Ethers and Epoxides - Delaware State University
... acid–catalyzed dehydration of ethanol – also with other primary alcohols ...
... acid–catalyzed dehydration of ethanol – also with other primary alcohols ...
Chapter 24. Amines
... Azo-coupled products have extended conjugation that lead to low energy electronic transitions that occur in visible light (dyes) ...
... Azo-coupled products have extended conjugation that lead to low energy electronic transitions that occur in visible light (dyes) ...
Instructor notes
... methane to methanol was reported by Shilov in 1972. A large portion of the research in “Shilov Chemistry” has focused on determining the mechanism of the original Shilov system. Shilov proposed a reasonable mechanism just a few years after the discovery of this system. The first step of this cycle i ...
... methane to methanol was reported by Shilov in 1972. A large portion of the research in “Shilov Chemistry” has focused on determining the mechanism of the original Shilov system. Shilov proposed a reasonable mechanism just a few years after the discovery of this system. The first step of this cycle i ...
Nuggets of Knowledge for Chapter 14 – Ethers
... If an aryl halide undergoes this reaction, the resulting aryl alcohol does not undergo a second reaction with the acid halide, since it cannot be attacked by a nucleophile in this way. Phenol and an alkyl halide are the products. ...
... If an aryl halide undergoes this reaction, the resulting aryl alcohol does not undergo a second reaction with the acid halide, since it cannot be attacked by a nucleophile in this way. Phenol and an alkyl halide are the products. ...
Gas Chromatography: Analyzing Alkene Isomers David L. Flanigan
... When 2-methyl-2-butanol is subject to acid catalyzed dehydration conditions two alkene products are formed. Based on the gas chromatography data the ratio of 2-methyl-2-butene to 2-methyl-1-butene is approximately 84:16. It was predicted that two different alkene products would form upon dehydration ...
... When 2-methyl-2-butanol is subject to acid catalyzed dehydration conditions two alkene products are formed. Based on the gas chromatography data the ratio of 2-methyl-2-butene to 2-methyl-1-butene is approximately 84:16. It was predicted that two different alkene products would form upon dehydration ...
Chapter16McMurryPPP
... This forms a cationic addition intermediate from benzene and a bromine cation The intermediate is not aromatic and therefore high in energy (see Figure 16.2) ...
... This forms a cationic addition intermediate from benzene and a bromine cation The intermediate is not aromatic and therefore high in energy (see Figure 16.2) ...
communication - Kyushu University Library
... 9-hydroxy group in the literature.[14] These facts suggest that OH– is located near the 9-hydroxy group of the ammonium cation. In terms of the reaction mechanism, this asymmetric hydrolysis is composed of hydrolysis and following protonation. Although the first hydrolysis step can affect the enanit ...
... 9-hydroxy group in the literature.[14] These facts suggest that OH– is located near the 9-hydroxy group of the ammonium cation. In terms of the reaction mechanism, this asymmetric hydrolysis is composed of hydrolysis and following protonation. Although the first hydrolysis step can affect the enanit ...
Ethers and Epoxides
... • Tetrahydrofuran (THF) is a solvent that is a cyclic ether • Epoxides contain a C-O-C unit which make-up a three membered ring • Thiols (R–S–H) and sulfides (R–S–R) are sulfur (for oxygen) analogs of alcohols and ethers ...
... • Tetrahydrofuran (THF) is a solvent that is a cyclic ether • Epoxides contain a C-O-C unit which make-up a three membered ring • Thiols (R–S–H) and sulfides (R–S–R) are sulfur (for oxygen) analogs of alcohols and ethers ...
Alkyl Aryl Ether Bond Formation with PhenoFluor
... are obtained at elevated temperature. The reaction tolerates a variety of functional groups, including aldehydes, alkenes, alkynes, amines, amides, esters, halides, and ketones (Table 1). Both electron-poor and -rich phenols are suitable substrates. Substituted salicylaldehydes cannot be used to acc ...
... are obtained at elevated temperature. The reaction tolerates a variety of functional groups, including aldehydes, alkenes, alkynes, amines, amides, esters, halides, and ketones (Table 1). Both electron-poor and -rich phenols are suitable substrates. Substituted salicylaldehydes cannot be used to acc ...
Oxidation - Sciencemadness
... • The acidic conditions keep the chromium in the Cr2O72state. • Potassium dichromate is not as powerful an oxidizing agent as is potassium permanganate • Sodium dichromate can be substituted for potassium dichromate -- it makes no difference. • There is a color change during the reaction. The orang ...
... • The acidic conditions keep the chromium in the Cr2O72state. • Potassium dichromate is not as powerful an oxidizing agent as is potassium permanganate • Sodium dichromate can be substituted for potassium dichromate -- it makes no difference. • There is a color change during the reaction. The orang ...
Amide bond formation and peptide coupling
... generate acyl chlorides from their corresponding acids. Phoshonium pentachloride is generally used for aromatic acids, which contains electron-withdrawing substituents and which do not react readily with thionyl chloride 4.11 The mechanism of acid chloride formation using thionyl chloride 4 or oxaly ...
... generate acyl chlorides from their corresponding acids. Phoshonium pentachloride is generally used for aromatic acids, which contains electron-withdrawing substituents and which do not react readily with thionyl chloride 4.11 The mechanism of acid chloride formation using thionyl chloride 4 or oxaly ...
Organic Chemistry Fifth Edition
... A functional group is a structural unit in a molecule responsible for its characteristic physical properties as well as its behavior under a particular set of reaction conditions. Alkenes and alkynes are examples of functional groups. In this chapter we specifically meet alkylhalides and alcohols ...
... A functional group is a structural unit in a molecule responsible for its characteristic physical properties as well as its behavior under a particular set of reaction conditions. Alkenes and alkynes are examples of functional groups. In this chapter we specifically meet alkylhalides and alcohols ...
1.1 10 Oxidation of alcohols and aldehydes
... After a bottle of wine has been opened, ethanal can form within as little as two hours. White wines and older reds are particularly susceptible to oxidation. Figure 5 Wine tasting ...
... After a bottle of wine has been opened, ethanal can form within as little as two hours. White wines and older reds are particularly susceptible to oxidation. Figure 5 Wine tasting ...
Modified polyacrylamide-supported chlorochromate as a
... General procedure for the oxidation of organic compounds with the 5 % cross-linked polymer (III) In a round bottomed flask (25 mL), a mixture of the organic compound (1.00 mmol) and polymeric reagent (III) (2.00–4.00 mmol, based on the molar ratio of oxidant to substrate) in cyclohexane or n-hexane ...
... General procedure for the oxidation of organic compounds with the 5 % cross-linked polymer (III) In a round bottomed flask (25 mL), a mixture of the organic compound (1.00 mmol) and polymeric reagent (III) (2.00–4.00 mmol, based on the molar ratio of oxidant to substrate) in cyclohexane or n-hexane ...
Barton Deoxygenation
... major exception to this rule). 5-hexenyl radicals are the most synthetically useful intermediates for radical cyclizations, because cyclization is extremely rapid and exo selective. Although the exo radical is less thermodynamically stable than the endo radical, the more rapid exo cyclization is rat ...
... major exception to this rule). 5-hexenyl radicals are the most synthetically useful intermediates for radical cyclizations, because cyclization is extremely rapid and exo selective. Although the exo radical is less thermodynamically stable than the endo radical, the more rapid exo cyclization is rat ...
Discodermolide
(+)-Discodermolide is a polyketide natural product found to stabilize microtubule. (+)-discodermolide was isolated by Gunasekera and his co-workers at the Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute from the deep-sea sponge Discodermia dissoluta in 1990. (+)-Discodermolide was found to be a potent inhibitor of tumor cell growth in several MDR cancer cell lines. (+)-discodermolide also shows some unique characters, including a linear backbone structure, immunosuppressive properties both in vitro and in vivo, potent induction of an accelerated senescence phenotype, and synergistic antiproliferative activity in combination with paclitaxel. Discodermolide was recognized as one of the most potent natural promoters of tubulin assembly. A large number of efforts toward the total synthesis of (+)-discodermolide were directed by its interesting biological activities and extreme scarcity of natural sources (0.002% w/w from frozen marine sponge). The compound supply necessary for complete clinical trials cannot be met by harvesting, isolation, and purification. As of 2005, attempts at synthesis or semi-synthesis by fermentation have proven unsuccessful. As a result, all discodermolide used in preclinical studies and clinical trials has come from large-scale total synthesis.