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CHM203 - National Open University of Nigeria
CHM203 - National Open University of Nigeria

... answer and submit some of the TMAs. The grades for these will constitute the continuous assessment portion of your final grades. The course contains 5 units, the contents of which were listed earlier. It is advised that working at the rate of 4 hours/week, students should be able to adequately go th ...
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... share electrons in forming a chemical bond. The number of electrons that an atom loses, gains, or shares when it bonds with another atom is known as the oxidation number of the atom. Elements which lose electrons in a chemical reaction, or which have electrons which are shared with another element d ...
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Chemistry 30 - SharpSchool

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Textbook Answer Keys - Mr. Massey`s Chemistry Pages

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chemistry - My Study materials – Kumar

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Unit 1

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... chemicalchanges/poperties of substances. In day today life we observe many chemical changes such as conversion of milk into curd, Ripening of fruits, farmentation of idli and dora etc. We observes that these changes are permanent. Similary we observe about conversion of water into ice, sublimation o ...
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History of chemistry



The history of chemistry represents a time span from ancient history to the present. By 1000 BC, civilizations used technologies that would eventually form the basis to the various branches of chemistry. Examples include extracting metals from ores, making pottery and glazes, fermenting beer and wine, extracting chemicals from plants for medicine and perfume, rendering fat into soap, making glass, and making alloys like bronze.The protoscience of chemistry, alchemy, was unsuccessful in explaining the nature of matter and its transformations. However, by performing experiments and recording the results, alchemists set the stage for modern chemistry. The distinction began to emerge when a clear differentiation was made between chemistry and alchemy by Robert Boyle in his work The Sceptical Chymist (1661). While both alchemy and chemistry are concerned with matter and its transformations, chemists are seen as applying scientific method to their work.Chemistry is considered to have become an established science with the work of Antoine Lavoisier, who developed a law of conservation of mass that demanded careful measurement and quantitative observations of chemical phenomena. The history of chemistry is intertwined with the history of thermodynamics, especially through the work of Willard Gibbs.
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