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university of london thesis
university of london thesis

... Thus, the primary aim o f this study was to try to “ tame” the carbocations involved in the SnI opening o f epoxides and thereby predict the outcome o f this type o f reaction. A few essential guidelines can already be drawn from previous studies on the subject, the main one being that the regiosele ...
Document
Document

... used.for eg. [Co(NH2CH2CH2NH2)3]2(SO4)3 is named as : Tris(ethane-1,2-diammine)cobalt(III)sulphate ...
Features of the electronic structure of ruthenium tetracarboxylates
Features of the electronic structure of ruthenium tetracarboxylates

... orbitals of Ru2(P-O2CH)4(NO)2 (a) and Ru2(P-O2CH)4(ɇ2O)2 (b) complexes. The natural bond orbital allows us to understand the above differences. For each Ru2(P-O2CR)4 and Ru2(PO2CR)4(L)2 (R = H, CH3, CF3; L = H2O, THF) compound four bonding singly populated NBO are obtained. These orbitals describe t ...
Cahn-Ingold-Prelog Notation Tutorial
Cahn-Ingold-Prelog Notation Tutorial

Synthesis, Properties and Chemistry of Xenon(II) Fluoride
Synthesis, Properties and Chemistry of Xenon(II) Fluoride

... been written on this subject, e.g. books and review papers2-8, if we mention just a few. The recent review paper clearly shows that the interest in this fascinating subject has not diminished; on the contrary, we can even talk about the renaissance of the noble gas chemistry.9 Xenon(II) fluoride is ...
Ch 10 Practice Problems 1. Consider the process A(l) A(s). Which
Ch 10 Practice Problems 1. Consider the process A(l) A(s). Which

... C) greater than zero. D) More information is needed. q is A) less than zero. B) equal to zero. C) greater than zero. D) More information is needed. H is A) less than zero. B) equal to zero. C) greater than zero. D) More information is needed. E is A) less than zero. B) equal to zero. C) greater th ...
Biocatalytic reductions: From lab curiosity to “first choice”
Biocatalytic reductions: From lab curiosity to “first choice”

Organic Reactions in Organised Media
Organic Reactions in Organised Media

... containing the nonpolar reactant, the reaction may occur at the oil-water interface, i.e. the pore openings. The approach offers possibilities for reuse of the material since the particles can easily be removed from the reaction mixture by filtration or by centrifugation. Another potential use of me ...
IR Spectroscopy and Mass Spectroscopy
IR Spectroscopy and Mass Spectroscopy

... ¾ The C=O stretching vibrations of simple ketones, aldehydes, and carboxylic acids occur at frequencies around 1710 cm-1. ...
PDF - Nanyang Technological University
PDF - Nanyang Technological University

... products with improved d.r. (syn/anti = 23:77), but with moderate ee values (Table 1, entry 7). Fortunately, with Et2O as the solvent, the reaction proceeded smoothly and gave 4 a with high enantioselectivity (97 %/94 % ee), moderate yield (56 %), but with poor diastereoselectivity (1:1, Table 1, en ...
(Chapter 9)(Coordination compounds)
(Chapter 9)(Coordination compounds)

Organometallic Methods for Forming and Cleaving Carbon
Organometallic Methods for Forming and Cleaving Carbon

Reaction Mechanisms of Metalloenzymes and Synthetic Model Complexes Activating Dioxygen
Reaction Mechanisms of Metalloenzymes and Synthetic Model Complexes Activating Dioxygen

... Particularly interesting are the metal containing enzymes, also known as metalloproteins. They contain a metal ion cofactor, usually coordinated by nitrogen, oxygen or sulfur atoms from the polypeptide’s amino acids. The metal ion can be also coordinated by macrocyclic ligands incorporated in the pr ...
Neuman Chapter - Department of Chemistry
Neuman Chapter - Department of Chemistry

... The leaving group L (Figure 9.02) is a halogen X. Because we refer to the C-X carbon as Cα, and its adjacent C-H carbon as Cβ, we say that the H on Cβ is a β-hydrogen or a β-H. The elimination reactions of haloalkanes illustrate the fundamental features and mechanisms of many elimination reactions t ...
Difference in the Reactivities of H- and Me-Substituted Dinucleating
Difference in the Reactivities of H- and Me-Substituted Dinucleating

... ABSTRACT: The reactivity of dinucleating bis(iminopyridine) ligands bearing H (L1, (N,N′)-1,1′-(1,4phenylene)bis(N-(pyridin-2-ylmethylene)methanamine)) or Me substituents (L2, (N,N′)-1,1′-(1,4-phenylene)bis(N-(1(pyridin-2-yl)ethylidene)methanamine)) on the imine carbon atom with Ni(COD)2 (COD = 1,5- ...
Recent Advances in the Measurement of Enantiomeric Excesses
Recent Advances in the Measurement of Enantiomeric Excesses

... the Promotion of Science (JSPS). Since September 2001, he has been working with Prof. H. B. Kagan at Universite¬ Paris-Sud, Orsay as a post-doctoral fellow. He is currently involved in the study of non-linear effects and the development of new catalysts. ...
contact - DTU Kemi
contact - DTU Kemi

Aromatic Substitution Reactions
Aromatic Substitution Reactions

... ophile, in a fashion very similar to the addition reactions described in Chapter 11, which begin by reaction of an electrophile with the pi electrons of an alkene. This results in the formation of a carbocation called an arenium ion. Removal of a proton from the arenium ion by some weak base that is ...
ppt
ppt

... can attack from below, or above, the aldehyde. A mixture of the two enantiomers is formed. ...
File
File

... A sugar in which an amino group replaces a nonanomeric OH group. e.g. D-glucosamine. •D-glucosamine can be obtained by hydrolysis of chitin, a polysaccharide found in the shells of lobsters and crabs and in the external skeletons of insects and spiders. Glucosamine (C6H13NO5) is an amino sugar and ...
Coordination Chemistry II: Bonding
Coordination Chemistry II: Bonding

... – c is the Coulombic energy of repulsion (always positive when pairing) and e is the quantum mechanical exchange energy (always negative). • e relates to the number of exchangeable pairs in a particular electron configuration. This term is negative and depends on the number of possible states. De ...
Chemistry 3211 – Coordination Chemistry II
Chemistry 3211 – Coordination Chemistry II

... populate the highest energy orbital. This results in a lowering of the overall ligand field stabilization energy for the complex. The distortion to give a square planar complex, where two of the ligands are removed entirely, is an extreme case of tetragonal distortion, but should not be confused wit ...
Problem 1 - eko.olunet.org
Problem 1 - eko.olunet.org

Structure and binding of Mg(II) ions and di-metal bridge
Structure and binding of Mg(II) ions and di-metal bridge

... OH is slightly tighter than that of H2O by around 0.175–0.200 Å, especially in the case of a single coordinating hydroxide ion. Biological ligand coordination to hydrated Mg(II) Significant variations are seen in the coordination distances of biological ligands bound with Mg2+ (Table S1). Water lig ...
Carbohydrate-Metal Complexes : Structural Chemistry of Stable
Carbohydrate-Metal Complexes : Structural Chemistry of Stable

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Hydroformylation



Hydroformylation, also known as oxo synthesis or oxo process, is an important homogeneously catalyzed industrial process for the production of aldehydes from alkenes. This chemical reaction entails the addition of a formyl group (CHO) and a hydrogen atom to a carbon-carbon double bond. This process has undergone continuous growth since its invention in 1938: Production capacity reached 6.6×106 tons in 1995. It is important because the resulting aldehydes are easily converted into many secondary products. For example, the resulting aldehydes are hydrogenated to alcohols that are converted to plasticizers or detergents. Hydroformylation is also used in specialty chemicals, relevant to the organic synthesis of fragrances and natural products. The development of hydroformylation, which originated within the German coal-based industry, is considered one of the premier achievements of 20th-century industrial chemistry.The process typically entails treatment of an alkene with high pressures (between 10 to 100 atmospheres) of carbon monoxide and hydrogen at temperatures between 40 and 200 °C. Transition metal catalysts are required.
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