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Subgraphs of functional brain networks identify dynamical
... brain areas are dynamically expressed during experimentally modulated changes in cognitive demand (Fig. 1B). In particular, participants engaged in the following two cognitive control tasks: a response inhibition Stroop task (Fig. 1C; Stroop (1935)) and a local-global perception switching task based ...
... brain areas are dynamically expressed during experimentally modulated changes in cognitive demand (Fig. 1B). In particular, participants engaged in the following two cognitive control tasks: a response inhibition Stroop task (Fig. 1C; Stroop (1935)) and a local-global perception switching task based ...
Attention maps in the brain - Site BU
... phase of these voxels must change smoothly across the cortical area. When the gradient of preferred phases across the cortex reverses direction, this indicates a boundary between neighboring visuotopic areas. For instance, the preferred polar angle of voxels in the calcarine sulcus changes from the ...
... phase of these voxels must change smoothly across the cortical area. When the gradient of preferred phases across the cortex reverses direction, this indicates a boundary between neighboring visuotopic areas. For instance, the preferred polar angle of voxels in the calcarine sulcus changes from the ...
In Vivo Evaluation of White Matter Integrity and Anterograde
... spatiotemporal patterns of neurodegenerative events in the visual system and their relationships with excitotoxic retinal injury in the eye are not fully elucidated. This in part hinders the development of effective strategies for disease monitoring and treatment. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) al ...
... spatiotemporal patterns of neurodegenerative events in the visual system and their relationships with excitotoxic retinal injury in the eye are not fully elucidated. This in part hinders the development of effective strategies for disease monitoring and treatment. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) al ...
Neural tube defects and abnormal brain development in F52
... We report here that a deficiency of F52 in mice leads to NTD that closely resemble human NTD. F52-Deficient Mice as a Mouse Model of NTD. Several mouse mutants that exhibit NTD have been reported and the relevant genes have been cloned (22–25). Unlike NTD patients, all of these mutants exhibit addit ...
... We report here that a deficiency of F52 in mice leads to NTD that closely resemble human NTD. F52-Deficient Mice as a Mouse Model of NTD. Several mouse mutants that exhibit NTD have been reported and the relevant genes have been cloned (22–25). Unlike NTD patients, all of these mutants exhibit addit ...
Orbitofrontal Cortex Encodes Willingness to Pay
... were instructed not to eat for 4 h before the experiment, which increased each trial. The set of rules described above applied to both trials. Note the value that they placed on the foods. They were also instructed that that subjects needed to make a willingness-to-pay computation in free they would ...
... were instructed not to eat for 4 h before the experiment, which increased each trial. The set of rules described above applied to both trials. Note the value that they placed on the foods. They were also instructed that that subjects needed to make a willingness-to-pay computation in free they would ...
Brain Stem Involvement in Immune and Aversive Challenge Jakob Paues
... individual become weakened by disease or old age. Likewise, premalignant cells are either destroyed or forced into senescence. In order to maximize the efficiency of the immune response, it is coordinated by the central nervous system (CNS), which orchestrates well known sickness symptoms as fever, ...
... individual become weakened by disease or old age. Likewise, premalignant cells are either destroyed or forced into senescence. In order to maximize the efficiency of the immune response, it is coordinated by the central nervous system (CNS), which orchestrates well known sickness symptoms as fever, ...
Mirror Neurons in a New World Monkey, Common Marmoset
... monkeys (Goodman et al., 1998; Chatterjee et al., 2009). This study would provide valuable insight into our understanding of primate evolution. In this study, we investigate whether mirror neurons exist in the frontal cortex of common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus). Marmosets are highly social anima ...
... monkeys (Goodman et al., 1998; Chatterjee et al., 2009). This study would provide valuable insight into our understanding of primate evolution. In this study, we investigate whether mirror neurons exist in the frontal cortex of common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus). Marmosets are highly social anima ...
09 - Pierce College
... 30. The part of your brain that receives, interprets and acts on action potentials from the eyes is located in which lobe? a. Frontal b. Parietal c. Temporal d. Occipital 31. Frontal lobe contains a. Primary sensory cortex b. Primary motor cortex c. Primary visual cortex d. Primary gustatory cortex ...
... 30. The part of your brain that receives, interprets and acts on action potentials from the eyes is located in which lobe? a. Frontal b. Parietal c. Temporal d. Occipital 31. Frontal lobe contains a. Primary sensory cortex b. Primary motor cortex c. Primary visual cortex d. Primary gustatory cortex ...
PDF
... among the neuritic networks of surviving neurons in the ischemic penumbra of the cerebral cortex is still obscure, we investigated the fate of them up to 24 weeks after the ischemic insult. Methods—Stroke-positive animals were selected according to their stroke index score during the first 10-minute ...
... among the neuritic networks of surviving neurons in the ischemic penumbra of the cerebral cortex is still obscure, we investigated the fate of them up to 24 weeks after the ischemic insult. Methods—Stroke-positive animals were selected according to their stroke index score during the first 10-minute ...
18 Coordination in Behavior and Cognition
... coordination” is to think of it as a cover term for at least three fundamental neurocomputational functions: multiplicative gain modulation, dynamic grouping or “binding,” and dynamic routing (cf. Phillips et al., this volume). All three functions can be viewed as involving interactions that affect ...
... coordination” is to think of it as a cover term for at least three fundamental neurocomputational functions: multiplicative gain modulation, dynamic grouping or “binding,” and dynamic routing (cf. Phillips et al., this volume). All three functions can be viewed as involving interactions that affect ...
Astrocytes - American College of Neuropsychopharmacology
... review several basic facts about astrocytes and then selectively survey some of their functions, particularly emphasizing recent findings about metabolic interactions between astrocytes and neurons. We also discuss features of astrocyte function as they relate to synaptic plasticity and emerging con ...
... review several basic facts about astrocytes and then selectively survey some of their functions, particularly emphasizing recent findings about metabolic interactions between astrocytes and neurons. We also discuss features of astrocyte function as they relate to synaptic plasticity and emerging con ...
12 - Mrs. Jensen's Science Classroom
... • Thin (2–4 mm) superficial layer of gray matter • 40% mass of brain • Site of conscious mind: awareness, sensory perception, voluntary motor initiation, communication, memory storage, understanding ...
... • Thin (2–4 mm) superficial layer of gray matter • 40% mass of brain • Site of conscious mind: awareness, sensory perception, voluntary motor initiation, communication, memory storage, understanding ...
Lateral prefrontal cortex: architectonic and functional organization
... computations occurring in a given area for the complex neuronal network within which it is embedded can be explored, in monkeys, by observing the consequences on cognitive/behavioural function of removal or disconnection of the particular area or manipulations of its neurotransmitter activity. There ...
... computations occurring in a given area for the complex neuronal network within which it is embedded can be explored, in monkeys, by observing the consequences on cognitive/behavioural function of removal or disconnection of the particular area or manipulations of its neurotransmitter activity. There ...
Subcircuit-specific neuromodulation in the prefrontal cortex
... the PFC is disrupted. Anatomically, the PFC is reciprocally connected with virtually all neuromodulatory centers. Recent studies of PFC neurons, both in vivo and ex vivo, have found that subpopulations of prefrontal projection neurons can be segregated into distinct subcircuits based on their long-r ...
... the PFC is disrupted. Anatomically, the PFC is reciprocally connected with virtually all neuromodulatory centers. Recent studies of PFC neurons, both in vivo and ex vivo, have found that subpopulations of prefrontal projection neurons can be segregated into distinct subcircuits based on their long-r ...
The neurophysiological correlates of motor tics following focal
... Defebvre, 2006; Vercueil, 2006). These involuntary movements vary in form, severity and anatomical position depending on the associated underlying pathology. Tourette syndrome patients manifest such involuntary movements ranging from simple motor tics that involve only one or a few muscle groups, to ...
... Defebvre, 2006; Vercueil, 2006). These involuntary movements vary in form, severity and anatomical position depending on the associated underlying pathology. Tourette syndrome patients manifest such involuntary movements ranging from simple motor tics that involve only one or a few muscle groups, to ...
Center-Surround Interactions in the Middle Temporal Visual Area of
... processing stream, in the medial superior temporal area (MST), and has also been described in invertebrate visual systems where it appears to be involved in the important function of distinguishing background motion from object motion. ...
... processing stream, in the medial superior temporal area (MST), and has also been described in invertebrate visual systems where it appears to be involved in the important function of distinguishing background motion from object motion. ...
Subcortical loops through the basal ganglia
... contact with hindbrain premotor nuclei responsible for directing the animal towards or away from salient cues [32–35]. Deep-layer neurons are responsive to unisensory and multisensory stimuli [35] and exhibit bursts of activity tightly coupled to stimulus onset, to the initiation of a motor response ...
... contact with hindbrain premotor nuclei responsible for directing the animal towards or away from salient cues [32–35]. Deep-layer neurons are responsive to unisensory and multisensory stimuli [35] and exhibit bursts of activity tightly coupled to stimulus onset, to the initiation of a motor response ...
On the relevance of time in neural computation and learning
... in which time is used as a resource for coding information. One might view these models as a third generation of neural network models, following threshold circuits as the =rst generation and sigmoidal neural nets as the second generation of neural network models. Obviously, computation and learning ...
... in which time is used as a resource for coding information. One might view these models as a third generation of neural network models, following threshold circuits as the =rst generation and sigmoidal neural nets as the second generation of neural network models. Obviously, computation and learning ...
Chapter 2 - Monsignor Farrell High School
... radioactive sugar is injected into the subject and a computer compiles a color-coded image of brain activity of the brain; lighter colors indicate more activity Psychology, Fourth Edition, AP Edition Saundra K. Ciccarelli • J. Noland White © 2015, 2012, 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights res ...
... radioactive sugar is injected into the subject and a computer compiles a color-coded image of brain activity of the brain; lighter colors indicate more activity Psychology, Fourth Edition, AP Edition Saundra K. Ciccarelli • J. Noland White © 2015, 2012, 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights res ...
Nerves
... • The circuits in the brain are more complex than the most powerful computers • Functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can be used to construct a 3-D map of brain activity • The vertebrate brain is organized into regions with different functions ...
... • The circuits in the brain are more complex than the most powerful computers • Functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can be used to construct a 3-D map of brain activity • The vertebrate brain is organized into regions with different functions ...
video slide - Welcome to HCC Southeast Commons
... • The circuits in the brain are more complex than the most powerful computers • Functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can be used to construct a 3-D map of brain activity • The vertebrate brain is organized into regions with different functions ...
... • The circuits in the brain are more complex than the most powerful computers • Functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can be used to construct a 3-D map of brain activity • The vertebrate brain is organized into regions with different functions ...
Ch 49
... • The circuits in the brain are more complex than the most powerful computers • Functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can be used to construct a 3-D map of brain activity • The vertebrate brain is organized into regions with different functions ...
... • The circuits in the brain are more complex than the most powerful computers • Functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can be used to construct a 3-D map of brain activity • The vertebrate brain is organized into regions with different functions ...
Increased taste intensity perception exhibited by
... clinicians based on history, general physical exam, and detailed neurological exam, especially sensory, motor, reflex and gait examinations. Briefly, all CBP patients had unrelenting pain for more than one year, primarily localized to the lumbosacral region, including buttocks and thighs, with or wi ...
... clinicians based on history, general physical exam, and detailed neurological exam, especially sensory, motor, reflex and gait examinations. Briefly, all CBP patients had unrelenting pain for more than one year, primarily localized to the lumbosacral region, including buttocks and thighs, with or wi ...
The interplay between neurons and glia in synapse
... The mammalian brain is a complex organ comprised of numerous cell types and greater than 1 1014 synapses. In broad classifications, two main cell types encompass the neural parenchyma: neurons and glia. Neurons are a heterogeneous group of electrically active cells, which form the framework of the ...
... The mammalian brain is a complex organ comprised of numerous cell types and greater than 1 1014 synapses. In broad classifications, two main cell types encompass the neural parenchyma: neurons and glia. Neurons are a heterogeneous group of electrically active cells, which form the framework of the ...
Connectome
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/White_Matter_Connections_Obtained_with_MRI_Tractography.png?width=300)
A connectome is a comprehensive map of neural connections in the brain, and may be thought of as its ""wiring diagram"". More broadly, a connectome would include the mapping of all neural connections within an organism's nervous system.The production and study of connectomes, known as connectomics, may range in scale from a detailed map of the full set of neurons and synapses within part or all of the nervous system of an organism to a macro scale description of the functional and structural connectivity between all cortical areas and subcortical structures. The term ""connectome"" is used primarily in scientific efforts to capture, map, and understand the organization of neural interactions within the brain.Research has successfully constructed the full connectome of one animal: the roundworm C. elegans (White et al., 1986, Varshney et al., 2011). Partial connectomes of a mouse retina and mouse primary visual cortex have also been successfully constructed. Bock et al.'s complete 12TB data set is publicly available at Open Connectome Project.The ultimate goal of connectomics is to map the human brain. This effort is pursued by the Human Connectome Project, sponsored by the National Institutes of Health, whose focus is to build a network map of the human brain in healthy, living adults.