Test 3 Test Skills/Competencies
... f. Amines (reversible aminol and imine formation, including cyclic aminols and imines, and the reverse reaction involving imine hydrolysis) Mechanisms: Be able to draw mechanisms for carbonyl reactions listed above, including the reverse reaction, including those involving rings. Major mechanisms in ...
... f. Amines (reversible aminol and imine formation, including cyclic aminols and imines, and the reverse reaction involving imine hydrolysis) Mechanisms: Be able to draw mechanisms for carbonyl reactions listed above, including the reverse reaction, including those involving rings. Major mechanisms in ...
Practice Questions Survey II – 1152 1. The bond angles around the
... 3. The chemical formula of methanol is CH3OH. How many unshared electron pairs are associated with a molecule of methanol? a. 1 c. 4 b. 2 d. 6 4. Which of the following functional groups does not contain a carbonyl group? a. ester c. aldehyde b. alcohol d. Ketone 5. In which of the following classes ...
... 3. The chemical formula of methanol is CH3OH. How many unshared electron pairs are associated with a molecule of methanol? a. 1 c. 4 b. 2 d. 6 4. Which of the following functional groups does not contain a carbonyl group? a. ester c. aldehyde b. alcohol d. Ketone 5. In which of the following classes ...
Hemoglobin
... select any one of the 146 amino acids in the beta-hemoglobin chain and determine what happens to the hemoglobin molecule if any of the single amino acids are converted into other amino acids. 4. Click and drag the slider to any amino acid position. The number (location in the chain) will appear in t ...
... select any one of the 146 amino acids in the beta-hemoglobin chain and determine what happens to the hemoglobin molecule if any of the single amino acids are converted into other amino acids. 4. Click and drag the slider to any amino acid position. The number (location in the chain) will appear in t ...
carboxylic acid - Career Launcher
... primary (RNH2) and secondary amines (R2NH) The reaction with tertiary amines (R3N) gives an unstable species that cannot be isolated HCl is neutralized by the amine or an added base ...
... primary (RNH2) and secondary amines (R2NH) The reaction with tertiary amines (R3N) gives an unstable species that cannot be isolated HCl is neutralized by the amine or an added base ...
1.7AMIDES
... Because the N atom is an electron withdrawing group, the C-N and H-N bonds are polar. As a result the physical properties of amides are similar to carboxylic acids. 1) Primary amides have two N-H bonds so they have even stronger hydrogen bonds than carboxylic acid. Secondary amides also have one N-H ...
... Because the N atom is an electron withdrawing group, the C-N and H-N bonds are polar. As a result the physical properties of amides are similar to carboxylic acids. 1) Primary amides have two N-H bonds so they have even stronger hydrogen bonds than carboxylic acid. Secondary amides also have one N-H ...
Chapter 10 The Chemistry of Alcohols and Thiols
... The simplest method for effecting the conversion shown is to treat the alcohol with thionyl chloride and pyridine. Conversion of the alcohol to a sulfonate ester and treatment of the ester with sodium chloride in a polar aprotic solvent would also work, but involves more steps. Because a carbocation ...
... The simplest method for effecting the conversion shown is to treat the alcohol with thionyl chloride and pyridine. Conversion of the alcohol to a sulfonate ester and treatment of the ester with sodium chloride in a polar aprotic solvent would also work, but involves more steps. Because a carbocation ...
Synthesizing Organic Compounds
... There are many reasons why chemists create new organic substances. They may be synthesized as part of research or to demonstrate a new type of reaction. Others are synthesized if a compound is needed with specific chemical and physical properties. Large amounts of some synthetic compounds are routin ...
... There are many reasons why chemists create new organic substances. They may be synthesized as part of research or to demonstrate a new type of reaction. Others are synthesized if a compound is needed with specific chemical and physical properties. Large amounts of some synthetic compounds are routin ...
poly- and heterofunctional compounds
... The main difference in these two cyclization reactions is that lactams are never obtained spontaneously or under acidic conditions because amino acids form ammonium salts in the presence of acids. Lactam formation is a thermal reaction. Problem 2. Write equations for the formation of: (a) δ-valerola ...
... The main difference in these two cyclization reactions is that lactams are never obtained spontaneously or under acidic conditions because amino acids form ammonium salts in the presence of acids. Lactam formation is a thermal reaction. Problem 2. Write equations for the formation of: (a) δ-valerola ...
Ethers, Sulfides, Epoxides - City University of New York
... Considerations: neither the electrophile (RCN) nor the nucleophile (water) is very reactive. Since we are in acid protonate the CN group to make it a better electrophile. Then attack it with the water nucleophile to add water. This results in reduction of C-N bond order and creation of C to O bonds ...
... Considerations: neither the electrophile (RCN) nor the nucleophile (water) is very reactive. Since we are in acid protonate the CN group to make it a better electrophile. Then attack it with the water nucleophile to add water. This results in reduction of C-N bond order and creation of C to O bonds ...
Samantha Landolfa Amy Ryan Section 10 Experiment 9 – Alkenes
... Experiment 9 – Alkenes from Alcohols: Analysis of a Mixture by Gas Chromatography H2SO4 ...
... Experiment 9 – Alkenes from Alcohols: Analysis of a Mixture by Gas Chromatography H2SO4 ...
Aldehydes and Ketones
... Considerations: neither the electrophile (RCN) nor the nucleophile (water) is very reactive. Since we are in acid protonate the CN group to make it a better electrophile. Then attack it with the water nucleophile to add water. This results in reduction of C-N bond order and creation of C to O bonds ...
... Considerations: neither the electrophile (RCN) nor the nucleophile (water) is very reactive. Since we are in acid protonate the CN group to make it a better electrophile. Then attack it with the water nucleophile to add water. This results in reduction of C-N bond order and creation of C to O bonds ...
CN>Chapter 22CT>Carbonyl Alpha
... single structure Tautomers interconvert rapidly while ordinary isomers do not ...
... single structure Tautomers interconvert rapidly while ordinary isomers do not ...
QUESTIONS FOR PRACTICE HYDROCARBONS 1. Name the least
... 7. Name the reaction, which involves the conversion of benzaldehyde to a mixture of benzyl alcohol and benzoic acid using sodium hydroxide. 8. Name the reducing agent used in Clemmensen`s reduction. 9. What type of aldehydes undergo Cannizzaro`s reaction? 10. Name the aldehyde which does not give Fe ...
... 7. Name the reaction, which involves the conversion of benzaldehyde to a mixture of benzyl alcohol and benzoic acid using sodium hydroxide. 8. Name the reducing agent used in Clemmensen`s reduction. 9. What type of aldehydes undergo Cannizzaro`s reaction? 10. Name the aldehyde which does not give Fe ...
Properties of , -Unsaturated Aldehydes and Ketones
... Oxygen and nitrogen nucleophiles undergo conjugate additions. Conjugate additions of water, alcohols, amines and similar nucleophiles undergo 1,4 additions: ...
... Oxygen and nitrogen nucleophiles undergo conjugate additions. Conjugate additions of water, alcohols, amines and similar nucleophiles undergo 1,4 additions: ...
Classes of organic acids and bases
... But some of phenolate anion’s resonance structures disrupt aromatic resonance & creates (-) carbon. Because phenolate’s carbon can be charged: 1. the phenolate ion is less stable than the carboxylate ion; and 2. phenol is less acidic than carboxylic acid. D&D, p.225 - 7 ...
... But some of phenolate anion’s resonance structures disrupt aromatic resonance & creates (-) carbon. Because phenolate’s carbon can be charged: 1. the phenolate ion is less stable than the carboxylate ion; and 2. phenol is less acidic than carboxylic acid. D&D, p.225 - 7 ...
essential fatty acid
... mass monohydric alcohol such as ceryl alcohol, C23H53OH. STEROIDS e.g. cholesterol. ...
... mass monohydric alcohol such as ceryl alcohol, C23H53OH. STEROIDS e.g. cholesterol. ...
Biochem09_Carboxylic_Acid
... of potato waste each year). • This potato waste can be used to make PLA. Dr. Michael P. Gillespie ...
... of potato waste each year). • This potato waste can be used to make PLA. Dr. Michael P. Gillespie ...
Topic 3 – Chemical Structure and Bonding
... o Nitration of benzene followed by reduction using Sn/HCl o Substitution of a halogen by CN- to lengthen a carbon chain o Acylation of a benzene ring followed by reduction using LiAlH4 to give an alcohol ...
... o Nitration of benzene followed by reduction using Sn/HCl o Substitution of a halogen by CN- to lengthen a carbon chain o Acylation of a benzene ring followed by reduction using LiAlH4 to give an alcohol ...
carboxylic acids and their derivatives
... carbon is decreased compared to that of aldehydes and ketones. This means, in general, that carboxylic acids are less reactive towards nucleophilic reagents than carbonyl compounds are. Moreover, a hydroxyl group belongs to poor leaving groups. However, it can be modified or transformed into other f ...
... carbon is decreased compared to that of aldehydes and ketones. This means, in general, that carboxylic acids are less reactive towards nucleophilic reagents than carbonyl compounds are. Moreover, a hydroxyl group belongs to poor leaving groups. However, it can be modified or transformed into other f ...
Class: 11 Subject: Chemistry Topic: Equilibrium No. of
... 10. Two moles of nitrogen and two moles of hydrogen are taken in a closed vessel of a five litre capacity and suitable conditions are provided for the reaction. When equilibrium is reached it is found that half a mole of nitrogen is used up. The equilibrium concentration of ammonia is A. 0.2 B. 0.4 ...
... 10. Two moles of nitrogen and two moles of hydrogen are taken in a closed vessel of a five litre capacity and suitable conditions are provided for the reaction. When equilibrium is reached it is found that half a mole of nitrogen is used up. The equilibrium concentration of ammonia is A. 0.2 B. 0.4 ...
Microsoft Word
... phenylephrine and related analogs and is divided into two sections. Chapter 2: deals with the application of Wittig-Horner approach/Heck coupling reaction towards the synthesis of tamoxifen and mintlactone and is divided into three sections. Chapter 3: includes the synthesis, characterization and ca ...
... phenylephrine and related analogs and is divided into two sections. Chapter 2: deals with the application of Wittig-Horner approach/Heck coupling reaction towards the synthesis of tamoxifen and mintlactone and is divided into three sections. Chapter 3: includes the synthesis, characterization and ca ...
Petasis reaction
The Petasis reaction (alternatively called the Petasis borono–Mannich (PBM) reaction) is the chemical reaction of an amine, aldehyde, and vinyl- or aryl-boronic acid to form substituted amines.Reported in 1993 by Nicos Petasis as a practical method towards the synthesis of a geometrically pure antifungal agent, naftifine, the Petasis reaction can be described as a variation of the Mannich reaction. Rather than generating an enolate to form the substituted amine product, in the Petasis reaction, the vinyl group of the organoboronic acid serves as the nucleophile. In comparison to other methods of generating allyl amines, the Petasis reaction tolerates a multifunctional scaffold, with a variety of amines and organoboronic acids as potential starting materials. Additionally, the reaction does not require anhydrous or inert conditions. As a mild, selective synthesis, the Petasis reaction is useful in generating α-amino acids, and is utilized in combinatorial chemistry and drug discovery.