequences in double-helical DNA and cleave, at specific places, both strands of that duplex. To biochemists, these exquisitely precise scalpels are marvelous gifts of nature. They are indispensable for analyzing chro ...
Expression and purification of proteins using Strep
Expression and purification of proteins using Strep

... between the protein and the tag promotes the accessibility of the tag. The further improved Twin-Strep-tag® is a sequential arrangement of two Strep-tag®II sequences with an internal linker region (total size of 28 aa). This tag enables the same mild and rapid purification as Strep-tag®II but, in ad ...
Sequence Analysis of the DNA Encoding the Eco RI Endonuclease
Sequence Analysis of the DNA Encoding the Eco RI Endonuclease

... method of Sanger (Sanger,F., Nicklen, S., and Coulson, was obtained from the original clinical strain of Escherichia A. R. (1977)h c . Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 74,5463-5467). coli found to have the Eco RI host specificity. It is closely The amino acid sequences of both enzymes were de- related to C ...
Conformational Changes in HIV-1 Reverse Transcriptase Induced
Conformational Changes in HIV-1 Reverse Transcriptase Induced

... form the NNRTI-BP, such as the re-orientation of the side chains of Y181 and Y188, and the displacement of the β12β13-β14 sheet (discussed above). The long-range distortions involve a hinge-bending movement of the p66 thumb subdomain that results in the displacements of the p66 connection, the RNase ...
Patterns of prokaryotic lateral gene transfers affecting
Patterns of prokaryotic lateral gene transfers affecting

... ’TMDs ≥ 4’ or ‘TMDs 1-3’ refers to the number of TMDs predicted on protein sequences. Transporters typically have at least four TMDs (TMDs ≥ 4). Proteins with one to three TMDs represent putative membrane proteins. d EC numbers were annotated for each entry based on a significant sequence similarity ...
Shedding Genomic Ballast: Extensive Parallel Loss of Ancestral
Shedding Genomic Ballast: Extensive Parallel Loss of Ancestral

... using the less strict criteria, since by these criteria it was less likely that a family would be scored as having been lost when it had merely diverged in sequence (Hughes and Friedman 2004). Since we relied on available protein predictions, it was important to examine whether these predictions hav ...
Gene Section DNMT1 (DNA (cytosine-5-)-methyltransferase 1)) Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics
Gene Section DNMT1 (DNA (cytosine-5-)-methyltransferase 1)) Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics

... binding protein gene. The N-terminal regulatory domain of DNMT1 is essential for discrimination between hemimethylated and unmethylated DNA strands and contains a proliferating cell nuclear antigen-binding domain (PBD), a nuclear localiza-tion signal (NLS), an cysteine-rich ATRX zinc finger DNAbindi ...
Write on zinc fingers
Write on zinc fingers

... fingers that can each recognize a 3-basepair DNA sequence to generate 3-finger, 4-, 5-, or 6finger arrays that recognize target sites ranging from 9 basepairs to 18 basepairs in length. Another method uses 2-finger modules to generate zinc finger arrays with up to six individual zinc fingers. The Ba ...
Translation tRNA is a link between the mRNA and the polypeptide
Translation tRNA is a link between the mRNA and the polypeptide

... After attachment to 5’end the complex is called initiation complex. It can scan the RNA. Leader sequences in eukaryotes are long – up to 100 or more bp, have structures – hairpins and other. eIF-4A and eIF-4B. eIF-4A and possible eIF-4B have helicase activity and are able to break intramolecular bas ...
Identification and characterization of the ergochrome gene cluster in
Identification and characterization of the ergochrome gene cluster in

... Identification of the pigments was based on three parameters, the characteristic UV-spectra [16, 22], the exact mass (±1.5  ppm) and subsequent HMRSn experiments. The latter were compared to already described fragments in the literature [12, 16]. In the OE TF cultures the red pigments endocrocin and ...
Functional unit of RNA polymerase II
Functional unit of RNA polymerase II

... Unlike all other RNA polymerases, the largest subunit (RPB1) of eukaryotic DNA-dependent RNA polymerase II (RNAP II) has a C-terminal domain (CTD) comprising tandemly repeated heptapeptides with the consensus sequence Y-S-P-T-S-P-S. The tandem structure, heptad consensus, and most key functions of t ...
video slide
video slide

... Eukaryotic Cloning and Expression Systems • The use of cultured eukaryotic cells as host cells and yeast artificial chromosomes (YACs) as vectors – Helps avoid gene expression problems and the incompatibility of prokaryotic/eukaryotic system – Scientists has developed the YAC which combines the ess ...
PDF
PDF

... anaerobic bacterium. D. turgidum and D. thermophilum together form the Dictyoglomi phylum. The two Dictyoglomus genomes are highly syntenic, and both are distantly related to Caldicellulosiruptor spp. D. turgidum is able to grow on a wide variety of polysaccharide substrates due to significant genom ...
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Transcriptional regulation

In molecular biology and genetics, transcriptional regulation is the means by which a cell regulates the conversion of DNA to RNA (transcription), thereby orchestrating gene activity. A single gene can be regulated in a range of ways, from altering the number of copies of RNA that are transcribed, to the temporal control of when the gene is transcribed. This control allows the cell or organism to respond to a variety of intra- and extracellular signals and thus mount a response. Some examples of this include producing the mRNA that encode enzymes to adapt to a change in a food source, producing the gene products involved in cell cycle specific activities, and producing the gene products responsible for cellular differentiation in higher eukaryotes.The regulation of transcription is a vital process in all living organisms. It is orchestrated by transcription factors and other proteins working in concert to finely tune the amount of RNA being produced through a variety of mechanisms. Prokaryotic organisms and eukaryotic organisms have very different strategies of accomplishing control over transcription, but some important features remain conserved between the two. Most importantly is the idea of combinatorial control, which is that any given gene is likely controlled by a specific combination of factors to control transcription. In a hypothetical example, the factors A and B might regulate a distinct set of genes from the combination of factors A and C. This combinatorial nature extends to complexes of far more than two proteins, and allows a very small subset (less than 10%) of the genome to control the transcriptional program of the entire cell.
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