- Kendriya Vidyalaya NKJ Katni
... 18. 50% of the original amount of a reactant was added to the reaction mixture after 40 min. What % of the total amount will be present after 60 min, given that half life period of the reaction is 20 min. ...
... 18. 50% of the original amount of a reactant was added to the reaction mixture after 40 min. What % of the total amount will be present after 60 min, given that half life period of the reaction is 20 min. ...
Carbohydrates
... Chirality: handedness in molecules • “Handedness” is a feature that an object possesses by virtue of its symmetry. When an object has a handedness (e.g. right- or left-), its mirror image cannot be superimposed upon it (the mirror image and object are non-superimposable) • Non-superimposable means ...
... Chirality: handedness in molecules • “Handedness” is a feature that an object possesses by virtue of its symmetry. When an object has a handedness (e.g. right- or left-), its mirror image cannot be superimposed upon it (the mirror image and object are non-superimposable) • Non-superimposable means ...
Kinetics - Chemistry Geek
... The overall progress of a chemical reaction can be represented at the molecular level by a series of simple elementary steps or elementary reactions. The sequence of elementary steps that leads to product formation is the reaction mechanism. 2NO (g) + O2 (g) ...
... The overall progress of a chemical reaction can be represented at the molecular level by a series of simple elementary steps or elementary reactions. The sequence of elementary steps that leads to product formation is the reaction mechanism. 2NO (g) + O2 (g) ...
Electrolytes and Ionic Theory - electrolytes: substances that dissolve
... acid must be a MOLECULE!) ACETIC ACID + WATER Bulb lights, but dimmer than NaCl/water. Acetic acid is a WEAK ELECTROLYTE; partially ionizing in solution. Acetic acid reacts with water to produce ions. 2M ACETIC ACID (AQUEOUS) Lights, but is dim. WEAK ELECTROLYTE 2M HYDROCHLORIC ACID (AQUEOUS) Bright ...
... acid must be a MOLECULE!) ACETIC ACID + WATER Bulb lights, but dimmer than NaCl/water. Acetic acid is a WEAK ELECTROLYTE; partially ionizing in solution. Acetic acid reacts with water to produce ions. 2M ACETIC ACID (AQUEOUS) Lights, but is dim. WEAK ELECTROLYTE 2M HYDROCHLORIC ACID (AQUEOUS) Bright ...
questionsheet 1 e/z (cis/trans) isomerism
... c) If the π-orbitals of II were completely localised / by comparison with cyclohexene (1) enthalpy of hydrogenation of II could be calculated as –119.6 x 2 = -239.2 kJ mol-1 (1) This is 7.5 kJ mol-1 different from the experimental value (1) ∴II is energetically more stable than if it had two complet ...
... c) If the π-orbitals of II were completely localised / by comparison with cyclohexene (1) enthalpy of hydrogenation of II could be calculated as –119.6 x 2 = -239.2 kJ mol-1 (1) This is 7.5 kJ mol-1 different from the experimental value (1) ∴II is energetically more stable than if it had two complet ...
Chapter 4: Aqueous Reactions and Solution
... A weak base undergoes a hydrolysis reaction with water. This reaction produces hydroxide ions. At any given moment, only a small percent of the base molecules have undergone hydrolysis. The most common weak base is ammonia. ...
... A weak base undergoes a hydrolysis reaction with water. This reaction produces hydroxide ions. At any given moment, only a small percent of the base molecules have undergone hydrolysis. The most common weak base is ammonia. ...
Hydrocarbons - New York Science Teacher
... location of the attached “methyl” groups - Since there are two “methyl” groups you must use the prefix “di” (dimethyl) - Notice that one is on carbon 2 and the other on carbon 3 - So the final name would be 2,3 dimethyl Butane ...
... location of the attached “methyl” groups - Since there are two “methyl” groups you must use the prefix “di” (dimethyl) - Notice that one is on carbon 2 and the other on carbon 3 - So the final name would be 2,3 dimethyl Butane ...
6.5 Organic Lecture
... – Alkenes are hydrocarbons with at least one double carbon to carbon bond. • To show the presence of the double bond, the –ane suffix from the alkane name is changed to –ene. – The alkenes are unsaturated with respect to hydrogen • This means it does not have the maximum number of hydrogen atoms as ...
... – Alkenes are hydrocarbons with at least one double carbon to carbon bond. • To show the presence of the double bond, the –ane suffix from the alkane name is changed to –ene. – The alkenes are unsaturated with respect to hydrogen • This means it does not have the maximum number of hydrogen atoms as ...
Organic Chemistry Unit Test – Tuesday October 7
... Write equations or draw structural diagrams to represent the reactions of alcohols. Write either the IUPAC name or the structural formula for an ether, given the other. Write equations or draw structural diagrams to represent the formation of ethers. Write the IUPAC names for aldehydes and ketones, ...
... Write equations or draw structural diagrams to represent the reactions of alcohols. Write either the IUPAC name or the structural formula for an ether, given the other. Write equations or draw structural diagrams to represent the formation of ethers. Write the IUPAC names for aldehydes and ketones, ...
Chapter 10 Chemical Reactions
... Combustion: Hydrocarbons (compounds with only C and H atoms) burn in the presence of O2 gas to produce steam (water vapor) and carbon dioxide gas. Example: C2H4(g) + 3 O2(g) 2 CO2(g) + 2 H2O (g) Objectives: ...
... Combustion: Hydrocarbons (compounds with only C and H atoms) burn in the presence of O2 gas to produce steam (water vapor) and carbon dioxide gas. Example: C2H4(g) + 3 O2(g) 2 CO2(g) + 2 H2O (g) Objectives: ...
Document
... Mostly chromium +6 (six Cr—O bonds) or manganese +7 (seven Mn—O bonds). Common Cr6+ reagents include CrO3 and sodium or potassium dichromate (Na2Cr2O7 and K2Cr2O7). Pyridinium chlorochromate (PCC) is a more selective Cr6+ oxidant. ...
... Mostly chromium +6 (six Cr—O bonds) or manganese +7 (seven Mn—O bonds). Common Cr6+ reagents include CrO3 and sodium or potassium dichromate (Na2Cr2O7 and K2Cr2O7). Pyridinium chlorochromate (PCC) is a more selective Cr6+ oxidant. ...
AE-December-2016-04-BS-12
... pressure, can be prepared from 1-naphthol, epichlorohydrin and isopropylamine using two successive nucleophilic substitution reactions. Devise a stepwise synthesis of propranolol from these starting materials. ...
... pressure, can be prepared from 1-naphthol, epichlorohydrin and isopropylamine using two successive nucleophilic substitution reactions. Devise a stepwise synthesis of propranolol from these starting materials. ...
11.2 Types of Chemical Reactions
... consist of an element and a compound. In the equation above, zinc and copper change places. The reacting element Zn replaces copper in the reactant compound Cu(NO3)2. The products are the element Cu and the compound Zn(NO3)2. Whether one metal will displace another metal from a compound depends upon ...
... consist of an element and a compound. In the equation above, zinc and copper change places. The reacting element Zn replaces copper in the reactant compound Cu(NO3)2. The products are the element Cu and the compound Zn(NO3)2. Whether one metal will displace another metal from a compound depends upon ...
AP - 04 - Reactions in Aqueous Solutions
... Net Ionic equation—shows the overall chemical reaction with the spectator ions removed If every ion in a complete ionic equation is a SPECTATOR, then they will all cancel out and NO REACTION occurs (NOTHING CHANGES!) Write a balanced molecular equation for the reaction and indicate which speci ...
... Net Ionic equation—shows the overall chemical reaction with the spectator ions removed If every ion in a complete ionic equation is a SPECTATOR, then they will all cancel out and NO REACTION occurs (NOTHING CHANGES!) Write a balanced molecular equation for the reaction and indicate which speci ...
APEF – Equilibrium and Reaction Rate Multiple Choice Answers
... A and B are less stable than C and D. Activation energy for the forward reaction is greater than for the reverse reaction. The effect of a temperature change is greater for the forward reaction than for the reverse reaction. The forward reaction is endothermic. ...
... A and B are less stable than C and D. Activation energy for the forward reaction is greater than for the reverse reaction. The effect of a temperature change is greater for the forward reaction than for the reverse reaction. The forward reaction is endothermic. ...
carbonyl group
... 2.The alcohol oxygen then attacks the carbonyl carbon. 3. a proton is lost from the resulting positive oxygen. Each step is reversible. In terms of acid–base reactions, the starting acid in each step is converted to a product acid of similar strength ...
... 2.The alcohol oxygen then attacks the carbonyl carbon. 3. a proton is lost from the resulting positive oxygen. Each step is reversible. In terms of acid–base reactions, the starting acid in each step is converted to a product acid of similar strength ...
ALKANE ALKYL HALIDE Halogenation of Alkanes
... Cleavage of an Alkene by Ozonolysis - Ch 10, 17, 20 O3 ...
... Cleavage of an Alkene by Ozonolysis - Ch 10, 17, 20 O3 ...
Acid derivatives
... Different carboxylic acid derivatives have very different reactivities, acyl chlorides and bromides being the most reactive and amides the least reactive, as noted in the following qualitatively ordered list. The change in reactivity is dramatic. In homogeneous solvent systems, reaction of acyl chlo ...
... Different carboxylic acid derivatives have very different reactivities, acyl chlorides and bromides being the most reactive and amides the least reactive, as noted in the following qualitatively ordered list. The change in reactivity is dramatic. In homogeneous solvent systems, reaction of acyl chlo ...
notes07
... 2. Crash Course in Organic Chemistry Before learning how hydrocarbons react with oxygen in flames, we must first go over some nomenclature for the different classes of hydrocarbons. 2.1. Alkanes (paraffins): These molecules consist of carbon atoms which are all connected by single bonds and are satu ...
... 2. Crash Course in Organic Chemistry Before learning how hydrocarbons react with oxygen in flames, we must first go over some nomenclature for the different classes of hydrocarbons. 2.1. Alkanes (paraffins): These molecules consist of carbon atoms which are all connected by single bonds and are satu ...
BIOB111 - Tutorial activities for session 8
... that contain the same number of carbon atoms. However, these acyclic and cyclic compounds contain different numbers of hydrogen atoms, even though they have the same number of carbon atoms. Which of the following best describes why acyclic and cyclic versions of hydrocarbons contain different number ...
... that contain the same number of carbon atoms. However, these acyclic and cyclic compounds contain different numbers of hydrogen atoms, even though they have the same number of carbon atoms. Which of the following best describes why acyclic and cyclic versions of hydrocarbons contain different number ...
Strychnine total synthesis
Strychnine total synthesis in chemistry describes the total synthesis of the complex biomolecule strychnine. The first reported method by the group of Robert Burns Woodward in 1954 is considered a classic in this research field. At the time it formed the natural conclusion to an elaborate process of molecular structure elucidation that started with the isolation of strychnine from the beans of Strychnos ignatii by Pierre Joseph Pelletier and Joseph Bienaimé Caventou in 1818. Major contributors to the entire effort were Sir Robert Robinson with over 250 publications and Hermann Leuchs with another 125 papers in a time span of 40 years. Robinson was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1947 for his work on alkaloids, strychnine included. The process of chemical identification was completed with publications in 1946 by Robinson and later confirmed by Woodward in 1947. X-ray structures establishing the absolute configuration became available between 1947 and 1951 with publications from J. M. Bijvoet and J.H. Robertson .Woodward published a very brief account on the strychnine synthesis in 1954 (just 3 pages) and a lengthy one (42 pages) in 1963.Many more methods exist and reported by the research groups of Magnus, Overman, Kuehne, Rawal, Bosch, Vollhardt, Mori, Shibasaki, Li, Fukuyama Vanderwal and MacMillan. Synthetic (+)-strychnine is also known. Racemic synthesises were published by Padwa in 2007 and in 2010 by Andrade and by Reissig.In his 1963 publication Woodward quoted Sir Robert Robinson who said for its molecular size it is the most complex substance known.