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Name__________________________Review Organic Reactions
Name__________________________Review Organic Reactions

... 1. Given the incomplete equation representing an organic addition reaction: X(g) + Cl 2(g) XCl2(g) Which compound could be represented by X? A) CH 4 C) C3H8 ...
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... A chemical reaction occurs when • collisions between molecules have sufficient energy to break the bonds in the reactants. • bonds between atoms of the reactants (N2 and O2) are broken and new bonds (NO) can form. ...
handout alkenes from alcohols
handout alkenes from alcohols

... hydroxyl group in R-OH is a poor-leaving group because it would have to leave as a hydroxide ion (HO-). Therefore, an acid is used to protonate the alcohol (step 1) and form R-OH2+ (see Figure 2). Thus, water (a much better leaving group) is the leaving group in this reaction (step 2) and the produc ...
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... Enthalpy is a tricky thing to grasp, but we can look at it this way: • Enthalpy is the macroscopic energy change (in the form of heat) that accompanies changes at the atomic level (bond formation or breaking) • Enthalpy has the same sign convention as work, q and U – If energy is released as heat d ...
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... 8. Establish the relationship between the free energy change, the cell potential, and the equilibrium constant. Laboratory Experimentation: Labs form a foundation for student understanding of the chemical principles discussed in lectures but are also chosen to reflect the diversity of lab work gener ...
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... (b) Molecules in a liquid can vibrate and rotate, but they cannot move about freely as molecules in a gas. (c) Liquids are much more difficult to compress into a smaller volume than are gases. (d) Liquids diffuse more slowly than gases. 4. Experiments show that it takes 6.0 kJ of heat energy to melt ...
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... 5. These two metabolic reactions may occur in either direction. In which direction are they additions? What was added in each case? In which direction are they eliminations? Do they follow an acidic or basic elimination? (Hint: look at the structure of the starting alcohol.) addition of H2O ...
handout alkenes from alcohols
handout alkenes from alcohols

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Thermochemistry (Energy Relationships in Chemical Reactions
Thermochemistry (Energy Relationships in Chemical Reactions

... The water in the center of the figure can be formed in many different ways; two possible ways are shown above, that of melting and heating ice, or cooling boiling water. You can't drink either the frozen or boiling water, because they have energy content that is either too low or too high to be comf ...
Chemistry: Chemical Reactions Notes STOP
Chemistry: Chemical Reactions Notes STOP

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... Kinetics Equilibrium thermodynamics predicts the final state of a system. Kinetics tells us if the system will actually achieve this state within a reasonable time. ...
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... stereochemistry of the major product. b) What is Alder’s endo rule? How does it control the stereochemistry of cycloaddition product? Explain with an example. 25. a) There are two rearrangements involved in the following reaction. Identify them and write the mechanism. OH ...
Chapter 11 Chemical Reactions
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... We will learn: a) the 5 major types.  We will be able to: b) predict the products.  For some, we will be able to: c) predict whether or not they will happen at all. ...
Chemical Reactions
Chemical Reactions

... Never change a subscript to balance an equation (You can only change coefficients) – If you change the subscript (formula) you are describing a different chemical. – H2O is a different compound than H2O2 Never put a coefficient in the middle of a formula; they must go only in the front ...
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Balancing Chemical Equations

... molecules of oxygen To produce:  1 molecule of carbon dioxide and 2 molecules of water ...
Chemical Reactions and Enzymes
Chemical Reactions and Enzymes

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George S. Hammond

George Simms Hammond (May 22, 1921 – October 5, 2005) was a chemist at Iowa State University and the California Institute of Technology. Born and raised in Auburn, Maine, he attended nearby Bates College in Lewiston, Maine where he graduated Magna Cum Laude with a B.S. in Chemistry in 1943. He completed his doctorate at Harvard in 1947, under the mentorship ofPaul D. Bartlett, and a postdoc at UCLA with Saul Winstein in 1948.Among his awards were the Norris Award in 1968, the Priestley Medal in 1976, the National Medal of Science in 1994, and the Othmer Gold Medal in 2003.Hammond was a leader in the field of photochemistry and was widely credited with creating the discipline of organic photochemistry. Hammond's postulate, also known as the Hammond-Leffler postulate, was based on his 1955 publication.
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