Fundamentals of Anatomy and Physiology, Second Edition
... unpleasant experiences affect how we act in certain situations. • Associated with emotions such as pain, pleasure, fear, rage, sorrow, sexual feelings, affection, anger and docility depending on the area of the “system” which is stimulated. • Amygdala – emotion • Hippocampus – memory (determines whe ...
... unpleasant experiences affect how we act in certain situations. • Associated with emotions such as pain, pleasure, fear, rage, sorrow, sexual feelings, affection, anger and docility depending on the area of the “system” which is stimulated. • Amygdala – emotion • Hippocampus – memory (determines whe ...
Dopamine: the rewarding years
... extends beyond treatment of disease to the development of experimental and diagnostic tools with which we have been able to investigate brain neurotransmitter function in the living human brain and offer important future diagnostic opportunities. The early positron emission tomography (PET) studies ...
... extends beyond treatment of disease to the development of experimental and diagnostic tools with which we have been able to investigate brain neurotransmitter function in the living human brain and offer important future diagnostic opportunities. The early positron emission tomography (PET) studies ...
Electronic Realization of Human Brain`s Neo
... to get close to VLSI mimicry of the brain power efficiency. The brain consisting of 1010 neurons with 1014 neural connections is a very power efficient system that is still the most complex system to date [16]. Comparison of hardware/software implementation and software simulations shows how faraway ...
... to get close to VLSI mimicry of the brain power efficiency. The brain consisting of 1010 neurons with 1014 neural connections is a very power efficient system that is still the most complex system to date [16]. Comparison of hardware/software implementation and software simulations shows how faraway ...
The role of mirror neurons in cognition
... remained far from our reach. It was becoming clear that anatomy and physiology by themselves were not sufficient to reveal every mystery of the brain, and a larger collaboration would be needed to aid their efforts. The questions about mind and other mentalistic aspects of our lives sparked another ...
... remained far from our reach. It was becoming clear that anatomy and physiology by themselves were not sufficient to reveal every mystery of the brain, and a larger collaboration would be needed to aid their efforts. The questions about mind and other mentalistic aspects of our lives sparked another ...
E45021924
... raphenuclei, the LC, the vagal motor and sensory nuclei, the dorsal horn of the spinal cord as well as the preganglionic sympathetic neurons of the intermediolateral column of the spinal cord [2]. The structure of the nonapeptide oxytocin differs by only two amino acids from that of vasopressin, whi ...
... raphenuclei, the LC, the vagal motor and sensory nuclei, the dorsal horn of the spinal cord as well as the preganglionic sympathetic neurons of the intermediolateral column of the spinal cord [2]. The structure of the nonapeptide oxytocin differs by only two amino acids from that of vasopressin, whi ...
Sprecher_2011_larval.. - Institute of Neuroinformatics
... including main neuronal elements contributing to LON: larval photoreceptors (lp, red), bn (red); optic lobe pioneers (OLP, blue), PDF neurons (PDF; green), serotonergic neurons (5HT; yellow), OOA (brown). E: Z-projection of a confocal stack (17 μm) showing larval photoreceptor projections. Rh5 and R ...
... including main neuronal elements contributing to LON: larval photoreceptors (lp, red), bn (red); optic lobe pioneers (OLP, blue), PDF neurons (PDF; green), serotonergic neurons (5HT; yellow), OOA (brown). E: Z-projection of a confocal stack (17 μm) showing larval photoreceptor projections. Rh5 and R ...
Reward-Related Responses in the Human Striatum
... signal during affective outcomes. First, while activation in both dorsal and ventral striatum was observed during delivery of rewards and punishments in the card-guessing game, the intensity of the fMRI signal was higher in the dorsal striatum, predominantly the head of the caudate nucleus.36 This w ...
... signal during affective outcomes. First, while activation in both dorsal and ventral striatum was observed during delivery of rewards and punishments in the card-guessing game, the intensity of the fMRI signal was higher in the dorsal striatum, predominantly the head of the caudate nucleus.36 This w ...
thyroid hormones in brain development and
... associated to bipolar affective disorders, depression, or loss of cognitive functions, especially in the elderly (3). Hyperthyroidism causes anxiety, irritability, and hyperreflexia. Both, hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism can lead to mood disorders, dementia, confusion, and personality changes. Mos ...
... associated to bipolar affective disorders, depression, or loss of cognitive functions, especially in the elderly (3). Hyperthyroidism causes anxiety, irritability, and hyperreflexia. Both, hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism can lead to mood disorders, dementia, confusion, and personality changes. Mos ...
Measuring Cortical Thickness - McConnell Brain Imaging Centre
... angle along which to measure the thickness at any one point. That is a very difficult task, made even more difficult by the fact that MRI is discrete data rarely sampled higher than one millimetre. Moreover, it is also a very labour intensive operation, making this technique prohibitive for use in l ...
... angle along which to measure the thickness at any one point. That is a very difficult task, made even more difficult by the fact that MRI is discrete data rarely sampled higher than one millimetre. Moreover, it is also a very labour intensive operation, making this technique prohibitive for use in l ...
GABA-Based Evaluation of Neurologic Conditions: MR Spectroscopy
... that patients with more recent seizure recurrence had much lower concentrations than did those who had been symptom-free longer.32 GABA is also reduced in the setting of juvenile myoclonic epilepsy and complex partial seizures.33,34 Moreover, poorer seizure control in complex partial seizure disorde ...
... that patients with more recent seizure recurrence had much lower concentrations than did those who had been symptom-free longer.32 GABA is also reduced in the setting of juvenile myoclonic epilepsy and complex partial seizures.33,34 Moreover, poorer seizure control in complex partial seizure disorde ...
From movement to thought: Anatomic substrates of the cerebellar
... intricate relay systems exert very subtle influences which, when withdrawn, produce no very obvious disturbances. But, if more critical studies were made, it perhaps might be easy, in some instances at least, to pick u p the subtle differences that must distinguish these cerebellar cases from the no ...
... intricate relay systems exert very subtle influences which, when withdrawn, produce no very obvious disturbances. But, if more critical studies were made, it perhaps might be easy, in some instances at least, to pick u p the subtle differences that must distinguish these cerebellar cases from the no ...
From Neuro-Psychoanalysis to Cognitive and Affective Automation Systems
... AI. Again several systems have been proposed. Most of them are either too low-level, ethologyinspired, or too rule-based, appraisal-oriented. What is missing is a comprehensive model unifying low and high-level capabilities. Some people have already suggested such models, however, almost no one (wit ...
... AI. Again several systems have been proposed. Most of them are either too low-level, ethologyinspired, or too rule-based, appraisal-oriented. What is missing is a comprehensive model unifying low and high-level capabilities. Some people have already suggested such models, however, almost no one (wit ...
22 The Anatomy and Physiology of the Motor System in Humans
... perspective, however, is that neurological syndromes were still described as specific lesions in specific white matter pathways, perpetuating in some sense, the localizationist approach to behavior. The connectionist approach however, has been constantly evolving, and as we will see in the last part ...
... perspective, however, is that neurological syndromes were still described as specific lesions in specific white matter pathways, perpetuating in some sense, the localizationist approach to behavior. The connectionist approach however, has been constantly evolving, and as we will see in the last part ...
Neural Induction in Xenopus: Requirement for Ectodermal and
... PLoS Biology | http://biology.plosjournals.org ...
... PLoS Biology | http://biology.plosjournals.org ...
Beyond dreams: do sleep-related movements
... that the vigorous neural stimulation arising from the brainstem during active sleep substitutes for the lack of waking stimulation. Specifically, they suggested that this sleep-related stimulation assists in a variety of developmental processes, including “neuronal differentiation, maturation, and m ...
... that the vigorous neural stimulation arising from the brainstem during active sleep substitutes for the lack of waking stimulation. Specifically, they suggested that this sleep-related stimulation assists in a variety of developmental processes, including “neuronal differentiation, maturation, and m ...
Review Spectrin and calpain
... binding domain forms a highly exposed loop within helix C (see fig. 1B). Moreover, from site-directed mutagenesis experiments it was concluded that substitution of Val in the P2 position by Gly, Pro or Asp caused aII-spectrin to become resistant to calpain [29]. As those mutations subtly alter the c ...
... binding domain forms a highly exposed loop within helix C (see fig. 1B). Moreover, from site-directed mutagenesis experiments it was concluded that substitution of Val in the P2 position by Gly, Pro or Asp caused aII-spectrin to become resistant to calpain [29]. As those mutations subtly alter the c ...
19 CORTICAL PROJECTIONS FROM TWO PRESTRIATE AREAS IN
... operations were performed with the monkeys in a Baltimore stereotaxic apparatus. The coordinates were obtained previous to the operation by using animals of roughly the same weight. The electrodes were coated with an epoxy resin and had a tip diameter of about 10/zm. I am much indebted to Dr. K. E. ...
... operations were performed with the monkeys in a Baltimore stereotaxic apparatus. The coordinates were obtained previous to the operation by using animals of roughly the same weight. The electrodes were coated with an epoxy resin and had a tip diameter of about 10/zm. I am much indebted to Dr. K. E. ...
Chapter 13 Stress and Glucocorticoid Contributions to Normal and
... dependent task performance in rodents [60, 66]. Studies in humans also support a link between high circulating GC levels and poor learning and memory, although these impairments are not specific to hippocampal function. However, two studies in nonhuman primates have indicated that GC receptors are e ...
... dependent task performance in rodents [60, 66]. Studies in humans also support a link between high circulating GC levels and poor learning and memory, although these impairments are not specific to hippocampal function. However, two studies in nonhuman primates have indicated that GC receptors are e ...
Resting-State Connectivity Predictors of Response to
... subsequent large-scale randomized trial found that behavioral activation was equivalent to paroxetine in reducing symptoms in moderately to severely depressed individuals (Dimidjian et al, 2006). Recently, Lejuez et al (2001) developed a brief BATD. Although sharing many common elements with previou ...
... subsequent large-scale randomized trial found that behavioral activation was equivalent to paroxetine in reducing symptoms in moderately to severely depressed individuals (Dimidjian et al, 2006). Recently, Lejuez et al (2001) developed a brief BATD. Although sharing many common elements with previou ...
DOES ISCHEMIA CAUSE ACUTE NEURONAL DAMAGE BY CONVERTING THE NA /K
... prevent ischemic or “anoxic” depolarization (AD) propagating across grey matter. Recently our laboratory became aware of a marine poison whose molecular action is well characterized but has escaped scrutiny by neuroscientists. We hypothesized that this toxin could provide insight as to how ischemia ...
... prevent ischemic or “anoxic” depolarization (AD) propagating across grey matter. Recently our laboratory became aware of a marine poison whose molecular action is well characterized but has escaped scrutiny by neuroscientists. We hypothesized that this toxin could provide insight as to how ischemia ...
Topical Review
... recovery in humans. At least some of this variability relates to lesion location and size, with larger lesions producing functional recruitment of contralesional cortical areas into a recovery network.12,13,17,18 This review will focus on one major set of findings in these human studies of recovery ...
... recovery in humans. At least some of this variability relates to lesion location and size, with larger lesions producing functional recruitment of contralesional cortical areas into a recovery network.12,13,17,18 This review will focus on one major set of findings in these human studies of recovery ...
Circadian and histaminergic regulation of the sleep
... During 6-hours of sleep deprivation, the histamine release was constantly upregulated and comparable to its level during wakefulness, whereas when the sleep deprivation ceased, the release of histamine immediately dropped to the baseline level. Constant administration of histamine into the basal for ...
... During 6-hours of sleep deprivation, the histamine release was constantly upregulated and comparable to its level during wakefulness, whereas when the sleep deprivation ceased, the release of histamine immediately dropped to the baseline level. Constant administration of histamine into the basal for ...
CNS 424 Block Educational Framework (Week 1)
... Describe the tolerance and dependence to hallucinogens Outline the toxicity of hallucinogens Steroids abuse and dependence Describe the main features of steroid abuse and dependence. Psychostimulants abuse and dependence Describe the pharmacology of cocaine and amphetamines Describe the tolerance an ...
... Describe the tolerance and dependence to hallucinogens Outline the toxicity of hallucinogens Steroids abuse and dependence Describe the main features of steroid abuse and dependence. Psychostimulants abuse and dependence Describe the pharmacology of cocaine and amphetamines Describe the tolerance an ...
Generation of Theta and Gamma Rhythms in the Hippocampus
... LEUNG, L. S. Generation of theta and gamma rhythms in the hippocampus. NEUROSCI BIOBEHAV REV 22(2), 275–290, 1998.—In the behaving rat, theta rhythm was dominant during walking and rapid-eye-movement sleep, while irregular slow activity predominated during immobility and slow-wave sleep. Oscillatory ...
... LEUNG, L. S. Generation of theta and gamma rhythms in the hippocampus. NEUROSCI BIOBEHAV REV 22(2), 275–290, 1998.—In the behaving rat, theta rhythm was dominant during walking and rapid-eye-movement sleep, while irregular slow activity predominated during immobility and slow-wave sleep. Oscillatory ...