UNIT - I THE SOLID STATE KEY CONCEPTS
... between r and R. 5. Non stoichiometric cuprous oxide can be prepared in the laboratory. In this oxide, copper to oxygen ratio is slightly less than 2:1 can you account for the fact that the substance is a p-type semiconductor? 6. The unit cell of an element of atomic mass 50 u has edge length 290pm. ...
... between r and R. 5. Non stoichiometric cuprous oxide can be prepared in the laboratory. In this oxide, copper to oxygen ratio is slightly less than 2:1 can you account for the fact that the substance is a p-type semiconductor? 6. The unit cell of an element of atomic mass 50 u has edge length 290pm. ...
Performance of Density Functional Theory and
... dissociation energy (BDE) of Ru−CO in Ru(CO)5 was selected as the reference value. To the best of our knowledge the BDE of the Ru−Ru bond is not available in the literature, with the exception of Ru2 (see ref 50, references therein). However, we replace the experimental value of BDE of Ru2 as the re ...
... dissociation energy (BDE) of Ru−CO in Ru(CO)5 was selected as the reference value. To the best of our knowledge the BDE of the Ru−Ru bond is not available in the literature, with the exception of Ru2 (see ref 50, references therein). However, we replace the experimental value of BDE of Ru2 as the re ...
Cyanide Geochemistry - University of Manitoba
... • The gold concentrate is then smelted and refined to gold bullion that typically contains about 70 - 90% gold. • The bullion is then further refined to either 99.99% or 99.999% fineness using chlorination, smelting and electro-refining. ...
... • The gold concentrate is then smelted and refined to gold bullion that typically contains about 70 - 90% gold. • The bullion is then further refined to either 99.99% or 99.999% fineness using chlorination, smelting and electro-refining. ...
Stoichiometry File
... don’t appear among the products in our equation above, their presence implies that our simple model does not show the full picture. What additional factors could we consider to get a more complete description of engine chemistry? We know that gasoline itself contains a wide array of hydrocarbons. So ...
... don’t appear among the products in our equation above, their presence implies that our simple model does not show the full picture. What additional factors could we consider to get a more complete description of engine chemistry? We know that gasoline itself contains a wide array of hydrocarbons. So ...
Reactions of Carboxylic Acids
... Sodium stearate has a polar end (the carboxylate end) and a nonpolar "tail“. The polar end is hydrophilic ("water-loving”). The nonpolar tail is hydrophobic ("water-hating”). In water, many stearate ions cluster together to form spherical aggregates; carboxylate ions are on the outside and nonpolar ...
... Sodium stearate has a polar end (the carboxylate end) and a nonpolar "tail“. The polar end is hydrophilic ("water-loving”). The nonpolar tail is hydrophobic ("water-hating”). In water, many stearate ions cluster together to form spherical aggregates; carboxylate ions are on the outside and nonpolar ...
Lecture - Ch 17
... • Reaction can be carried out in a single step with the use of a strong acid as catalyst • Reactivity of carboxylic acid is increased by converting it into a carboxylic acid chloride, which then reacts with the alcohol ...
... • Reaction can be carried out in a single step with the use of a strong acid as catalyst • Reactivity of carboxylic acid is increased by converting it into a carboxylic acid chloride, which then reacts with the alcohol ...
Title Several Reactions of Isocyanide and Related Compounds
... that (i) copper compounds are excellent catalysts for the carbonylation of aliphatic amines to produce the corresponding formamides; (ii) the catalytic activities of copper compounds are enhanced by the addition of water; and (iii) chloroauric acid catalyzes the carbonylation of aromatic amine where ...
... that (i) copper compounds are excellent catalysts for the carbonylation of aliphatic amines to produce the corresponding formamides; (ii) the catalytic activities of copper compounds are enhanced by the addition of water; and (iii) chloroauric acid catalyzes the carbonylation of aromatic amine where ...
HOMOLOGATION OF HETEROCYCLES BY A SEQUENTIAL REDUCTIVE OPENING LITHIATION – S
... Functionalized organolithium compounds (91MI3, 95OPP383, 97MI4, 03T9255, 04CRV2667) are of great interest in organic synthesis because polyfunctionalized molecules are obtained in a single synthetic operation by reaction with electrophilic reagents.(95MI5, 02MI6) Functionalized organolithium compoun ...
... Functionalized organolithium compounds (91MI3, 95OPP383, 97MI4, 03T9255, 04CRV2667) are of great interest in organic synthesis because polyfunctionalized molecules are obtained in a single synthetic operation by reaction with electrophilic reagents.(95MI5, 02MI6) Functionalized organolithium compoun ...
ION - heckgrammar.co.uk
... feasibility and they could be slow e.g. iron rusting or extremely slow e.g diamond into graphite spontaneously thus means it will happen under a given set of conditions but not necessarily in an instant and it could be almost infinitely slow a small proportion of spontaneous reactions however are en ...
... feasibility and they could be slow e.g. iron rusting or extremely slow e.g diamond into graphite spontaneously thus means it will happen under a given set of conditions but not necessarily in an instant and it could be almost infinitely slow a small proportion of spontaneous reactions however are en ...
Ethers and Epoxides
... Oxygen is sp3-hybridized Oxygen atom gives ethers a slight dipole moment Diethyl ether prepared industrially by sulfuric acid– catalyzed dehydration of ethanol – also with other primary alcohols ...
... Oxygen is sp3-hybridized Oxygen atom gives ethers a slight dipole moment Diethyl ether prepared industrially by sulfuric acid– catalyzed dehydration of ethanol – also with other primary alcohols ...
Ethers and Epoxides
... Oxygen is sp3-hybridized Oxygen atom gives ethers a slight dipole moment Diethyl ether prepared industrially by sulfuric acid– catalyzed dehydration of ethanol – also with other primary alcohols ...
... Oxygen is sp3-hybridized Oxygen atom gives ethers a slight dipole moment Diethyl ether prepared industrially by sulfuric acid– catalyzed dehydration of ethanol – also with other primary alcohols ...
The story of V
... do not have left reactive groups in the matrix: no reactive end groups (-OH, -COOH), no unreacted carboncarbon double bonds (= unsaturated, (vinyl group = ethenyl group = unsaturated end-group)). Vinyl-Ester (VE) systems, like most resin systems, shrink during the curing (polymerisation). The volume ...
... do not have left reactive groups in the matrix: no reactive end groups (-OH, -COOH), no unreacted carboncarbon double bonds (= unsaturated, (vinyl group = ethenyl group = unsaturated end-group)). Vinyl-Ester (VE) systems, like most resin systems, shrink during the curing (polymerisation). The volume ...
Adsorption of cesium, thallium, strontium and cobalt radionuclides
... adsorption process in solution because these processes play an important role in phenomena such as the environmental transport of heavy metals [10, 11], analytical separations [12] and preconcentration of metals present in trace amounts [13].With the increase in the number of nuclear power reactors, ...
... adsorption process in solution because these processes play an important role in phenomena such as the environmental transport of heavy metals [10, 11], analytical separations [12] and preconcentration of metals present in trace amounts [13].With the increase in the number of nuclear power reactors, ...
sec chemistry may 2011 marking scheme
... A compound that contains only carbon and hydrogen atoms. • Carbon can catenate / form chains of C atoms • An atom of carbon can form stable (or strong) covalent bonds with other carbon atoms. Gases (or fuel gas) (Do not accept LPG) Petrol (or gasoline) / naphtha Any two from: • different sized molec ...
... A compound that contains only carbon and hydrogen atoms. • Carbon can catenate / form chains of C atoms • An atom of carbon can form stable (or strong) covalent bonds with other carbon atoms. Gases (or fuel gas) (Do not accept LPG) Petrol (or gasoline) / naphtha Any two from: • different sized molec ...
15equil1pp
... An increase in temperature is used to speed up chemical reactions but it can have an undesired effect when the reaction is reversible and exothermic. In this case you get to the equilibrium position quicker but with a reduced yield because the increased temperature moves the equilibrium to the left. ...
... An increase in temperature is used to speed up chemical reactions but it can have an undesired effect when the reaction is reversible and exothermic. In this case you get to the equilibrium position quicker but with a reduced yield because the increased temperature moves the equilibrium to the left. ...
physicochemical properties of organic medicinal agents
... Like alkenes, alkynyl groups can facilitate nucleophilic substitution reactions at adjacent or "allylic" carbon atoms as discussed in more detail in the Resonance and Induction Tutorial and in the Alkene Tutorial. In such cases the allylic alkynyl group enhances the displacement reaction by resonanc ...
... Like alkenes, alkynyl groups can facilitate nucleophilic substitution reactions at adjacent or "allylic" carbon atoms as discussed in more detail in the Resonance and Induction Tutorial and in the Alkene Tutorial. In such cases the allylic alkynyl group enhances the displacement reaction by resonanc ...
4 Ligand Field Theory - U of L Class Index
... - CO is isoelectronic with N2 (C has one less electron than N, O has one more) – MO diagram is very similar to that of N2. - Diamagnetic, Bond order of 3 (C= O) - Important: HOMO = σ2p (weakly antibonding), LUMO = π*2p (strongly antibonding) - Since O is far more electronegative than C, would expect ...
... - CO is isoelectronic with N2 (C has one less electron than N, O has one more) – MO diagram is very similar to that of N2. - Diamagnetic, Bond order of 3 (C= O) - Important: HOMO = σ2p (weakly antibonding), LUMO = π*2p (strongly antibonding) - Since O is far more electronegative than C, would expect ...
273 - Wayne State Chemistry
... Bridging of monoanionic hydrocarbon groups between two metal centers is well established for the lighter main group elements, and is particularly broadly appreciated for aluminum.1-4 Major classes of bridging hydrocarbon ligands in aluminum complexes include alkane,1 aryl,2 and acetylide and vinyl g ...
... Bridging of monoanionic hydrocarbon groups between two metal centers is well established for the lighter main group elements, and is particularly broadly appreciated for aluminum.1-4 Major classes of bridging hydrocarbon ligands in aluminum complexes include alkane,1 aryl,2 and acetylide and vinyl g ...
No Slide Title
... 5. The alkoxyaluminum salt in THF created by mixing LiAlH4 with benzoic acid was next added dropwise at room temperature via a separatory funnel 6. The reaction mixture was stirred for 12 hours at room temperature, diluted with diethyl ether, and filtered and washed to remove the supernatant liquid. ...
... 5. The alkoxyaluminum salt in THF created by mixing LiAlH4 with benzoic acid was next added dropwise at room temperature via a separatory funnel 6. The reaction mixture was stirred for 12 hours at room temperature, diluted with diethyl ether, and filtered and washed to remove the supernatant liquid. ...
NITRO COMPOUNDS
... the nitration of arenes involves the initial formation of electrophilic reagent while the nitration of alkanes is supposed to involve the initial formation of free radical . The formation of free radical takes through homolysis requires stronger condition than the formation of electrophile that take ...
... the nitration of arenes involves the initial formation of electrophilic reagent while the nitration of alkanes is supposed to involve the initial formation of free radical . The formation of free radical takes through homolysis requires stronger condition than the formation of electrophile that take ...
Hydroformylation
Hydroformylation, also known as oxo synthesis or oxo process, is an important homogeneously catalyzed industrial process for the production of aldehydes from alkenes. This chemical reaction entails the addition of a formyl group (CHO) and a hydrogen atom to a carbon-carbon double bond. This process has undergone continuous growth since its invention in 1938: Production capacity reached 6.6×106 tons in 1995. It is important because the resulting aldehydes are easily converted into many secondary products. For example, the resulting aldehydes are hydrogenated to alcohols that are converted to plasticizers or detergents. Hydroformylation is also used in specialty chemicals, relevant to the organic synthesis of fragrances and natural products. The development of hydroformylation, which originated within the German coal-based industry, is considered one of the premier achievements of 20th-century industrial chemistry.The process typically entails treatment of an alkene with high pressures (between 10 to 100 atmospheres) of carbon monoxide and hydrogen at temperatures between 40 and 200 °C. Transition metal catalysts are required.