montmorillonite catalysts for ethylene hydration
... BP Research Centre, Chertsey Road, Sunbury-on-Thames, Middlesex TW16 7 L N (Received 17 June 1983) ...
... BP Research Centre, Chertsey Road, Sunbury-on-Thames, Middlesex TW16 7 L N (Received 17 June 1983) ...
OME General Chemistry
... Organic Functional Groups Functional group is a reactive portion of a molecule that undergoes predictable reactions ...
... Organic Functional Groups Functional group is a reactive portion of a molecule that undergoes predictable reactions ...
Ultrasonic acceleration of ester hydrolysis in ethanol–water
... factors governing the rates of the reactions. In binary solvents the situation is complicated by the selective solvation of species. This means that the composition of the solvation shell around a species is different from the bulk solvent composition. In solvents capable of hydrogen bonding the str ...
... factors governing the rates of the reactions. In binary solvents the situation is complicated by the selective solvation of species. This means that the composition of the solvation shell around a species is different from the bulk solvent composition. In solvents capable of hydrogen bonding the str ...
Microsoft Word
... of epoxides with water in the presence of acid catalysts generates synthetically useful vicdiols. However, most of these epoxide ring opening reactions involve the use of strongly acidic conditions, stoichiometric amounts of the reagents, extended reaction time, low regioselectivity, unsatisfactory ...
... of epoxides with water in the presence of acid catalysts generates synthetically useful vicdiols. However, most of these epoxide ring opening reactions involve the use of strongly acidic conditions, stoichiometric amounts of the reagents, extended reaction time, low regioselectivity, unsatisfactory ...
PPTB&W - Gmu - George Mason University
... Hybrid orbitals are orbitals used to describe bonding that is obtained by taking combinations of atomic orbitals of an isolated atom In the case of Carbon, one “s” orbital and three “p” orbitals, are combined to form 4 sp3 hybrid orbitals The Carbon atom in a typical sp3 hybrid structure has 4 b ...
... Hybrid orbitals are orbitals used to describe bonding that is obtained by taking combinations of atomic orbitals of an isolated atom In the case of Carbon, one “s” orbital and three “p” orbitals, are combined to form 4 sp3 hybrid orbitals The Carbon atom in a typical sp3 hybrid structure has 4 b ...
Reactions of 2, 6-cycloheptadienone and 2, 7
... 1965, Garbisch4 described the preparation of 2,6cycloheptadienone (1), 2,7-~yclooctadienone (2), and other cycloallcadienones from their corresponding cycloallcanones. Although four steps are required in Garbisch's synthesis, they are described thoroughly and the overall yields are good. The reasona ...
... 1965, Garbisch4 described the preparation of 2,6cycloheptadienone (1), 2,7-~yclooctadienone (2), and other cycloallcadienones from their corresponding cycloallcanones. Although four steps are required in Garbisch's synthesis, they are described thoroughly and the overall yields are good. The reasona ...
(a) (b) (c) Valine H3N O- O Phenylalanine H3N O
... Polar, acidic and basic side chains prefer to be on the outside of the protein surface, in contact with the aqueous environment to maximise hydrophilic interactions. Of the choices, (b) Arg, (c) Ser and (d) Lys best fit this criterion. Nonpolar side chains prefer to avoid contact with the aqueous en ...
... Polar, acidic and basic side chains prefer to be on the outside of the protein surface, in contact with the aqueous environment to maximise hydrophilic interactions. Of the choices, (b) Arg, (c) Ser and (d) Lys best fit this criterion. Nonpolar side chains prefer to avoid contact with the aqueous en ...
Chapter 18 – Carbonyl Compounds II (Last Chapter we mostly talk
... to protect a functional group from reacting is quite common in organic chemistry.) (Because they protect functional groups from reacting the groups that are added are called protecting groups. So in the case above, the ketal would be ...
... to protect a functional group from reacting is quite common in organic chemistry.) (Because they protect functional groups from reacting the groups that are added are called protecting groups. So in the case above, the ketal would be ...
Document
... 8.5 Translation • The genetic code matches EACH codon to its amino acid or function. The genetic code matches each RNA codon with its amino acid or function. – three stop codons – one start codon, codes for methionine ...
... 8.5 Translation • The genetic code matches EACH codon to its amino acid or function. The genetic code matches each RNA codon with its amino acid or function. – three stop codons – one start codon, codes for methionine ...
24.7 Urea Cycle
... • consists of reactions that occur in the mitochondria and cytosol. • detoxifies ammonium ions from amino acid degradation. • begins with the conversion of ammonium ions to carbamoyl phosphate using energy from two ATP. ...
... • consists of reactions that occur in the mitochondria and cytosol. • detoxifies ammonium ions from amino acid degradation. • begins with the conversion of ammonium ions to carbamoyl phosphate using energy from two ATP. ...
Organic Reactions
... (like many organic substances), which in this instance provides the bene cial side eect of the sensation of warming in the area of the skin where the liniment is applied. Oxidation of a primary alcohol may yield either an aldehyde or a carboxylic acid, depending on the reaction conditions. For exam ...
... (like many organic substances), which in this instance provides the bene cial side eect of the sensation of warming in the area of the skin where the liniment is applied. Oxidation of a primary alcohol may yield either an aldehyde or a carboxylic acid, depending on the reaction conditions. For exam ...
Concerted Acid-Base Catalysis
... Free energy required to orient substrate is derived from the specific binding energy for the substrate ...
... Free energy required to orient substrate is derived from the specific binding energy for the substrate ...
PowerPoint Presentation - Chapter 1
... Select the major organic product when (S)-2propanol is reacted with SOCl2 in pyridine followed by the addition of NaSH in ethanol. A) ...
... Select the major organic product when (S)-2propanol is reacted with SOCl2 in pyridine followed by the addition of NaSH in ethanol. A) ...
Chapter 8 Lecture
... Reaction of hexyl bromide in a polar protic solvent required heating for 24 hours to form 76% of hexyl cyanide. With a polar aprotic solvent dimethyl sulfoxide and the less reactive hexyl chloride at room temperature for 20 minutes yielded 91 % of hexyl cyanide. ...
... Reaction of hexyl bromide in a polar protic solvent required heating for 24 hours to form 76% of hexyl cyanide. With a polar aprotic solvent dimethyl sulfoxide and the less reactive hexyl chloride at room temperature for 20 minutes yielded 91 % of hexyl cyanide. ...
SCH 4C - mscucinato
... (a) Which is an ether and which is an alcohol? (b) Which will evaporate at the lower temperature? (c) Which has the higher solubility in a polar solvent? 30. What type of functional group does a carboxylic acid have? 31. What type of chemical reaction is common for carboxylic acids? 32. What is the ...
... (a) Which is an ether and which is an alcohol? (b) Which will evaporate at the lower temperature? (c) Which has the higher solubility in a polar solvent? 30. What type of functional group does a carboxylic acid have? 31. What type of chemical reaction is common for carboxylic acids? 32. What is the ...
synthpp - Knockhardy
... the reagents required to convert one functional group into another the presence of other functional groups - in case also they react the conditions required - temperature, pressure, catalyst the rate of the reaction the yield - especially important for equilibrium reactions atom economy safety - tox ...
... the reagents required to convert one functional group into another the presence of other functional groups - in case also they react the conditions required - temperature, pressure, catalyst the rate of the reaction the yield - especially important for equilibrium reactions atom economy safety - tox ...
File
... Alcohol Alkene + water • when heated with an acid catalyst:such as a concentrated acid (a dehydrating agent) or pumice, or Al2O3 • with the loss of H and OH to form water ...
... Alcohol Alkene + water • when heated with an acid catalyst:such as a concentrated acid (a dehydrating agent) or pumice, or Al2O3 • with the loss of H and OH to form water ...
Handout 7
... In conclusion, all steps included in the conversion of an aldehyde or ketone to acetal or ketal via hemiacetal or hemiketal as intermediates, are reversible. Performing the reaction in large excess of an anhydrous alcohol and a small amount of an anhydrous acid will strongly favour the formation of ...
... In conclusion, all steps included in the conversion of an aldehyde or ketone to acetal or ketal via hemiacetal or hemiketal as intermediates, are reversible. Performing the reaction in large excess of an anhydrous alcohol and a small amount of an anhydrous acid will strongly favour the formation of ...
Document
... Typical of chain reactions in low-molecular weight species. The carbon-carbon double band is, because of its relatively low stability, particularly susceptible to attach by a free radical. The reaction of the double band with a radical proceeds Well for compounds of the type CH2=CHX and CH2=CXY call ...
... Typical of chain reactions in low-molecular weight species. The carbon-carbon double band is, because of its relatively low stability, particularly susceptible to attach by a free radical. The reaction of the double band with a radical proceeds Well for compounds of the type CH2=CHX and CH2=CXY call ...
Chapter 18
... Hydrolysis can occur under either acidic or basic mechanism, although reaction under basic conditions can lead to other types of reactions so acidic hydrolysis is preferred ...
... Hydrolysis can occur under either acidic or basic mechanism, although reaction under basic conditions can lead to other types of reactions so acidic hydrolysis is preferred ...
Chapter 10: Alkyl Halides
... Allylic Bromination with NBS is analogous to the radical reaction with an alkane, a halogen and uv light (Ch. 5). The NBS can be thought of as producing a Br radical. The Br radical removes a hydrogen, leaving an allylic radical and forming HBr. This allylic radical reacts with Br2 (which is formed ...
... Allylic Bromination with NBS is analogous to the radical reaction with an alkane, a halogen and uv light (Ch. 5). The NBS can be thought of as producing a Br radical. The Br radical removes a hydrogen, leaving an allylic radical and forming HBr. This allylic radical reacts with Br2 (which is formed ...
Petasis reaction
The Petasis reaction (alternatively called the Petasis borono–Mannich (PBM) reaction) is the chemical reaction of an amine, aldehyde, and vinyl- or aryl-boronic acid to form substituted amines.Reported in 1993 by Nicos Petasis as a practical method towards the synthesis of a geometrically pure antifungal agent, naftifine, the Petasis reaction can be described as a variation of the Mannich reaction. Rather than generating an enolate to form the substituted amine product, in the Petasis reaction, the vinyl group of the organoboronic acid serves as the nucleophile. In comparison to other methods of generating allyl amines, the Petasis reaction tolerates a multifunctional scaffold, with a variety of amines and organoboronic acids as potential starting materials. Additionally, the reaction does not require anhydrous or inert conditions. As a mild, selective synthesis, the Petasis reaction is useful in generating α-amino acids, and is utilized in combinatorial chemistry and drug discovery.