Document
... Stoichiometry is… Greek for “measuring elements” Pronounced “stoy kee ahm uh tree” Defined ...
... Stoichiometry is… Greek for “measuring elements” Pronounced “stoy kee ahm uh tree” Defined ...
chapter19
... yield a dipolar intermediate called a betaine The intermediate spontaneously decomposes through a four-membered ring to yield alkene and triphenylphosphine oxide, (Ph)3P=O Formation of the ylide is shown below ...
... yield a dipolar intermediate called a betaine The intermediate spontaneously decomposes through a four-membered ring to yield alkene and triphenylphosphine oxide, (Ph)3P=O Formation of the ylide is shown below ...
IOSR Journal of Applied Chemistry (IOSR-JAC)
... The mechanism of Schiff base formation is another variation on the theme of nucleophile addition to the carbonyl group. In this case, the nucleophile is the amine. In the first part of the mechanism, the amine reacts with the aldehyde or ketone to give an unstable addition compound called carbinolam ...
... The mechanism of Schiff base formation is another variation on the theme of nucleophile addition to the carbonyl group. In this case, the nucleophile is the amine. In the first part of the mechanism, the amine reacts with the aldehyde or ketone to give an unstable addition compound called carbinolam ...
Development of Multi-Component Reactions using Catalytically Generated Allyl Metal Reagents
... In the past decades, the development of effective multi-component based synthesis has played an important role to achieve high atom economy and sustainable chemistry.1-7 The major challenges in this field are compatibility between the reagents and catalysts present to prevent catalyst inhibition and ...
... In the past decades, the development of effective multi-component based synthesis has played an important role to achieve high atom economy and sustainable chemistry.1-7 The major challenges in this field are compatibility between the reagents and catalysts present to prevent catalyst inhibition and ...
Handout 7
... As expected, excess ROH and /or removal of water shifts equilibrium to product. On the other hand addition of water converts the product back into the carbonyl group. ...
... As expected, excess ROH and /or removal of water shifts equilibrium to product. On the other hand addition of water converts the product back into the carbonyl group. ...
aldehydes and ketones
... • Using the root alkane name, drop the –e ending and change to –one. • Number the longest carbon chain so the C=O group has the lowest number. • Name and number other substituents as before. • Examples: ...
... • Using the root alkane name, drop the –e ending and change to –one. • Number the longest carbon chain so the C=O group has the lowest number. • Name and number other substituents as before. • Examples: ...
Chapter 1 Chemical Bonding and Chemical Structure
... • Ammonium salts are ionic compounds which imparts a high degree of water-solubility • This property can be useful in separation of amines from other compounds ...
... • Ammonium salts are ionic compounds which imparts a high degree of water-solubility • This property can be useful in separation of amines from other compounds ...
Lecture Resource ()
... Therefore, the product of the Baeyer–Villiger oxidation of cyclohexyl methyl ketone will be cyclohexyl acetate, because a secondary alkyl group is more likely to migrate than a methyl group ...
... Therefore, the product of the Baeyer–Villiger oxidation of cyclohexyl methyl ketone will be cyclohexyl acetate, because a secondary alkyl group is more likely to migrate than a methyl group ...
CBSEGuess.com
... --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1. Why sulphuric acid is not used during the reaction of alcohols with KI? 2. Explain swarts reaction. 3. How o- and p- niterophenols are separated? 4. Conert (a) eth ...
... --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1. Why sulphuric acid is not used during the reaction of alcohols with KI? 2. Explain swarts reaction. 3. How o- and p- niterophenols are separated? 4. Conert (a) eth ...
Chapter 9 Alcohols, Ethers, and Epoxides
... • The mechanism of ether cleavage is SN1 or SN2, depending on the identity of R. • When 2° or 3° alkyl groups are bonded to the ether oxygen, the C—O bond is cleaved by an SN1 mechanism involving a carbocation. With methyl or 1° R groups, the C—O bond is cleaved by an SN2 mechanism. Example: In the ...
... • The mechanism of ether cleavage is SN1 or SN2, depending on the identity of R. • When 2° or 3° alkyl groups are bonded to the ether oxygen, the C—O bond is cleaved by an SN1 mechanism involving a carbocation. With methyl or 1° R groups, the C—O bond is cleaved by an SN2 mechanism. Example: In the ...
Alcohols
... The longest chain contains six carbon atoms, but it does not contain the carbon bonded to the hydroxyl group. The longest chain containing the carbon bonded to the —OH group is the one outlined by the green box, containing five carbon atoms. This chain is numbered from right to left in order to give ...
... The longest chain contains six carbon atoms, but it does not contain the carbon bonded to the hydroxyl group. The longest chain containing the carbon bonded to the —OH group is the one outlined by the green box, containing five carbon atoms. This chain is numbered from right to left in order to give ...
Answers - Final Exam 2013
... e. An alkyne containing at least 3 carbon atoms, that produces an achiral diol when treated with H2 and Lindlar catalyst, followed by OsO4 and then aqueous NaHSO3, or when treated with Na in liquid NH3, followed by MCPBA and then aqueous H2SO4, and an alkyne also containing at least 3 carbon atoms t ...
... e. An alkyne containing at least 3 carbon atoms, that produces an achiral diol when treated with H2 and Lindlar catalyst, followed by OsO4 and then aqueous NaHSO3, or when treated with Na in liquid NH3, followed by MCPBA and then aqueous H2SO4, and an alkyne also containing at least 3 carbon atoms t ...
$doc.title
... Names and ProperHes of Ethers • Simple ethers are named by idenHfying the two organic subsHtuents and adding the word ether • If other funcHonal groups are present, the ether part is considered ...
... Names and ProperHes of Ethers • Simple ethers are named by idenHfying the two organic subsHtuents and adding the word ether • If other funcHonal groups are present, the ether part is considered ...
Direct organocatalytic enantioselective a-aminomethylation
... complexes.10 Recently, Shibasaki and Matsunaga,11 and Trost and co-workers12 developed di-nuclear zinc organometallic complexes as catalyst for the direct catalytic enantioselective Mannich-type reactions between hydroxyarylketones and preformed imines. In addition, Jørgensen and co-workers have dev ...
... complexes.10 Recently, Shibasaki and Matsunaga,11 and Trost and co-workers12 developed di-nuclear zinc organometallic complexes as catalyst for the direct catalytic enantioselective Mannich-type reactions between hydroxyarylketones and preformed imines. In addition, Jørgensen and co-workers have dev ...
Bimolecular reactions of the chromium
... may be blocked at the first insertion step. Thus, any not known. Hence, the reaction enthalpies of its reactions method to generate Cr+-C$14 in the gas phase has to start are difficult to estimate. Recently, the AHAo-benzyne) from another Cr+-arene complex. Figure 1 shows the value of 442 f 10 kJ mo ...
... may be blocked at the first insertion step. Thus, any not known. Hence, the reaction enthalpies of its reactions method to generate Cr+-C$14 in the gas phase has to start are difficult to estimate. Recently, the AHAo-benzyne) from another Cr+-arene complex. Figure 1 shows the value of 442 f 10 kJ mo ...
New Phenylglycine-Derived Primary Amine Organocatalysts for the
... large scale, with no chromatographic purification involved, by treating the appropriate methyl or ethyl ester hydrochloride salt of the amino acid with a five- to tenfold excess of PhMgBr in Et2O or THF. In this way, naturally occurring -leucine and -phenylalanine gave 13 and 14,[13] whereas synth ...
... large scale, with no chromatographic purification involved, by treating the appropriate methyl or ethyl ester hydrochloride salt of the amino acid with a five- to tenfold excess of PhMgBr in Et2O or THF. In this way, naturally occurring -leucine and -phenylalanine gave 13 and 14,[13] whereas synth ...
Document
... • HBr (or other HX) Addition in Two Overall Steps • H+ and Carbocation are the Respective Electrophiles • This is a SYMMETRIC Alkene ASYMMETRIC ALKENES? ...
... • HBr (or other HX) Addition in Two Overall Steps • H+ and Carbocation are the Respective Electrophiles • This is a SYMMETRIC Alkene ASYMMETRIC ALKENES? ...
2287 Summary
... Brominated Ketones.-The procedure for the preparation was that of Schmidt,6 according to which the ketone is brominated in glacial acetic acid. a-Bromo-n-va1erophenone.-As this substance has not previously been described in the literature, it may be mentioned that it is a straw-colored liquid boilin ...
... Brominated Ketones.-The procedure for the preparation was that of Schmidt,6 according to which the ketone is brominated in glacial acetic acid. a-Bromo-n-va1erophenone.-As this substance has not previously been described in the literature, it may be mentioned that it is a straw-colored liquid boilin ...
CHAPTER 12 Study Guide
... NaCl Produced by Reacting Sodium With Chlorine Mass of NaCl produced (g) ...
... NaCl Produced by Reacting Sodium With Chlorine Mass of NaCl produced (g) ...
ELECTROPHILIC ADDITIONS OF ALKENES AS THE
... THE NEXT TWO REACTIONS ADD TWO HYDROXYL GROUPS (OH) ACROSS THE DOUBLE BOND 7. SYN HYDROXYLATION. Adds two hydroxyl groups accross the π-bond with syn-stereochemistry. It can be performed with two reagent mixtures: pot assium permanganate in basic medium, or osmium tetroxide in the presence of hydrog ...
... THE NEXT TWO REACTIONS ADD TWO HYDROXYL GROUPS (OH) ACROSS THE DOUBLE BOND 7. SYN HYDROXYLATION. Adds two hydroxyl groups accross the π-bond with syn-stereochemistry. It can be performed with two reagent mixtures: pot assium permanganate in basic medium, or osmium tetroxide in the presence of hydrog ...
Pd presentation
... •Usually has high yield and selectivity •Less expensive than Platinum, which has similar properties Palladium can be used in a wide variety of reactions: •Stille- between organohalides & organotin compounds •Buchwald-Hartwig- between aryl halide & amine or aryl alcohol •Tsuji-Trost- between alkene & ...
... •Usually has high yield and selectivity •Less expensive than Platinum, which has similar properties Palladium can be used in a wide variety of reactions: •Stille- between organohalides & organotin compounds •Buchwald-Hartwig- between aryl halide & amine or aryl alcohol •Tsuji-Trost- between alkene & ...
CHAPTER 21 PHENOLS AND ARYL HALIDES
... Aryl halides and vinylic halides are relatively unreactive toward nucleophilic substitution under conditions that give facile nucleophilic substitution with alkyl halides. Reason: (1) Phenyl cations are very unstable. (2) Halogen bonds of aryl (and vinylic) halides are shorter and stronger than tho ...
... Aryl halides and vinylic halides are relatively unreactive toward nucleophilic substitution under conditions that give facile nucleophilic substitution with alkyl halides. Reason: (1) Phenyl cations are very unstable. (2) Halogen bonds of aryl (and vinylic) halides are shorter and stronger than tho ...
Discodermolide
(+)-Discodermolide is a polyketide natural product found to stabilize microtubule. (+)-discodermolide was isolated by Gunasekera and his co-workers at the Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute from the deep-sea sponge Discodermia dissoluta in 1990. (+)-Discodermolide was found to be a potent inhibitor of tumor cell growth in several MDR cancer cell lines. (+)-discodermolide also shows some unique characters, including a linear backbone structure, immunosuppressive properties both in vitro and in vivo, potent induction of an accelerated senescence phenotype, and synergistic antiproliferative activity in combination with paclitaxel. Discodermolide was recognized as one of the most potent natural promoters of tubulin assembly. A large number of efforts toward the total synthesis of (+)-discodermolide were directed by its interesting biological activities and extreme scarcity of natural sources (0.002% w/w from frozen marine sponge). The compound supply necessary for complete clinical trials cannot be met by harvesting, isolation, and purification. As of 2005, attempts at synthesis or semi-synthesis by fermentation have proven unsuccessful. As a result, all discodermolide used in preclinical studies and clinical trials has come from large-scale total synthesis.