Information leaflet for contacts of people with Tuberculosis
... Information leaflet for contacts of people with Tuberculosis (TB) What is tuberculosis? Tuberculosis (TB) is a disease caused by a germ called Mycobacterium tuberculosis. TB usually affects the lungs but can affect other parts of the body. What are the symptoms of active TB disease? TB disease devel ...
... Information leaflet for contacts of people with Tuberculosis (TB) What is tuberculosis? Tuberculosis (TB) is a disease caused by a germ called Mycobacterium tuberculosis. TB usually affects the lungs but can affect other parts of the body. What are the symptoms of active TB disease? TB disease devel ...
Infections in the Elderly Jérôme Fennell, MB, MSc, PhD, FRCPath
... Influenza • Treatment: Neuraminidase inhibitors such as oseltamivir (PO) and Zanamivir (IV) given early in severe or at risk cases • Often followed by secondary bacterial pneumonia e.g. S pneumoniae, S aureus • Vaccine less effective in elderly • Adults over 50 should have annual vaccination • Thos ...
... Influenza • Treatment: Neuraminidase inhibitors such as oseltamivir (PO) and Zanamivir (IV) given early in severe or at risk cases • Often followed by secondary bacterial pneumonia e.g. S pneumoniae, S aureus • Vaccine less effective in elderly • Adults over 50 should have annual vaccination • Thos ...
Tuberculosis/HIV Checklist
... initiated on TB treatment as soon as possible Women and children identified with TB disease are encouraged to bring other household members to the clinic for TB screening and evaluation Infants born to mothers with known TB disease (or with other known household TB contact) are fully evaluated for T ...
... initiated on TB treatment as soon as possible Women and children identified with TB disease are encouraged to bring other household members to the clinic for TB screening and evaluation Infants born to mothers with known TB disease (or with other known household TB contact) are fully evaluated for T ...
7 Ascherio A. Epstein-Barr virus in the development of
... Laboratory, Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Belfast, UK; personal communication). Regarding the possible contamination of sputum samples with EBV DNA present in saliva, we have found that there is good correlation between EBV in lower and upper respiratory tract specimens, which is not consist ...
... Laboratory, Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Belfast, UK; personal communication). Regarding the possible contamination of sputum samples with EBV DNA present in saliva, we have found that there is good correlation between EBV in lower and upper respiratory tract specimens, which is not consist ...
toxoplasmosis new
... • Ranges from asymptomatic infection to fatal illness (rare) • More severe infection tends to occur in immunnocompromised, elderly, and the very young. • The extreme end of the spectrum is often described as a malaria-like infection; symptoms may include Fever, sweating, chills, headache, anemia, ja ...
... • Ranges from asymptomatic infection to fatal illness (rare) • More severe infection tends to occur in immunnocompromised, elderly, and the very young. • The extreme end of the spectrum is often described as a malaria-like infection; symptoms may include Fever, sweating, chills, headache, anemia, ja ...
chapter24a
... Pathogenesis Usually contracted by inhalation of airborne organisms Bacteria are taken up by pulmonary macrophages in the lungs Resists destruction within phagocyte Organism prevents the fusion of phagosome with lysosomes; allows multiplication in protected vacuole ...
... Pathogenesis Usually contracted by inhalation of airborne organisms Bacteria are taken up by pulmonary macrophages in the lungs Resists destruction within phagocyte Organism prevents the fusion of phagosome with lysosomes; allows multiplication in protected vacuole ...
T L TB I ESTING AND
... a much higher risk.2- 4 Other groups are also at high risk for developing active TB disease, including those who have recently been infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis.5 ...
... a much higher risk.2- 4 Other groups are also at high risk for developing active TB disease, including those who have recently been infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis.5 ...
Preliminary Estimation of Risk Factors That Associated With
... or sneezing). Tuberculosis (TB) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections are the deadliest chronic infections globally [8]. Although each is deadly alone, they are deadlier together, with TB causing one-quarter of AIDS-related deaths and HIV infecting at least 15% of patients with TB worldw ...
... or sneezing). Tuberculosis (TB) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections are the deadliest chronic infections globally [8]. Although each is deadly alone, they are deadlier together, with TB causing one-quarter of AIDS-related deaths and HIV infecting at least 15% of patients with TB worldw ...
ppt
... Cholera: An infectious disease characterized by intense vomiting and profuse watery diarrhea and that rapidly leads to dehydration and often death. Cholera is caused by infection with the bacteria Vibrio cholerae, which may be transmitted via infected fecal ...
... Cholera: An infectious disease characterized by intense vomiting and profuse watery diarrhea and that rapidly leads to dehydration and often death. Cholera is caused by infection with the bacteria Vibrio cholerae, which may be transmitted via infected fecal ...
Community-acquired acute pneumonia
... -Caused by Gram’s positive aerobic spore-forming bacilli. -Transmission: inhalation of spores. -Not a true pneumonia. -Alveolar macrophage transfer the spore to mediastinal and peribronchial lymph nodes. ...
... -Caused by Gram’s positive aerobic spore-forming bacilli. -Transmission: inhalation of spores. -Not a true pneumonia. -Alveolar macrophage transfer the spore to mediastinal and peribronchial lymph nodes. ...
viral superhighway
... harming the other Chicken pox and measles,once fatal afflictions, now exist in more benign forms. Logic wotrld suggest, after all, that the best interests of an orgarism are not served if it kills its hos! doing so would be like picking a fight with the person who signsyour paycheck. But recentlyit ...
... harming the other Chicken pox and measles,once fatal afflictions, now exist in more benign forms. Logic wotrld suggest, after all, that the best interests of an orgarism are not served if it kills its hos! doing so would be like picking a fight with the person who signsyour paycheck. But recentlyit ...
Chapter 21: Infectious Diseases Affecting the Respiratory System
... d) These surround the bacteria essentially “walling off” the bacteria and containing it within a i) Enlarged structure composed of bacteria surrounded by macrophage and lymphocytes e) The bacteria can survive in the tubercle for many years 3) Most individuals recover completely from this infection B ...
... d) These surround the bacteria essentially “walling off” the bacteria and containing it within a i) Enlarged structure composed of bacteria surrounded by macrophage and lymphocytes e) The bacteria can survive in the tubercle for many years 3) Most individuals recover completely from this infection B ...
Vaccine-Preventable Diseases
... Hepatitis B is a viral infection of the liver. The virus is transmitted through contact with blood or blood fluids. Hepatitis B causes nausea and vomiting, decreased appetite, jaundice and muscle pain. ...
... Hepatitis B is a viral infection of the liver. The virus is transmitted through contact with blood or blood fluids. Hepatitis B causes nausea and vomiting, decreased appetite, jaundice and muscle pain. ...
Disease table 2
... or sneezes. People nearby may breathe in these bacteria and become infected. The bacteria can settle in the lungs and begin to grow. From there, they can move through the blood or lymphatic system to other parts of the body such as the kidney, spine and brain. However, only about 10% of people infec ...
... or sneezes. People nearby may breathe in these bacteria and become infected. The bacteria can settle in the lungs and begin to grow. From there, they can move through the blood or lymphatic system to other parts of the body such as the kidney, spine and brain. However, only about 10% of people infec ...
Types of Pathogens
... For patients who are infected or colonized by a pathogen that spreads by direct contact Ex: antibiotic resistant bacteria, RSV, Hepatitis A PPE: gloves, gown when entering; remove before leaving ...
... For patients who are infected or colonized by a pathogen that spreads by direct contact Ex: antibiotic resistant bacteria, RSV, Hepatitis A PPE: gloves, gown when entering; remove before leaving ...
Excerpts from Michigan Occupational Health Program
... 6. Employees in facilities where a person would pose a hazard to large numbers of susceptible persons; and 7. Persons residing or working with consumers in a geographic region with a high prevalence of TB cases, as identified by the MDCH. C. A reaction > 15 mm is classified as positive in all other ...
... 6. Employees in facilities where a person would pose a hazard to large numbers of susceptible persons; and 7. Persons residing or working with consumers in a geographic region with a high prevalence of TB cases, as identified by the MDCH. C. A reaction > 15 mm is classified as positive in all other ...
Host-Microbe Relationships
... Classification of Infectious Diseases Nosocomial Infectious Disease – Infection acquired as a result of a hospital stay Main chain of infection is via hospital personnel 5-15 % of all patients acquire 20,000 deaths per year ...
... Classification of Infectious Diseases Nosocomial Infectious Disease – Infection acquired as a result of a hospital stay Main chain of infection is via hospital personnel 5-15 % of all patients acquire 20,000 deaths per year ...
Disease Eradication Programs
... Cattle are infected through the mouth, the bacteria is located in the udder and reproductive system of the cow. When an infected cow gives birth or suffers and abortion millions of bacteria are released. During hot weather the sun will kill brucella abortus bacteria but in cold periods the bacte ...
... Cattle are infected through the mouth, the bacteria is located in the udder and reproductive system of the cow. When an infected cow gives birth or suffers and abortion millions of bacteria are released. During hot weather the sun will kill brucella abortus bacteria but in cold periods the bacte ...
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Robert_Koch[1]final[1].
... In India, Koch was able to find a pure Culture of Cholera Made the conclusion that cholera is not susceptible to animals Proved the miasma theory false His work proved that cholera was a human borne disease He returned to Berlin in 1884 with all of his findings on Cholera His work allowed him to for ...
... In India, Koch was able to find a pure Culture of Cholera Made the conclusion that cholera is not susceptible to animals Proved the miasma theory false His work proved that cholera was a human borne disease He returned to Berlin in 1884 with all of his findings on Cholera His work allowed him to for ...
PANTON VALENTINE LEUKOCIDIN STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS
... What are the symptoms of PVL-SA? PVL-SA infection mainly occurs in young, healthy individuals. If PVL-SA enters the body through a graze or wound it can attack the skin and may rarely enter the blood stream, causing more serious problems. The symptoms include recurrent and painful boils/red areas o ...
... What are the symptoms of PVL-SA? PVL-SA infection mainly occurs in young, healthy individuals. If PVL-SA enters the body through a graze or wound it can attack the skin and may rarely enter the blood stream, causing more serious problems. The symptoms include recurrent and painful boils/red areas o ...
Tuberculosis
Tuberculosis, MTB, or TB (short for tubercle bacillus), in the past also called phthisis, phthisis pulmonalis, or consumption, is a widespread, infectious disease caused by various strains of mycobacteria, usually Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Tuberculosis typically attacks the lungs, but can also affect other parts of the body. It is spread through the air when people who have an active TB infection cough, sneeze, or otherwise transmit respiratory fluids through the air. Most infections do not have symptoms, known as latent tuberculosis. About one in ten latent infections eventually progresses to active disease which, if left untreated, kills more than 50% of those so infected.The classic symptoms of active TB infection are a chronic cough with blood-tinged sputum, fever, night sweats, and weight loss (the last of these giving rise to the formerly common term for the disease, ""consumption""). Infection of other organs causes a wide range of symptoms. Diagnosis of active TB relies on radiology (commonly chest X-rays), as well as microscopic examination and microbiological culture of body fluids. Diagnosis of latent TB relies on the tuberculin skin test (TST) and/or blood tests. Treatment is difficult and requires administration of multiple antibiotics over a long period of time. Household, workplace and social contacts are also screened and treated if necessary. Antibiotic resistance is a growing problem in multiple drug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) infections. Prevention relies on early detection and treatment of cases and on screening programs and vaccination with the bacillus Calmette-Guérin vaccine.One-third of the world's population is thought to have been infected with M. tuberculosis, and new infections occur in about 1% of the population each year. In 2007, an estimated 13.7 million chronic cases were active globally, while in 2013, an estimated 9 million new cases occurred. In 2013 there were between 1.3 and 1.5 million associated deaths, most of which occurred in developing countries. The total number of tuberculosis cases has been decreasing since 2006, and new cases have decreased since 2002. The rate of tuberculosis in different areas varies across the globe; about 80% of the population in many Asian and African countries tests positive in tuberculin tests, while only 5–10% of the United States population tests positive. More people in the developing world contract tuberculosis because of a poor immune system, largely due to high rates of HIV infection and the corresponding development of AIDS.