Kandel ch. 42 - Weizmann Institute of Science
... Removal of the cerebellum does not alter sensory thresholds or the strength of muscle contraction. Thus the cerebellum is not necessary to basic elements of perception or movement. Rather, damage to the cerebellum disrupts the spatial accuracy and temporal coordination of movement. It impairs balanc ...
... Removal of the cerebellum does not alter sensory thresholds or the strength of muscle contraction. Thus the cerebellum is not necessary to basic elements of perception or movement. Rather, damage to the cerebellum disrupts the spatial accuracy and temporal coordination of movement. It impairs balanc ...
the cortical projection of the medial geniculate body
... newer methods became available. Amongst others the method of conditioned reflexes was used. Kalischer (1907), Swift (1910), Zeliony (1913), and Karplus and Kreidl (1914) all concluded that neither bilateral nor even complete removal of the cortex of both sides produced deafness in dogs and monkeys. ...
... newer methods became available. Amongst others the method of conditioned reflexes was used. Kalischer (1907), Swift (1910), Zeliony (1913), and Karplus and Kreidl (1914) all concluded that neither bilateral nor even complete removal of the cortex of both sides produced deafness in dogs and monkeys. ...
Opposite Effects of Amphetamine Self
... basal and drug-induced changes in metabolic activity (Volkow et al., 1992; Paulus et al., 2002; Adinoff et al., 2003; Bolla et al., 2003), DA receptor levels (Volkow et al., 1993; London et al., 2000) and gray matter volume in OFC (Fein et al., 2002; Franklin et al., 2002; Matochik et al., 2003). Fu ...
... basal and drug-induced changes in metabolic activity (Volkow et al., 1992; Paulus et al., 2002; Adinoff et al., 2003; Bolla et al., 2003), DA receptor levels (Volkow et al., 1993; London et al., 2000) and gray matter volume in OFC (Fein et al., 2002; Franklin et al., 2002; Matochik et al., 2003). Fu ...
C6.4 PPT - Destiny High School
... • Neurons have one behavior property in common with muscles: Irritability – the ability to respond to a stimulus. • However, neurons have an aspect of irritability that muscles DO NOT have: converting stimuli into nerve impulses. • Nerve impulse = a tiny electrical charge that transmits information ...
... • Neurons have one behavior property in common with muscles: Irritability – the ability to respond to a stimulus. • However, neurons have an aspect of irritability that muscles DO NOT have: converting stimuli into nerve impulses. • Nerve impulse = a tiny electrical charge that transmits information ...
How is Epilepsy Diagnosed?
... focal seizures are one sided grand-mal seizures, one-sided jerking, stiffening or dysaesthesia, and psychomotor (partial complex) seizures. A grand mal seizure — also known as a tonic-clonic seizure — is a type of seizure characterized by loss of consciousness, falling down, loss of bowel or bladder ...
... focal seizures are one sided grand-mal seizures, one-sided jerking, stiffening or dysaesthesia, and psychomotor (partial complex) seizures. A grand mal seizure — also known as a tonic-clonic seizure — is a type of seizure characterized by loss of consciousness, falling down, loss of bowel or bladder ...
Opposite Effects of Amphetamine Self
... basal and drug-induced changes in metabolic activity (Volkow et al., 1992; Paulus et al., 2002; Adinoff et al., 2003; Bolla et al., 2003), DA receptor levels (Volkow et al., 1993; London et al., 2000) and gray matter volume in OFC (Fein et al., 2002; Franklin et al., 2002; Matochik et al., 2003). Fu ...
... basal and drug-induced changes in metabolic activity (Volkow et al., 1992; Paulus et al., 2002; Adinoff et al., 2003; Bolla et al., 2003), DA receptor levels (Volkow et al., 1993; London et al., 2000) and gray matter volume in OFC (Fein et al., 2002; Franklin et al., 2002; Matochik et al., 2003). Fu ...
The Octopus: A Model for a Comparative Analysis of the Evolution of
... visual and gravitational (statocysts) systems and has cerebellar-type effects on motor function (Messenger, 1967a,b). The parallel and linear organization of small-diameter fibers in the vertebrate and the octopus systems suggests the importance of this type of organization for the timing computatio ...
... visual and gravitational (statocysts) systems and has cerebellar-type effects on motor function (Messenger, 1967a,b). The parallel and linear organization of small-diameter fibers in the vertebrate and the octopus systems suggests the importance of this type of organization for the timing computatio ...
What Is the Nervous System?
... • Your nervous system receives information about what is going on inside and outside of your body. • Then it processes the information and forms a response to it. • The basic unit of the nervous system is a type of cell called a neuron (NOOR ahn). ...
... • Your nervous system receives information about what is going on inside and outside of your body. • Then it processes the information and forms a response to it. • The basic unit of the nervous system is a type of cell called a neuron (NOOR ahn). ...
Section 11.3
... • Your nervous system receives information about what is going on inside and outside of your body. • Then it processes the information and forms a response to it. • The basic unit of the nervous system is a type of cell called a neuron (NOOR ahn). ...
... • Your nervous system receives information about what is going on inside and outside of your body. • Then it processes the information and forms a response to it. • The basic unit of the nervous system is a type of cell called a neuron (NOOR ahn). ...
The Dopamine Transporter and Risk-Taking Behavior
... study sought to analyze the relationship between the dopamine transporter (DAT) and riskingrelated functioning as assessed with two tasks. In one task, functional magnetic resonance imaging was used to measure brain activity during a monetary feedback task. In the second task, risk-taking behavior w ...
... study sought to analyze the relationship between the dopamine transporter (DAT) and riskingrelated functioning as assessed with two tasks. In one task, functional magnetic resonance imaging was used to measure brain activity during a monetary feedback task. In the second task, risk-taking behavior w ...
Chapter 2 The Neural Bases of Learning and Memory
... The hindbrain is the most primitive brain region. It controls many of the cranial nerves and nuclei that send impulses to and from the spinal cord and cranial nerves. Some of the most basic behaviors, like respiration, sleep and wakefulness, circulation, heart activity, and fine coordination of mov ...
... The hindbrain is the most primitive brain region. It controls many of the cranial nerves and nuclei that send impulses to and from the spinal cord and cranial nerves. Some of the most basic behaviors, like respiration, sleep and wakefulness, circulation, heart activity, and fine coordination of mov ...
What Is the Nervous System?
... • Your nervous system receives information about what is going on inside and outside of your body. • Then it processes the information and forms a response to it. • The basic unit of the nervous system is a type of cell called a neuron (NOOR ahn). ...
... • Your nervous system receives information about what is going on inside and outside of your body. • Then it processes the information and forms a response to it. • The basic unit of the nervous system is a type of cell called a neuron (NOOR ahn). ...
The role of brain in the regulation of glucose homeostasis
... that meal initiation was preceded by a drop in the plasma glucose by as little as 6% to 8%.[25] Another study c onducted few years after this, used on-line glucose monitoring and demonstrated that initiation of meal occurred during a rise in plasma glucose, which was preceded by a drop of the plasm ...
... that meal initiation was preceded by a drop in the plasma glucose by as little as 6% to 8%.[25] Another study c onducted few years after this, used on-line glucose monitoring and demonstrated that initiation of meal occurred during a rise in plasma glucose, which was preceded by a drop of the plasm ...
Methods of Studying The Nervous System - U
... Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) • It has highest spatial resolution • The images are created from measurements of the waves emitted by hydrogen atoms when they are placed in a magnetic field • Its clarity stems from the fact that neural structures differ considerably in their density of hydrogen a ...
... Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) • It has highest spatial resolution • The images are created from measurements of the waves emitted by hydrogen atoms when they are placed in a magnetic field • Its clarity stems from the fact that neural structures differ considerably in their density of hydrogen a ...
Intracellular study of rat substantia nigra pars reticulata neurons in
... The electrical membrane properties of 5tl135tattlsa n.~,~ap~!rSreiiculata (SNR) neurons and the,r postsynapuc responses to si~.mulation of the subthalamic nucleus (STH) were studied in an m vitro slice preparation. SNR neurons were divided into two types based on their electrical membrane properties ...
... The electrical membrane properties of 5tl135tattlsa n.~,~ap~!rSreiiculata (SNR) neurons and the,r postsynapuc responses to si~.mulation of the subthalamic nucleus (STH) were studied in an m vitro slice preparation. SNR neurons were divided into two types based on their electrical membrane properties ...
Cetacean Brain Evolution: Dwarf Sperm Whale (Kogia sima) and
... grow more slowly than in most smaller toothed whales and the pyramidal tract develops poorly whereas there is marked growth of the striatum and the inferior olivary complex [Oelschläger and Kemp, 1998]. In the early fetal period, the trigeminal, cochlear, and facial nerves are already the largest cr ...
... grow more slowly than in most smaller toothed whales and the pyramidal tract develops poorly whereas there is marked growth of the striatum and the inferior olivary complex [Oelschläger and Kemp, 1998]. In the early fetal period, the trigeminal, cochlear, and facial nerves are already the largest cr ...
The effect of lithium on the adrenoceptor
... in clinical medicine. ARs have been classified into several specific subtypes on the basis of pharmacological distinctions. The ARs were first classified into α and β subtypes1 and later into α1-ARs and α2-ARs2 and β1-ARs and β2-ARs.3 Norepinephrine (NE) at physiological concentrations primarily bin ...
... in clinical medicine. ARs have been classified into several specific subtypes on the basis of pharmacological distinctions. The ARs were first classified into α and β subtypes1 and later into α1-ARs and α2-ARs2 and β1-ARs and β2-ARs.3 Norepinephrine (NE) at physiological concentrations primarily bin ...
the distribution of the cells of origin of callosal projections in cat
... callosum to the adjacent cingulate gyri. This diffusion of HRP was sufficient to produce retrograde filling of neurons in the thalamus. In the animals used in this report, the thalamic label included a primary focus of HRP-filled neurons within the anterior nuclear group with additional light label ...
... callosum to the adjacent cingulate gyri. This diffusion of HRP was sufficient to produce retrograde filling of neurons in the thalamus. In the animals used in this report, the thalamic label included a primary focus of HRP-filled neurons within the anterior nuclear group with additional light label ...
Chapter 8 The Nervous System
... • Second largest part of the human brain • Helps control muscle contractions to produce coordinated movements so that we can maintain balance, move smoothly, and sustain normal postures ...
... • Second largest part of the human brain • Helps control muscle contractions to produce coordinated movements so that we can maintain balance, move smoothly, and sustain normal postures ...
Capogna Curr Opin Neurobiol 2014
... neurons of amygdala and inhibitory circuits involved in fear encoding have recently been published [4–7]. The amygdala is one of the most powerful brain areas to address questions regarding the causal relationships between circuit function and behaviour. Remarkably, the physiological role of some sp ...
... neurons of amygdala and inhibitory circuits involved in fear encoding have recently been published [4–7]. The amygdala is one of the most powerful brain areas to address questions regarding the causal relationships between circuit function and behaviour. Remarkably, the physiological role of some sp ...
6-1 Nervous System
... neurons from this area communicate with primary motor cortex, sensory associations areas in the parietal lobe, the basal ganglia, and the thalamus ...
... neurons from this area communicate with primary motor cortex, sensory associations areas in the parietal lobe, the basal ganglia, and the thalamus ...
Pansynaptic Enlargement at Adult Cortical
... Behavioral experience alters the strength of neuronal connections in adult neocortex. These changes in synaptic strength are thought to be central to experience-dependent plasticity, learning, and memory. However, it is not known how changes in synaptic transmission between neurons become persistent ...
... Behavioral experience alters the strength of neuronal connections in adult neocortex. These changes in synaptic strength are thought to be central to experience-dependent plasticity, learning, and memory. However, it is not known how changes in synaptic transmission between neurons become persistent ...
Zebrafish and motor control over the last decade
... neurons can be monitored simultaneously (Drapeau et al., 1999; Higashijima et al., 2004a; Kimura et al., 2006; Masino and Fetcho, 2005). Finally, another major advantage is the similarities to networks in Xenopus tadpoles, which are already reasonably well understood based upon decades of study (Rob ...
... neurons can be monitored simultaneously (Drapeau et al., 1999; Higashijima et al., 2004a; Kimura et al., 2006; Masino and Fetcho, 2005). Finally, another major advantage is the similarities to networks in Xenopus tadpoles, which are already reasonably well understood based upon decades of study (Rob ...
Circuit Architecture of VTA Dopamine Neurons Revealed by
... A second limitation has been an inability to systematically link information about a VTA-DA neuron’s inputs with its projection targets. Although such input-output relationships can be established in ultrastructural studies (e.g., Carr and Sesack, 2000), the methods involved are labor intensive and ...
... A second limitation has been an inability to systematically link information about a VTA-DA neuron’s inputs with its projection targets. Although such input-output relationships can be established in ultrastructural studies (e.g., Carr and Sesack, 2000), the methods involved are labor intensive and ...
[Frontiers in Bioscience 8, s438-451, May 1, 2003] 438 AROUSAL
... fibers and thus have the capacity to receive input from those fibers and their multiple sources. From the medulla through the pons and into the midbrain, the reticular neurons acquire converging inputs from different sources including peripheral sensory systems relaying somatic or visceral sensory, ...
... fibers and thus have the capacity to receive input from those fibers and their multiple sources. From the medulla through the pons and into the midbrain, the reticular neurons acquire converging inputs from different sources including peripheral sensory systems relaying somatic or visceral sensory, ...
Connectome
A connectome is a comprehensive map of neural connections in the brain, and may be thought of as its ""wiring diagram"". More broadly, a connectome would include the mapping of all neural connections within an organism's nervous system.The production and study of connectomes, known as connectomics, may range in scale from a detailed map of the full set of neurons and synapses within part or all of the nervous system of an organism to a macro scale description of the functional and structural connectivity between all cortical areas and subcortical structures. The term ""connectome"" is used primarily in scientific efforts to capture, map, and understand the organization of neural interactions within the brain.Research has successfully constructed the full connectome of one animal: the roundworm C. elegans (White et al., 1986, Varshney et al., 2011). Partial connectomes of a mouse retina and mouse primary visual cortex have also been successfully constructed. Bock et al.'s complete 12TB data set is publicly available at Open Connectome Project.The ultimate goal of connectomics is to map the human brain. This effort is pursued by the Human Connectome Project, sponsored by the National Institutes of Health, whose focus is to build a network map of the human brain in healthy, living adults.