protect - CMV Australia
... If a pregnant woman is infected with CMV, there is a risk her unborn baby will also become infected (congenital CMV). The highest risk to the unborn baby occurs when a woman is infected with the virus for the first time (primary CMV), during the first half of pregnancy. If this happens, there is a 1 ...
... If a pregnant woman is infected with CMV, there is a risk her unborn baby will also become infected (congenital CMV). The highest risk to the unborn baby occurs when a woman is infected with the virus for the first time (primary CMV), during the first half of pregnancy. If this happens, there is a 1 ...
2. - Environmental Public Health Today
... • Influenza is a respiratory virus that spreads through respiratory droplets in the air from coughing, sneezing, or talking by infected persons. • The viruses attach to cells in the respiratory tract and rapidly multiply and spread throughout the respiratory tract. • Symptoms include fever, myalgias ...
... • Influenza is a respiratory virus that spreads through respiratory droplets in the air from coughing, sneezing, or talking by infected persons. • The viruses attach to cells in the respiratory tract and rapidly multiply and spread throughout the respiratory tract. • Symptoms include fever, myalgias ...
What is mumps? What are the usual symptoms of mumps? What are
... Chewing and swallowing may be sore. Fever (high temperature), headache, feeling tired and being off food may develop for a few days. Mild abdominal (tummy) pain may occur. ...
... Chewing and swallowing may be sore. Fever (high temperature), headache, feeling tired and being off food may develop for a few days. Mild abdominal (tummy) pain may occur. ...
University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover - Ti
... encountered heavy economic losses associated with very virulent (vv) IBDV strains during the last several years. These strains may cause high mortality in affected chicken flocks and severe immunosuppression that involves both innate and adaptive immune responses. During recent years, significant pr ...
... encountered heavy economic losses associated with very virulent (vv) IBDV strains during the last several years. These strains may cause high mortality in affected chicken flocks and severe immunosuppression that involves both innate and adaptive immune responses. During recent years, significant pr ...
HCV post-exposure prophylaxis in the healthcare worker: Why DAAs
... through the liver within hours of reaching the blood. There they attach to and enter susceptible hepatocytes through a series of at least 5 distinct molecular encounters.(55) Within the cell the positive strand is released, associated with a ribosome, and a single ...
... through the liver within hours of reaching the blood. There they attach to and enter susceptible hepatocytes through a series of at least 5 distinct molecular encounters.(55) Within the cell the positive strand is released, associated with a ribosome, and a single ...
norovirus - California Association for Medical Laboratory Technology
... 1968. Clinical samples that originated from this epidemic were eventually demonstrated to contain virus-like particles (the Norwalk agent). In the 1990s the genome of Norwalk agent was sequenced and the agent assigned to a new genus, Norovirus, in the Caliciviridae family. Noroviruses are small, ico ...
... 1968. Clinical samples that originated from this epidemic were eventually demonstrated to contain virus-like particles (the Norwalk agent). In the 1990s the genome of Norwalk agent was sequenced and the agent assigned to a new genus, Norovirus, in the Caliciviridae family. Noroviruses are small, ico ...
Biological Casualties - Arkansas Hospital Association
... Viruses - General Characteristics • May cause disease through direct cytopathic effect, immune complex deposition and other effects • May result in end-organ system failure, vascular damage • Few antiviral medications available ...
... Viruses - General Characteristics • May cause disease through direct cytopathic effect, immune complex deposition and other effects • May result in end-organ system failure, vascular damage • Few antiviral medications available ...
Bluetongue: a review
... ruminants (Zientara et al., 2010). The worldwide economic losses due to bluetongue have not been expressed in exact numbers, but the estimate is 3 billion US$ a year (Tabachnick, 1996). The losses are both direct (death, abortions, weight loss or reduced milk yield and meat efficiency) and, what is ...
... ruminants (Zientara et al., 2010). The worldwide economic losses due to bluetongue have not been expressed in exact numbers, but the estimate is 3 billion US$ a year (Tabachnick, 1996). The losses are both direct (death, abortions, weight loss or reduced milk yield and meat efficiency) and, what is ...
1 U.S. Quart - Kelly Registration Systems
... This product is a one-step germicidal disinfectant cleaner and odor neutralizer designed for general cleaning, and disinfecting, of hard, non-porous environmental surfaces. PREempt RTU cleans by removing dirt, grime, food residue, dead skin, blood and other organic matter commonly found on medical s ...
... This product is a one-step germicidal disinfectant cleaner and odor neutralizer designed for general cleaning, and disinfecting, of hard, non-porous environmental surfaces. PREempt RTU cleans by removing dirt, grime, food residue, dead skin, blood and other organic matter commonly found on medical s ...
Post-translational regulation and modifications of flavivirus structural
... Flaviviruses are a group of single-stranded, positive-sense RNA viruses that generally circulate between arthropod vectors and susceptible vertebrate hosts, producing significant human and veterinary disease burdens. Intensive research efforts have broadened our scientific understanding of the repli ...
... Flaviviruses are a group of single-stranded, positive-sense RNA viruses that generally circulate between arthropod vectors and susceptible vertebrate hosts, producing significant human and veterinary disease burdens. Intensive research efforts have broadened our scientific understanding of the repli ...
Leishmania RNA virus: when the host pays the toll - Serval
... The presence of an RNA virus in a South American subgenus of the Leishmania parasite, L. (Viannia), was detected several decades ago but its role in leishmanial virulence and metastasis was only recently described. In Leishmania guyanensis, the nucleic acid of Leishmania RNA virus (LRV1) acts as a p ...
... The presence of an RNA virus in a South American subgenus of the Leishmania parasite, L. (Viannia), was detected several decades ago but its role in leishmanial virulence and metastasis was only recently described. In Leishmania guyanensis, the nucleic acid of Leishmania RNA virus (LRV1) acts as a p ...
Epidemiology of Outbreaks in Ireland, 2007
... specific point source of contamination was identified. Non-IID Outbreaks: Twenty-two outbreaks of non-IID/gastroenteric diseases were notified in 2007. Table 3 outlines the responsible pathogens and numbers ill. Tuberculosis was the most common cause of non-IID outbreaks notified. An outbreak notifi ...
... specific point source of contamination was identified. Non-IID Outbreaks: Twenty-two outbreaks of non-IID/gastroenteric diseases were notified in 2007. Table 3 outlines the responsible pathogens and numbers ill. Tuberculosis was the most common cause of non-IID outbreaks notified. An outbreak notifi ...
recurrent outbreaks of measles, chickenpox and
... calendar month the 30 or 35 monthly contact rates are averaged to obtain a mean monthly contact rate for that month. The year-to-year variation in the contact rate for any month is small relative to the seasonal variation: for the three diseases the mean monthly contact rates are 1.7 to 2 times high ...
... calendar month the 30 or 35 monthly contact rates are averaged to obtain a mean monthly contact rate for that month. The year-to-year variation in the contact rate for any month is small relative to the seasonal variation: for the three diseases the mean monthly contact rates are 1.7 to 2 times high ...
Mumps FAQs
... Q: What is the current mumps situation in Ireland? A: Since early November 2004 there has been an increase in mumps cases among teenagers and young adults. This is more than double the number reported for the first 10 months of 2004. The cases appear to be occurring mainly in individuals who were ne ...
... Q: What is the current mumps situation in Ireland? A: Since early November 2004 there has been an increase in mumps cases among teenagers and young adults. This is more than double the number reported for the first 10 months of 2004. The cases appear to be occurring mainly in individuals who were ne ...
Dengue
... Dengue hemorrhagic fever is also on the rise. Persons who have been infected with one or more forms of dengue virus are at greater risk for the more severe disease. With the increase in all types of virus, the occurrence of dengue hemorrhagic fever becomes more likely. ...
... Dengue hemorrhagic fever is also on the rise. Persons who have been infected with one or more forms of dengue virus are at greater risk for the more severe disease. With the increase in all types of virus, the occurrence of dengue hemorrhagic fever becomes more likely. ...
Meningitis and the effects on Educational settings
... enteroviruses and has a higher likelihood of seeing cases of this type of meningitis pop up. “Enteroviruses usually enter the human most by the fecal-oral route or on rare occasions it can follow the respiratory route” (Wan & Roos, 2013). Most of the known cases are normally mild and most patients m ...
... enteroviruses and has a higher likelihood of seeing cases of this type of meningitis pop up. “Enteroviruses usually enter the human most by the fecal-oral route or on rare occasions it can follow the respiratory route” (Wan & Roos, 2013). Most of the known cases are normally mild and most patients m ...
DISEASE INFORMATION FACT SHEET Feline infectious peritonitis
... Feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) is an immune-mediated disease triggered by infection with a feline coronavirus (FCoV). FCoV is found very commonly in cats; it is transmitted via the oral–fecal route between felids, but is not infectious to other species (including humans). Coronavirus-specific a ...
... Feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) is an immune-mediated disease triggered by infection with a feline coronavirus (FCoV). FCoV is found very commonly in cats; it is transmitted via the oral–fecal route between felids, but is not infectious to other species (including humans). Coronavirus-specific a ...
Comparative Studies on Retroviral Proteases: Substrate Specificity
... S3-S3’ region is generally hydrophobic, although the naturally occurring cleavage sites contain at least two polar (or even charged) residues at some of these positions (Figure 2). It should be taken into account, that these regions are expected to be linker sequences between protein domains of Gag( ...
... S3-S3’ region is generally hydrophobic, although the naturally occurring cleavage sites contain at least two polar (or even charged) residues at some of these positions (Figure 2). It should be taken into account, that these regions are expected to be linker sequences between protein domains of Gag( ...
Equine Exotic Diseases
... Distribution of feral donkeys and horses in Australia....................... 18 Spread of equine influenza in South Africa during the 1986 outbreak. .......................................................................... 20 Confirmation of a diagnosis of equine influenza requires collection of a ...
... Distribution of feral donkeys and horses in Australia....................... 18 Spread of equine influenza in South Africa during the 1986 outbreak. .......................................................................... 20 Confirmation of a diagnosis of equine influenza requires collection of a ...
Diagnosis of genital herpes simplex virus infection in the clinical laboratory
... HSV-1 and HSV-2 are ubiquitous, affecting both urban and remote populations worldwide [6]. HSV-1 seroprevalence reaches 50 to 70% in developed countries and 100% in developing countries and HSV-2 seroprevalence varies from 10 to 40% and may reach 60–95% in HIV-infected individuals and female sex wor ...
... HSV-1 and HSV-2 are ubiquitous, affecting both urban and remote populations worldwide [6]. HSV-1 seroprevalence reaches 50 to 70% in developed countries and 100% in developing countries and HSV-2 seroprevalence varies from 10 to 40% and may reach 60–95% in HIV-infected individuals and female sex wor ...
Swine Influenza A (H1N1 Virus): A Pandemic Disease
... pigs until 1998. The H3N2 viruses initially were introduced to the pig population by humans. The current swine flu H3N2 viruses are closely related to human H3N2 viruses. Swine flu outbreaks in pigs occur regularly, causing high levels of illness and low death rates. Swine influenza viruses may circ ...
... pigs until 1998. The H3N2 viruses initially were introduced to the pig population by humans. The current swine flu H3N2 viruses are closely related to human H3N2 viruses. Swine flu outbreaks in pigs occur regularly, causing high levels of illness and low death rates. Swine influenza viruses may circ ...
Recommended composition of influenza virus vaccines for use in
... characteristics of A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses were assessed with panels of post-infection ferret antisera and human paediatric, adult and older adult pre- and post-vaccination sera in haemagglutination inhibition (HI) assays. HI assays with ferret antisera indicated that almost all recent A(H1N1)pdm09 vir ...
... characteristics of A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses were assessed with panels of post-infection ferret antisera and human paediatric, adult and older adult pre- and post-vaccination sera in haemagglutination inhibition (HI) assays. HI assays with ferret antisera indicated that almost all recent A(H1N1)pdm09 vir ...
Dengue hemorrhagic fever with special emphasis on
... a key role in protective immunity against dengue viruses. Thus, the E protein plays the most important role in induction of protective immunity. The role of cellular immunity in the protection against dengue viruses has been analyzed, but has not been completely understood yet. ...
... a key role in protective immunity against dengue viruses. Thus, the E protein plays the most important role in induction of protective immunity. The role of cellular immunity in the protection against dengue viruses has been analyzed, but has not been completely understood yet. ...
Ebola virus disease
Ebola virus disease (EVD; also Ebola hemorrhagic fever, or EHF), or simply Ebola, is a disease of humans and other primates caused by ebolaviruses. Signs and symptoms typically start between two days and three weeks after contracting the virus with a fever, sore throat, muscular pain, and headaches. Then, vomiting, diarrhea and rash usually follow, along with decreased function of the liver and kidneys. At this time some people begin to bleed both internally and externally. The disease has a high risk of death, killing between 25 and 90 percent of those infected, with an average of about 50 percent. This is often due to low blood pressure from fluid loss, and typically follows six to sixteen days after symptoms appear.The virus spreads by direct contact with body fluids, such as blood, of an infected human or other animals. This may also occur through contact with an item recently contaminated with bodily fluids. Spread of the disease through the air between primates, including humans, has not been documented in either laboratory or natural conditions. Semen or breast milk of a person after recovery from EVD may still carry the virus for several weeks to months. Fruit bats are believed to be the normal carrier in nature, able to spread the virus without being affected by it. Other diseases such as malaria, cholera, typhoid fever, meningitis and other viral hemorrhagic fevers may resemble EVD. Blood samples are tested for viral RNA, viral antibodies or for the virus itself to confirm the diagnosis.Control of outbreaks requires coordinated medical services, alongside a certain level of community engagement. The medical services include rapid detection of cases of disease, contact tracing of those who have come into contact with infected individuals, quick access to laboratory services, proper healthcare for those who are infected, and proper disposal of the dead through cremation or burial. Samples of body fluids and tissues from people with the disease should be handled with special caution. Prevention includes limiting the spread of disease from infected animals to humans. This may be done by handling potentially infected bush meat only while wearing protective clothing and by thoroughly cooking it before eating it. It also includes wearing proper protective clothing and washing hands when around a person with the disease. No specific treatment or vaccine for the virus is available, although a number of potential treatments are being studied. Supportive efforts, however, improve outcomes. This includes either oral rehydration therapy (drinking slightly sweetened and salty water) or giving intravenous fluids as well as treating symptoms.The disease was first identified in 1976 in two simultaneous outbreaks, one in Nzara, and the other in Yambuku, a village near the Ebola River from which the disease takes its name. EVD outbreaks occur intermittently in tropical regions of sub-Saharan Africa. Between 1976 and 2013, the World Health Organization reports a total of 24 outbreaks involving 1,716 cases. The largest outbreak is the ongoing epidemic in West Africa, still affecting Guinea and Sierra Leone. {{#section:Ebola virus epidemic in West Africa|casesasof}}, this outbreak has {{#section:Ebola virus epidemic in West Africa|cases}} reported cases resulting in {{#section:Ebola virus epidemic in West Africa|deaths}} deaths.{{#section:Ebola virus epidemic in West Africa|caserefs}}