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Biology: Immune System Study Guide
... 4. Bacteria that break down the nutrients in dead matter into simpler substances that are taken up by plant roots are called _______________________. 5. What are some human uses for bacteria? 6. The outer protein coat of a virus is called a ___________________. 7. All viruses are made of proteins an ...
... 4. Bacteria that break down the nutrients in dead matter into simpler substances that are taken up by plant roots are called _______________________. 5. What are some human uses for bacteria? 6. The outer protein coat of a virus is called a ___________________. 7. All viruses are made of proteins an ...
Escherichia coli is a bacterium, which inhabits the intestinal tract of
... are capable of penetrating the intestinal epithelial cells and producing an inflammatory diarrhea similar to that caused by Shigella species. This strain can be suspected when observing blood, mucus, and segmented neutrophils in fecal smears. Both ETEC and EIEC strains are recovered primarily from ...
... are capable of penetrating the intestinal epithelial cells and producing an inflammatory diarrhea similar to that caused by Shigella species. This strain can be suspected when observing blood, mucus, and segmented neutrophils in fecal smears. Both ETEC and EIEC strains are recovered primarily from ...
Infectious Disease
... • Protozoa – single celled organisms that are more complex than bacteria. • Parasites – organisms that get their energy from other living things. ...
... • Protozoa – single celled organisms that are more complex than bacteria. • Parasites – organisms that get their energy from other living things. ...
Microbes and diseases: what to study-1
... – Gram negative, rod shaped, facultative anaerobes, nonspore forming, oxidase negative; Proteobacteria ...
... – Gram negative, rod shaped, facultative anaerobes, nonspore forming, oxidase negative; Proteobacteria ...
mechanism of diarrhea
... Fever is common in patients with inflammatory diarrhea. Severe abdominal pain and tenesmus are indicative of involvement of the large intestine and rectum. Features such as nausea and vomiting and absent or low-grade fever with mild to moderate periumbilical pain and watery diarrhea are indicative ...
... Fever is common in patients with inflammatory diarrhea. Severe abdominal pain and tenesmus are indicative of involvement of the large intestine and rectum. Features such as nausea and vomiting and absent or low-grade fever with mild to moderate periumbilical pain and watery diarrhea are indicative ...
Lab Diagnosis of GIT Infections
... Campylobacter,Vibrio), Buffered glycerol (shigella) It is becoming standard practice to reject stool specimens for bacterial culture and parasite examination from patients who have been hospitalized longer than 3 days . For such patients, examination for the toxins produced by Clostridium difficile ...
... Campylobacter,Vibrio), Buffered glycerol (shigella) It is becoming standard practice to reject stool specimens for bacterial culture and parasite examination from patients who have been hospitalized longer than 3 days . For such patients, examination for the toxins produced by Clostridium difficile ...
Food Microbiology The good, the bad and the ugly
... – Key is to have a food handler with the organism as part of the normal skin flora – Remember aw coefficient for this organism is low (0.86) – Food left at 280C for 2-4 hours with S. aureus will have enough cells grown to cause food poisoning ...
... – Key is to have a food handler with the organism as part of the normal skin flora – Remember aw coefficient for this organism is low (0.86) – Food left at 280C for 2-4 hours with S. aureus will have enough cells grown to cause food poisoning ...
401_06_CDD_and_probi.. - University of Washington
... •Treatment is metronidazole 250mg QID as a first try. If treatment failure or relapse, use vancomycin PO 125mg QID. If failure, 500mg QID. •Use Saccharomyces boulardii probiotic to prevent relapses. Dose is 500mg BID for 4-6weeks. ...
... •Treatment is metronidazole 250mg QID as a first try. If treatment failure or relapse, use vancomycin PO 125mg QID. If failure, 500mg QID. •Use Saccharomyces boulardii probiotic to prevent relapses. Dose is 500mg BID for 4-6weeks. ...
Infectious Diseases: Digestive System
... Clostridia are spore-forming bacteria that occur naturally in the soil and the intestinal tract of animals. Toxemia (toxins in the blood) is caused by intestinal clostridial species resulting from the absorption of toxins produced by the bacteria within the intestines (enterotoxemia) or by ingesting ...
... Clostridia are spore-forming bacteria that occur naturally in the soil and the intestinal tract of animals. Toxemia (toxins in the blood) is caused by intestinal clostridial species resulting from the absorption of toxins produced by the bacteria within the intestines (enterotoxemia) or by ingesting ...
MONONUCLEOSIS
... Mononucleosis is an acute viral infection caused by the Epstein-Barr virus. Individuals with this disease can experience mild to severe illness. Most cases of infectious mononucleosis go away by themselves over 2-3 weeks. During the course of the illness, patients often have days when they feel well ...
... Mononucleosis is an acute viral infection caused by the Epstein-Barr virus. Individuals with this disease can experience mild to severe illness. Most cases of infectious mononucleosis go away by themselves over 2-3 weeks. During the course of the illness, patients often have days when they feel well ...
Part 3 – Lindsey Bernoskie
... the stomach takes too long emptying out everything. • If food remains in the stomach for too long, it can cause problems such as bacterial overgrowth from the food sitting. • The food can also harden in to solid masses called, bezoars which may cause vomiting or nausea. ...
... the stomach takes too long emptying out everything. • If food remains in the stomach for too long, it can cause problems such as bacterial overgrowth from the food sitting. • The food can also harden in to solid masses called, bezoars which may cause vomiting or nausea. ...
10 Chapter 37 Reo Calici
... Treatment is replacement of fluids and electrolytes Vaccine licensed in US in 1998 but was withdrawn because of bowel obstructions in some children New vaccine has recently been approved ...
... Treatment is replacement of fluids and electrolytes Vaccine licensed in US in 1998 but was withdrawn because of bowel obstructions in some children New vaccine has recently been approved ...
Lecture 03. Acute intestinal infections
... Enterotoxigenic E.coli infection • Acute beginning from the repeated vomiting, watery diarrhea. • Intoxication is absent; body temperature is normal or subfebrile. • grumbling along thin intestine during palpation. • Feces 15-20 time per days, watery without pathological admixtures, of rice-water c ...
... Enterotoxigenic E.coli infection • Acute beginning from the repeated vomiting, watery diarrhea. • Intoxication is absent; body temperature is normal or subfebrile. • grumbling along thin intestine during palpation. • Feces 15-20 time per days, watery without pathological admixtures, of rice-water c ...
DIARRHEA - Medicine is an art
... OSMOTIC DIARRHEA CAN ALSO BE THE RESULT OF MALDIGESTION (E.G., PANCREATIC DISEASE OR COELIAC DISEASE), IN WHICH THE NUTRIENTS ARE LEFT IN THE LUMEN TO PULL IN WATER. ...
... OSMOTIC DIARRHEA CAN ALSO BE THE RESULT OF MALDIGESTION (E.G., PANCREATIC DISEASE OR COELIAC DISEASE), IN WHICH THE NUTRIENTS ARE LEFT IN THE LUMEN TO PULL IN WATER. ...
- Pacific AIDS Education and Training Center
... • CD4 count ≥200 cells/µL:14 days, longer if persistent bacteremia or complicated infection • CD4 count <200 cells/µL: 2-6 weeks ...
... • CD4 count ≥200 cells/µL:14 days, longer if persistent bacteremia or complicated infection • CD4 count <200 cells/µL: 2-6 weeks ...
L5 foodmicrobiology7e
... Some organisms cause food poisoning after ingestion • Food borne infection: bacteria enter food, infected food is ingested, bacteria grow within the intestines and produce toxins • Examples: Campylobacter jejuni, Salmonella, Salmonella typhii, Shigella, Vibrio cholerae, Vibrio parahemolyticus, Vib ...
... Some organisms cause food poisoning after ingestion • Food borne infection: bacteria enter food, infected food is ingested, bacteria grow within the intestines and produce toxins • Examples: Campylobacter jejuni, Salmonella, Salmonella typhii, Shigella, Vibrio cholerae, Vibrio parahemolyticus, Vib ...
Diseases
... • Rhinoviruses, Coronaviruses • Young average 4 per year. • Isolate populations develop group immunity. • Sneezing excessive nasal secretion. • Usually not accompanied by fever • Last about a week. OCD’s do not reduce this ...
... • Rhinoviruses, Coronaviruses • Young average 4 per year. • Isolate populations develop group immunity. • Sneezing excessive nasal secretion. • Usually not accompanied by fever • Last about a week. OCD’s do not reduce this ...
E. coli is the most common cause of urinary tract infection and
... Enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) is a common cause of “traveler’s” diarrhea and a very important cause of diarrhea in infants in developing countries. ...
... Enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) is a common cause of “traveler’s” diarrhea and a very important cause of diarrhea in infants in developing countries. ...
DISEASES OF SMALL AND LARGE INTESTINE
... A global problem, 2.9 million death per year Account for 1/2 of death in children younger than 5 years in some countries In USA, about 500 infants and young children die each year because of diarrheal disease Most common problem in traveler ...
... A global problem, 2.9 million death per year Account for 1/2 of death in children younger than 5 years in some countries In USA, about 500 infants and young children die each year because of diarrheal disease Most common problem in traveler ...
Gastroenteritis
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Gastroenteritis_viruses.jpg?width=300)
Gastroenteritis or infectious diarrhea is a medical condition from inflammation (""-itis"") of the gastrointestinal tract that involves both the stomach (""gastro""-) and the small intestine (""entero""-). It causes some combination of diarrhea, vomiting, and abdominal pain and cramping. Dehydration may occur as a result. Gastroenteritis has been referred to as gastro, stomach bug, and stomach virus. Although unrelated to influenza, it has also been called stomach flu and gastric flu.Globally, most cases in children are caused by rotavirus. In adults, norovirus and Campylobacter are more common. Less common causes include other bacteria (or their toxins) and parasites. Transmission may occur due to consumption of improperly prepared foods or contaminated water or via close contact with individuals who are infectious. Prevention includes drinking clean water, hand washing with soap, and breast feeding babies instead of using formula. This applies particularly where sanitation and hygiene are lacking. The rotavirus vaccine is recommended for all children.The key treatment is enough fluids. For mild or moderate cases, this can typically be achieved via oral rehydration solution (a combination of water, salts, and sugar). In those who are breast fed, continued breast feeding is recommended. For more severe cases, intravenous fluids from a healthcare centre may be needed. Antibiotics are generally not recommended. Gastroenteritis primarily affects children and those in the developing world. It results in about three to five billion cases and causes 1.4 million deaths a year.