Orexinergic Input to Dopaminergic Neurons of the Human Ventral
... profoundly influenced by an orexinergic input from the lateral hypothalamus to the VTA. Because the existence and significance of an analogous orexigenic regulatory mechanism acting in the human VTA have been elusive, here we addressed the possibility that orexinergic neurons provide direct input to ...
... profoundly influenced by an orexinergic input from the lateral hypothalamus to the VTA. Because the existence and significance of an analogous orexigenic regulatory mechanism acting in the human VTA have been elusive, here we addressed the possibility that orexinergic neurons provide direct input to ...
Representing Spatial Information for Limb - Research
... brain? A vector code of movement direction has been described in primary motor cortex Ml (Gcorgopoulos et al., 1982; Schwartz et al., 1988; Caminiti et al., 1990), dorsal premotor cortex PMd (Caminiti et al., 1991; Fu et al., 1993), areas 2 and 5 of the parietal cortex (Kalaska et al., 1983; Cohen e ...
... brain? A vector code of movement direction has been described in primary motor cortex Ml (Gcorgopoulos et al., 1982; Schwartz et al., 1988; Caminiti et al., 1990), dorsal premotor cortex PMd (Caminiti et al., 1991; Fu et al., 1993), areas 2 and 5 of the parietal cortex (Kalaska et al., 1983; Cohen e ...
Been There, Seen That: A Neural Mechanism for Performing
... map on a moment-by-moment basis, and eye movements are guided to the peak of the map. We believe that the lateral intraparietal area (LIP) of posterior parietal cortex acts as such a map in which features or locations are represented by levels of activity related to the attentional priority at that ...
... map on a moment-by-moment basis, and eye movements are guided to the peak of the map. We believe that the lateral intraparietal area (LIP) of posterior parietal cortex acts as such a map in which features or locations are represented by levels of activity related to the attentional priority at that ...
Chapter 8: Conditioning and Learning
... Fig. 8.18 Computer-assisted instruction. The screen on the left shows a typical drill-andpractice math problem, in which students must find the hypotenuse of a triangle. The center screen presents the same problem as an instructional game to increase interest and motivation. In the game, a child is ...
... Fig. 8.18 Computer-assisted instruction. The screen on the left shows a typical drill-andpractice math problem, in which students must find the hypotenuse of a triangle. The center screen presents the same problem as an instructional game to increase interest and motivation. In the game, a child is ...
Chapter 8: Conditioning and Learning
... Fig. 8.18 Computer-assisted instruction. The screen on the left shows a typical drill-andpractice math problem, in which students must find the hypotenuse of a triangle. The center screen presents the same problem as an instructional game to increase interest and motivation. In the game, a child is ...
... Fig. 8.18 Computer-assisted instruction. The screen on the left shows a typical drill-andpractice math problem, in which students must find the hypotenuse of a triangle. The center screen presents the same problem as an instructional game to increase interest and motivation. In the game, a child is ...
object relations, dependency, and attachment
... Distance receptors become more important. Memory traces are laid down. Certain kinds of directed behavior emerge. Some distinction can be made between self and non-self, although this is by no means complete, and the infant is still viewed as being incapable of cathecting a true object. For Anna Fre ...
... Distance receptors become more important. Memory traces are laid down. Certain kinds of directed behavior emerge. Some distinction can be made between self and non-self, although this is by no means complete, and the infant is still viewed as being incapable of cathecting a true object. For Anna Fre ...
HUMAN BRAIN EVOLUTION IN AN ECOLOGICAL CONTEXT^
... be examined from a somewhat evolution of the unusual standpoint. Numerous research workers, including a large panicularh large brain during ...
... be examined from a somewhat evolution of the unusual standpoint. Numerous research workers, including a large panicularh large brain during ...
Networks of Spiking Neurons: The Third Generation of
... bit 1 is coded by the firing of a neuron within a certain short time window, and 0 by the non-firing of this neuron within this time window (see e.g., Valiant, 1994). However, under this coding scheme a threshold circuit provides a reasonably good model for a network of spiking neurons only if the f ...
... bit 1 is coded by the firing of a neuron within a certain short time window, and 0 by the non-firing of this neuron within this time window (see e.g., Valiant, 1994). However, under this coding scheme a threshold circuit provides a reasonably good model for a network of spiking neurons only if the f ...
Dopamine – CNS Pathways and Neurophysiology
... neurons and subsequent histochemical verification, it was determined that DA neurons can be identified based solely on their electrophysiological characteristics. As such, one of the most distinct features of DA neurons is the broad extracellular spike waveform they produce (Figure 1). Such waveform ...
... neurons and subsequent histochemical verification, it was determined that DA neurons can be identified based solely on their electrophysiological characteristics. As such, one of the most distinct features of DA neurons is the broad extracellular spike waveform they produce (Figure 1). Such waveform ...
Vision in Drosophila - University of Queensland
... succession at slightly different times. This suggests a fundamental quality of motion vision, already a clue for researchers investigating the underlying neuroanatomy: Motion vision is more concerned with contrast changes and the delays that describe a moving object than with specific spectral qualit ...
... succession at slightly different times. This suggests a fundamental quality of motion vision, already a clue for researchers investigating the underlying neuroanatomy: Motion vision is more concerned with contrast changes and the delays that describe a moving object than with specific spectral qualit ...
Final
... that light therapy can work for seasonal affective disorder and no other mood disorder is a prime justification for defining this disorder as something that is distinct from the other mood disorders. 20. Compared to antidepressant drug therapy, cognitive therapy has the advantage of A. producing mor ...
... that light therapy can work for seasonal affective disorder and no other mood disorder is a prime justification for defining this disorder as something that is distinct from the other mood disorders. 20. Compared to antidepressant drug therapy, cognitive therapy has the advantage of A. producing mor ...
- City Research Online
... In order to present the reader with a coherent issue rather than a disjointed collection of papers, we set three requirements for contributors to our project: models should be tested against a list of previously agreed phenomena; model parameters should be fixed across simulations; and authors shoul ...
... In order to present the reader with a coherent issue rather than a disjointed collection of papers, we set three requirements for contributors to our project: models should be tested against a list of previously agreed phenomena; model parameters should be fixed across simulations; and authors shoul ...
avian brain nomenclature forum
... the lobus parolfactorius, the paleostriatum augmentatum, the paleostriatum primitivum, the majority of the septum and several basal forebrain groups that include the large cholinergic cells and the stria terminalis nuclear complex (part of it erroneously named nucleus accumbens in the past; see bel ...
... the lobus parolfactorius, the paleostriatum augmentatum, the paleostriatum primitivum, the majority of the septum and several basal forebrain groups that include the large cholinergic cells and the stria terminalis nuclear complex (part of it erroneously named nucleus accumbens in the past; see bel ...
Attention maps in the brain - Site BU
... cognition operates on no more than a few items at once. Given these limitations, what we do or do not perceive is largely determined by attentional mechanisms that select information for enhanced cognitive processing. Spatial representations are a fundamental aspect of information coding within the ...
... cognition operates on no more than a few items at once. Given these limitations, what we do or do not perceive is largely determined by attentional mechanisms that select information for enhanced cognitive processing. Spatial representations are a fundamental aspect of information coding within the ...
The Wick in the Candle of Learning
... cats and monkeys) will expend resources to find out information they are curious about, much as rats will work for a food reward (Loewenstein, 1994). On the basis of this observation, we hypothesized that the striatum would be linked to curiosity because a growing body of evidence suggests that acti ...
... cats and monkeys) will expend resources to find out information they are curious about, much as rats will work for a food reward (Loewenstein, 1994). On the basis of this observation, we hypothesized that the striatum would be linked to curiosity because a growing body of evidence suggests that acti ...
NEURAL ACTIVITY RELATED TO ANTICIPATED REWARD:
... fixation breaks occurring at each time during the trial (in 500 ms bins) and under each condition (short or long delay), as a fraction of all fixation breaks committed by the monkeys. Overall, cases in which a trial was aborted by breaking fixation, even during the first second, were rare. Out of a ...
... fixation breaks occurring at each time during the trial (in 500 ms bins) and under each condition (short or long delay), as a fraction of all fixation breaks committed by the monkeys. Overall, cases in which a trial was aborted by breaking fixation, even during the first second, were rare. Out of a ...
PET Imaging of Differential Cortical Activation to
... These studies of language processing have identified sites in the left inferior frontal cortex and posterior temporal cortex, regions classically implicated as speech/language centers from postmortem studies with aphasic patients (Geschwind, 1979). Furthermore, by comparing brain activation patterns ...
... These studies of language processing have identified sites in the left inferior frontal cortex and posterior temporal cortex, regions classically implicated as speech/language centers from postmortem studies with aphasic patients (Geschwind, 1979). Furthermore, by comparing brain activation patterns ...
Cortical projections to the nucleus of the optic tract and dorsal
... system (NOT-DTN) along with the dorsolateral pontine nucleus (DLPN) have been shown to play a role in controlling slow eye movements and in maintaining stable vision during head movements. Both nuclei are known to receive cortical input from striate and extrastriate cortex. To determine to what degr ...
... system (NOT-DTN) along with the dorsolateral pontine nucleus (DLPN) have been shown to play a role in controlling slow eye movements and in maintaining stable vision during head movements. Both nuclei are known to receive cortical input from striate and extrastriate cortex. To determine to what degr ...
Contributions of temporal-parietal junction to the human
... reflect the loss of overlapping P3 activity at frontocentral sites. It is unlikely that unmasking or enhancement of this negative slow wave accounts for the P3 decrements observed for two reasons. First, the slow wave was frontocentral in distribution and the P3 was abolished at parietal sites. Seco ...
... reflect the loss of overlapping P3 activity at frontocentral sites. It is unlikely that unmasking or enhancement of this negative slow wave accounts for the P3 decrements observed for two reasons. First, the slow wave was frontocentral in distribution and the P3 was abolished at parietal sites. Seco ...
A Feedback Model of Visual Attention
... The Reynolds and Desimone model, in common with others (e.g., Olshausen et al., 1993), uses top-down signals to multiplicatively modulate the synaptic strengths of inter-regional connections so that attended information can be selectively routed to higher cortical regions. Equivalent results can be ...
... The Reynolds and Desimone model, in common with others (e.g., Olshausen et al., 1993), uses top-down signals to multiplicatively modulate the synaptic strengths of inter-regional connections so that attended information can be selectively routed to higher cortical regions. Equivalent results can be ...
Neurophysiological correlates of hypnotic analgesia
... Although still viewed with scepticism, hypnosis has gained respectability in medicine, in large part due to its demonstrated effects on analgesia (Montgomery, David, Winkel, Silverstein and Bobbjerg, 2002; Patterson and Jensen, 2003). Hypnosis can profoundly alter sensory awareness and cognitive pro ...
... Although still viewed with scepticism, hypnosis has gained respectability in medicine, in large part due to its demonstrated effects on analgesia (Montgomery, David, Winkel, Silverstein and Bobbjerg, 2002; Patterson and Jensen, 2003). Hypnosis can profoundly alter sensory awareness and cognitive pro ...
