Module Number- 3310
... evidence that they have met all the performance criteria for each outcome within the range specified. Details of these requirements are given for each outcome. The assessment instruments used should follow the general guidance offered by the SQA assessment model and an integrative approach to assess ...
... evidence that they have met all the performance criteria for each outcome within the range specified. Details of these requirements are given for each outcome. The assessment instruments used should follow the general guidance offered by the SQA assessment model and an integrative approach to assess ...
Document
... Definition: Conformational isomers (conformers) are structures that differ only by rotation about a single bond. They cannot normally be separated and possess identical physical and chemical properties. No bonds are broken when one conformation is converted into another. For example, the following s ...
... Definition: Conformational isomers (conformers) are structures that differ only by rotation about a single bond. They cannot normally be separated and possess identical physical and chemical properties. No bonds are broken when one conformation is converted into another. For example, the following s ...
Organic Nomenclature
... While it appears to be a cyclohexatriene, it does not chemically behave like an alkene! The three π bonds simultaneously overlap to form a delocalized set of electrons that produces additional stability in the molecule and significantly different chemical properties. Benzene compounds are often refe ...
... While it appears to be a cyclohexatriene, it does not chemically behave like an alkene! The three π bonds simultaneously overlap to form a delocalized set of electrons that produces additional stability in the molecule and significantly different chemical properties. Benzene compounds are often refe ...
2.12 Noncovalent Interactions between Molecules Noncovalent
... relative to the opposite side, giving the molecule a temporary dipole Temporary dipole in one molecule causes a nearby molecule to adopt a temporarily opposite dipole resulting in a small attraction between the two molecules Arise because the electron distribution within molecules is constantly ...
... relative to the opposite side, giving the molecule a temporary dipole Temporary dipole in one molecule causes a nearby molecule to adopt a temporarily opposite dipole resulting in a small attraction between the two molecules Arise because the electron distribution within molecules is constantly ...
Ppt09(Wk14)Organic_final_topics
... • Ligands were either 90° (cis) or 180° (trans) apart from one another ...
... • Ligands were either 90° (cis) or 180° (trans) apart from one another ...
Week 8 – Intermolecular Forces
... (B) The covalent bonding between Br2 is weaker than those in the Cl2 molecules. (C) The bond length of Br2 is longer as opposed to the shorter bond lengths of Cl2. (D) Br2 molecules have electron clouds that are more polarizable than those of Cl2 molecules, therefore the London dispersion forces are ...
... (B) The covalent bonding between Br2 is weaker than those in the Cl2 molecules. (C) The bond length of Br2 is longer as opposed to the shorter bond lengths of Cl2. (D) Br2 molecules have electron clouds that are more polarizable than those of Cl2 molecules, therefore the London dispersion forces are ...
Molecules and formulae - Deans Community High School
... Write a heading and try the work below. 1. What is an ion? 2. What type of charge can an ion have? 3. What type of compounds are made from ions? 4. Are the bonds between ions strong or weak? 5. Collect a copy of the ionic compound diagram and choose two colours to colour in the positive and negative ...
... Write a heading and try the work below. 1. What is an ion? 2. What type of charge can an ion have? 3. What type of compounds are made from ions? 4. Are the bonds between ions strong or weak? 5. Collect a copy of the ionic compound diagram and choose two colours to colour in the positive and negative ...
a level chemistry - some definitions to learn
... The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom The sum of the protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom The mass of an atom relative to that of the carbon 12 isotope having a value of 12.000 The simplest, whole number, ratio of elements in a compound The exact number of atoms of each element i ...
... The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom The sum of the protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom The mass of an atom relative to that of the carbon 12 isotope having a value of 12.000 The simplest, whole number, ratio of elements in a compound The exact number of atoms of each element i ...
Chapter 6 CHEMICAL PERIODICITY Effective nuclear charge
... the surrounding atoms to complete the octet. More than 8 electrons is OK for atoms in row 3 or higher of Periodic Table. ...
... the surrounding atoms to complete the octet. More than 8 electrons is OK for atoms in row 3 or higher of Periodic Table. ...
Organic Chemistry
... Formula: each carbon is written separately followed by atoms bonded to it. ...
... Formula: each carbon is written separately followed by atoms bonded to it. ...
Alcohols Oxidation by oxygen O2 in presence of
... aldehyde without the inter mention of carbon- carbon double bond, and it indicates that the method mentioned above is to be an appropriate method for the oxidation of functional group OH in the presence of functional groups such as C=C. Under this oxidation, the hetero aromatic alcohols having atoms ...
... aldehyde without the inter mention of carbon- carbon double bond, and it indicates that the method mentioned above is to be an appropriate method for the oxidation of functional group OH in the presence of functional groups such as C=C. Under this oxidation, the hetero aromatic alcohols having atoms ...
Monosaccharide
... • Disaccharide – composed of two monosaccharide units • Polysaccharide – very long chains of linked monosaccharide units ...
... • Disaccharide – composed of two monosaccharide units • Polysaccharide – very long chains of linked monosaccharide units ...
Ch 4 Carbon teacher
... Organic compounds- compounds containing Carbon, and usually hydrogen Ex. CH4- Methane Synthesized abiotically in early Earth Exception- CO2 (inorganic) ...
... Organic compounds- compounds containing Carbon, and usually hydrogen Ex. CH4- Methane Synthesized abiotically in early Earth Exception- CO2 (inorganic) ...
Chemical Properties of Monocyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons(5)
... sulfuric acid, a mixture of H2SO4 and SO3. The reactive electrophile is either HSO3+ or SO3, depending on reaction conditions. Substitution occurs by the same two-step mechanism seen previously for bromination and nitration. ...
... sulfuric acid, a mixture of H2SO4 and SO3. The reactive electrophile is either HSO3+ or SO3, depending on reaction conditions. Substitution occurs by the same two-step mechanism seen previously for bromination and nitration. ...
1.7 FUNCTIONAL GROUPS
... useful to know the names of those specific types of bonds. Examples are shown below and you should make flash cards and learn them by heart. There can be (and frequently are) multiple functional groups in one organic molecule. 1.61 Functional groups containing only C atoms: ...
... useful to know the names of those specific types of bonds. Examples are shown below and you should make flash cards and learn them by heart. There can be (and frequently are) multiple functional groups in one organic molecule. 1.61 Functional groups containing only C atoms: ...
Organic Chemistry
... More Complex Splitting Patterns • Because the angle between C-H bond determines the extent of coupling, bond rotation is a key parameter. • In molecules with relatively free rotation about C-C sigma bonds, H atoms bonded to the same carbon in CH3 and CH2 groups generally are equivalent. • If there ...
... More Complex Splitting Patterns • Because the angle between C-H bond determines the extent of coupling, bond rotation is a key parameter. • In molecules with relatively free rotation about C-C sigma bonds, H atoms bonded to the same carbon in CH3 and CH2 groups generally are equivalent. • If there ...
Chemistry 215 Quiz 1 (20 points)
... general formula ABn will always be the same if a) there are no lone pairs on the central atom b) there is more than one central atom c) n is greater than four d) n is less than four e) the octet rule is obeyed A double bond consists of how many pairs of electrons shared between two atoms? a) ...
... general formula ABn will always be the same if a) there are no lone pairs on the central atom b) there is more than one central atom c) n is greater than four d) n is less than four e) the octet rule is obeyed A double bond consists of how many pairs of electrons shared between two atoms? a) ...
Chapter 22 Organic Chemistry
... Chapter 22–Assignment C: Organic Compounds with Oxygen or Nitrogen The major organic functional groups include oxygen or nitrogen atoms. When these electronegative atoms are bonded to carbon, polar bonds are formed. These polar bonds may then be sites of chemical reactions. The main ideas are: ...
... Chapter 22–Assignment C: Organic Compounds with Oxygen or Nitrogen The major organic functional groups include oxygen or nitrogen atoms. When these electronegative atoms are bonded to carbon, polar bonds are formed. These polar bonds may then be sites of chemical reactions. The main ideas are: ...
Weekly Review Lecture
... g. Addition of two equivalents of organolithium reagent 7) Reactions of esters a. Transesterification b. Acid-catalyzed hydrolysis (not as effective as base catalyzed) c. Base-catalyzed hydrolysis (saponification) d. Dry acid hydrolysis of tert-butyl esters e. LAH reduction to make primary alcohol f ...
... g. Addition of two equivalents of organolithium reagent 7) Reactions of esters a. Transesterification b. Acid-catalyzed hydrolysis (not as effective as base catalyzed) c. Base-catalyzed hydrolysis (saponification) d. Dry acid hydrolysis of tert-butyl esters e. LAH reduction to make primary alcohol f ...
Homoaromaticity
Homoaromaticity in organic chemistry refers to a special case of aromaticity in which conjugation is interrupted by a single sp3 hybridized carbon atom. Although this sp3 center disrupts the continuous overlap of p-orbitals, traditionally thought to be a requirement for aromaticity, considerable thermodynamic stability and many of the spectroscopic, magnetic, and chemical properties associated with aromatic compounds are still observed for such compounds. This formal discontinuity is apparently bridged by p-orbital overlap, maintaining a contiguous cycle of π electrons that is responsible for this preserved chemical stability.The concept of homoaromaticity was pioneered by Saul Winstein in 1959, prompted by his studies of the “tris-homocyclopropenyl” cation. Since the publication of Winstein's paper, much research has been devoted to understanding and classifying these molecules, which represent an additional “class” of aromatic molecules included under the continuously broadening definition of aromaticity. To date, homoaromatic compounds are known to exist as cationic and anionic species, and some studies support the existence of neutral homoaromatic molecules, though these are less common. The 'homotropylium' cation (C8H9+) is perhaps the best studied example of a homoaromatic compound.