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An Epoxidation Reaction: The Epoxidation of Cholesterol to 5 ,6
... Figure 3. Aliphatic or dialkyl ethers. Note: IUPAC name above and common name in blue. Aromatic Ethers Aromatic ethers are named in the same way as aliphatic ethers, except that the longer chain is generally an aromatic ring. Many aromatic ethers have common names. For example, methoxybenzene is ani ...
... Figure 3. Aliphatic or dialkyl ethers. Note: IUPAC name above and common name in blue. Aromatic Ethers Aromatic ethers are named in the same way as aliphatic ethers, except that the longer chain is generally an aromatic ring. Many aromatic ethers have common names. For example, methoxybenzene is ani ...
organic functional group analysis
... This experiment will introduce you to some of the more common functional groups of organic chemistry. The functional group is that portion of the molecule that undergoes a structural change during a chemical reaction. The functional groups that will be studied in this experiment are carboxylic acid, ...
... This experiment will introduce you to some of the more common functional groups of organic chemistry. The functional group is that portion of the molecule that undergoes a structural change during a chemical reaction. The functional groups that will be studied in this experiment are carboxylic acid, ...
Chapter 18 Carboxylic Acids
... The problem of formation of precipitates in hard water was overcome by using a molecule containing a sulfonate (-SO3) group in the place of a carboxylate (-CO2-) group. • Calcium, magnesium and iron salts of sulfonic acids, RSO3H, are more soluble in water than are their salts of ...
... The problem of formation of precipitates in hard water was overcome by using a molecule containing a sulfonate (-SO3) group in the place of a carboxylate (-CO2-) group. • Calcium, magnesium and iron salts of sulfonic acids, RSO3H, are more soluble in water than are their salts of ...
Sodium Borohydride Reduction of Vanillin
... Sodium borohydride reductions are usually carried out in a dilute (~1 M) aqueous NaOH solution or an alcohol. The reagent is not stable at low pH, and even in a neutral aqueous solution it decomposes to the extent of about 4.5% per hour at 25°C. Acidic functional groups, such as COOH and the OH grou ...
... Sodium borohydride reductions are usually carried out in a dilute (~1 M) aqueous NaOH solution or an alcohol. The reagent is not stable at low pH, and even in a neutral aqueous solution it decomposes to the extent of about 4.5% per hour at 25°C. Acidic functional groups, such as COOH and the OH grou ...
carboxylic acids and their derivatives
... properties of the double-bonded oxygen as compared with that of carbonyl compounds. This explains the fact that carboxylic acids exist normally in an associated form with strong intermolecular hydrogen bonds between the basic and OH-acidic sites. For example, acetic acid exists as a dimer, even in a ...
... properties of the double-bonded oxygen as compared with that of carbonyl compounds. This explains the fact that carboxylic acids exist normally in an associated form with strong intermolecular hydrogen bonds between the basic and OH-acidic sites. For example, acetic acid exists as a dimer, even in a ...
Chapter 20 Carboxylic Acids
... Carboxylate salts of Na+, K+, Li+, and NH4+ are soluble in water. Soap is the soluble sodium salt of a long chain fatty acid. Salts can be formed by the reaction of an acid with NaHCO3, releasing CO2. ...
... Carboxylate salts of Na+, K+, Li+, and NH4+ are soluble in water. Soap is the soluble sodium salt of a long chain fatty acid. Salts can be formed by the reaction of an acid with NaHCO3, releasing CO2. ...
Chapter 20 Carboxylic Acids
... • Carboxylate salts of Na+, K+, Li+, and NH4+ are soluble in water. • Soap is the soluble sodium salt of a long chain fatty acid. • Salts can be formed by the reaction of an acid with NaHCO3, releasing CO2. ...
... • Carboxylate salts of Na+, K+, Li+, and NH4+ are soluble in water. • Soap is the soluble sodium salt of a long chain fatty acid. • Salts can be formed by the reaction of an acid with NaHCO3, releasing CO2. ...
CHAPTER 12. DECODING ORGANIC STRUCTURES: THE
... The Carboxylic Acid Group The carboxylic acid group features both a carbonyl group like the ketone and aldehyde groups and a hydroxyl group like the alcohol group. Like the alcohol group, the carboxylic acid group gives a molecule the ability to form hydrogen bonds. The most important property, howe ...
... The Carboxylic Acid Group The carboxylic acid group features both a carbonyl group like the ketone and aldehyde groups and a hydroxyl group like the alcohol group. Like the alcohol group, the carboxylic acid group gives a molecule the ability to form hydrogen bonds. The most important property, howe ...
Nucleophilic Substitution Reactions
... ■ The polarity in halogenoalkanes is due to the fact that the halogen atom is more electronegative than carbon, and so exserts a stronger pull on the shared electrons in the carbon-halogen bond. ■ As a result, the halogen gains a partial negative charge and the carbon gains a partial positive charge ...
... ■ The polarity in halogenoalkanes is due to the fact that the halogen atom is more electronegative than carbon, and so exserts a stronger pull on the shared electrons in the carbon-halogen bond. ■ As a result, the halogen gains a partial negative charge and the carbon gains a partial positive charge ...
Phenol File
... it dissolves very slightly in water to form a weak acidic solution it is a stronger acid than aliphatic alcohols the ring helps weaken the O-H bond and stabilises the resulting anion C6H5OH(aq) ...
... it dissolves very slightly in water to form a weak acidic solution it is a stronger acid than aliphatic alcohols the ring helps weaken the O-H bond and stabilises the resulting anion C6H5OH(aq) ...
CHEM 109A CLAS Alkenes and Reactions of
... Alkenes (CnH2n, if cyclic CnH2n-2) – hydrocarbons that contain a carbon-carbon double bond. Nomenclature Alkenes (CnH2n): -ene 1. Determine the # of C atoms in the longest continuous chain (parent chain) that CONTAINS the double bond – Watch for branches! a. Use a prefix for # of double bonds (EX. d ...
... Alkenes (CnH2n, if cyclic CnH2n-2) – hydrocarbons that contain a carbon-carbon double bond. Nomenclature Alkenes (CnH2n): -ene 1. Determine the # of C atoms in the longest continuous chain (parent chain) that CONTAINS the double bond – Watch for branches! a. Use a prefix for # of double bonds (EX. d ...
Class 5 011806 - Westmont homepage server
... taste buds, and brain--are so very sensitive. Just a few micrograms (millionths of the weight of, say, a mosquito) of gasoline or french-fry oil in the air, and we're in business detecting chemicals. We humans can distinguish about 10,000 different smells. And we do it in just a few milliseconds. ...
... taste buds, and brain--are so very sensitive. Just a few micrograms (millionths of the weight of, say, a mosquito) of gasoline or french-fry oil in the air, and we're in business detecting chemicals. We humans can distinguish about 10,000 different smells. And we do it in just a few milliseconds. ...
Synthesis of (−)-Epibatidine - David A. Evans
... diastereomer was complicated as a result of slowly interconverting conformations as observed by 1H NMR spectroscopy, even at elevated temperatures. Ultimately, the major isomer was determined to be equatorial alcohol 16 by the straightforward conversion of minor isomer 17 to epibatadine (1) by a thr ...
... diastereomer was complicated as a result of slowly interconverting conformations as observed by 1H NMR spectroscopy, even at elevated temperatures. Ultimately, the major isomer was determined to be equatorial alcohol 16 by the straightforward conversion of minor isomer 17 to epibatadine (1) by a thr ...
Alkanes In alkanes, the C-C bonds are weaker than the C
... of the aromatic ring to give [M-C2H2] is observed, as are relatively abundant (1% - 5%) doublycharged molecular ions. If a benzylic group is present (e.g. if there is an alkyl substituent), then a prominent peak at m/z 91, corresponding to C7H7, will be observed. In this case, an ion series consisti ...
... of the aromatic ring to give [M-C2H2] is observed, as are relatively abundant (1% - 5%) doublycharged molecular ions. If a benzylic group is present (e.g. if there is an alkyl substituent), then a prominent peak at m/z 91, corresponding to C7H7, will be observed. In this case, an ion series consisti ...
Alcohols
... • When -OH is part of a higher priority class of compound, it is named as hydroxy. • Example: OH CH2CH2CH2COOH ...
... • When -OH is part of a higher priority class of compound, it is named as hydroxy. • Example: OH CH2CH2CH2COOH ...
GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF DISINFECTANTS
... Wide germicidal activity, non corrosive, but poses a fire hazard. Limited residual activity due to evaporation. Alcohols provide limited activity in the presence of organic matter. Not considered effective against bacterial or fungal spores. Excellent for disinfecting instruments or other small obje ...
... Wide germicidal activity, non corrosive, but poses a fire hazard. Limited residual activity due to evaporation. Alcohols provide limited activity in the presence of organic matter. Not considered effective against bacterial or fungal spores. Excellent for disinfecting instruments or other small obje ...
An Introduction to Functional Groups in Organic Chemistry What are
... The aldehyde functional group contains a carbonyl group, with the carbon of that group bonded to at least one hydrogen atom. The other bond is either to a carbon atom or another hydrogen atom. R is an alkyl group or another hydrogen atom in the case of formaldehyde. ...
... The aldehyde functional group contains a carbonyl group, with the carbon of that group bonded to at least one hydrogen atom. The other bond is either to a carbon atom or another hydrogen atom. R is an alkyl group or another hydrogen atom in the case of formaldehyde. ...
Organic Chemistry
... double bonds Since there are fewer hydrogen atoms in alkenes as a result of the double bond, alkenes are referred to as unsaturated. Alkanes on the other hand have the maximum number of hydrogen atoms. They are referred to as saturated. ...
... double bonds Since there are fewer hydrogen atoms in alkenes as a result of the double bond, alkenes are referred to as unsaturated. Alkanes on the other hand have the maximum number of hydrogen atoms. They are referred to as saturated. ...
Reactions of Carboxylic Acids
... the location of a second substituent. Numbers are used to specify locations when more than two substituents are present. © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. ...
... the location of a second substituent. Numbers are used to specify locations when more than two substituents are present. © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. ...
Alcohol
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Alcohol.png?width=300)
In chemistry, an alcohol is any organic compound in which the hydroxyl functional group (–OH) is bound to a saturated carbon atom. The term alcohol originally referred to the primary alcohol ethyl alcohol (ethanol), the predominant alcohol in alcoholic beverages.The suffix -ol appears in the IUPAC chemical name of all substances where the hydroxyl group is the functional group with the highest priority; in substances where a higher priority group is present the prefix hydroxy- will appear in the IUPAC name. The suffix -ol in non-systematic names (such as paracetamol or cholesterol) also typically indicates that the substance includes a hydroxyl functional group and, so, can be termed an alcohol. But many substances, particularly sugars (examples glucose and sucrose) contain hydroxyl functional groups without using the suffix. An important class of alcohols, of which methanol and ethanol are the simplest members is the saturated straight chain alcohols, the general formula for which is CnH2n+1OH.